Anoaeuoiauo alanui (viscosity) aila (GOST)

Bitumen - hoʻomano hoʻohana 'ia ma ke kūkulu mea, ai ka hydrophobic a me ka maikai loa lina waiwai. Ua piliʻano nui ka wā asphalting alanui. Nō hoʻi, nui pinepine keia mea ua hoʻohana 'ia e like me ka waterproofing no nā hale a me nā hale. Ma kēia 'atikala, nā lāliʻi a pau, e hana aku me ka mea i na bitumen, aha nō kona waiwai a me ka palapala noi.

ka wehewehena

Bitumen kapaia retinoid anuanu (viscosity)ʻeleʻele waiwai. Ua nō kāu hele mai i loko o popo palaoa, i mua hoʻohana ua hoʻoheheʻeʻia ma kiʻekiʻe mahana. I ka haku mele 'ana o nā bitumen mai he loa huikau. He ho he hydrocarbon hui a me ko lākou mau kumu kona nā mea loaʻa, e like me ka pono i mea hiki ke hooheheeia, i oxygen a me ka naikokene. He makana i loko o keia mea a me kela ano keia ano o hetero hui. I mau, ka haku mele 'ana o bitumen mea i waiwai i ka' ike o nā mea a pau kona eiiiiiaiou mea wale ole i ke Akua.

Pehea ka

I ka papa kuhikuhiE huahana hoʻohana no ka makaukau o ka bitumen ka aila. Aia nā wale ekolu walaʻauʻana aoao e paka i kēia mea:

1. Lehulehu o ke koena aila ma ka holo distillation. Ka hope huahana He pahee a me ka fusible. Ma keia hana ua loaa mai bitumens vysokosmolistoy (sulfurous) aila.
2. 'okesaside o ka sludge (ka aila koena) e puhi i oxygen ma ka wela o ka 180 ... + 300 degere. Ma keia hana ia i loaa mai ai he thermostable laholio mea.
3. Hoʻohuihui a oxidized koena aila distillates huahana.

maoli bitumen

Ma ka hapanui o na hihia i kēia mea ua i artificially i ka luna-i ho'ākāka 'ekolu' ana i kūpono. Eia naʻe, aia no he maoli bitumen, 'ano a me ka noi o i ka hola o ka ia e like me ia o kaʻike mau. Ua lŘlŘ ma ke ano maoli no ka aila i nā mahinaʻai , a ano i keia ano o ka maka aniani. Ma maemae palapala, ma kona ano maoli bitumen kokoke 'aʻole i kānāwai. Loa pinepine, oia impregnates kekahi sediment. Nō kāu, i kēia mau mea pohaku e like sandstone paha limestone. Ma keia hihia, ke gula maoli bitumen loaa ka mua wili pohaku. I kekahi manawa, i kēia pono asphaltic pohaku ua wāwahi loa, a hoʻohana 'ia ma ka alanui no? Ieoaeunoaa.

Kind o bitumen no kahua hana

Ma ka noi o keia mea ua maheleia i nui nā pūʻulu eha:

• ? Ieoaeunoai bitumen. Ua Ua hoʻohana 'ia no ka waterproofing o ka pā, kumu, bapetizo ana ma ka aina o ka laau hale, a no laila, ma luna o. D.
• Roofing. Ua Ua hoʻohana 'ia no ka palekana i ka ona mau hale o ka noho, hanalima a me ka lehulehu hale.
• Bitumen alanui. Ka loa, he pono ole Lolina hoʻohana no ka makaukau o iie?.
• 'īpale. Ua Ua hoʻohana 'ia e hoʻopale ai i ka ona a me ka popopo o ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia hookiokio aku.

alanui anoaeuoiauo

ka hydrophobic mea ua loa pinepine hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ka hana o ke alanui. Aia i mau walaʻauʻana ano o bitumen:

• (Viscosity). Loaa mai kaʻaila kā.
• Wai. Kēia Lolina ua ua hanaʻia mai ka h ÷ bitumen. E like me ka diluent hoʻohana i loko o keia aila.

H ÷ bitumen alanui ua hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ka hana ana i alanui ma ke kai mehana o mahina. Ke kinowai mea ua hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ke anu wa pono. I ka h ÷ bitumen mua stacking mea wela i ka mahele heheʻe i ka mahana. Ke kinowai mea hiki ke hoʻohana 'ia nā loko o ke anu, a e lalana ana ia ia. Ma hope o kekahi manawa ma hope o mea hoʻonoho ma muli o keʻano o ka hanaʻana i ka oxidative na bitumen ai hanaʻia naʻe, a haawi i ke anuanu, ona mau-hoʻopale laholio Auana.

He aha ano e au e nana i ka wā kūʻai

Aia nā wale ekolu walaʻauʻana kiko'î a, a hiki i ka hoʻoholo 'ana ma bitumen:

• huahelu e hoopalupalu ana i wela;
• ductility (degere o ka ductility o bitumen filaments);
• anal ((viscosity)).

I ka hope 'inideka Ua nānā' ia e miki pu i ke kui kele ma loko o ka bitumen pahaʻohana ma ka kekahi ana wela.

omaka

E aʻo e pili ana i ka bitumen no ka mea 'ano o ka hana a ka loa mea. E hana i kēia, e nana i na omaka.

• ? Ieoaeunoai bitumen BN palapala.
• Road - BN a BND.
• Roofing - BNK.

Ma hope o ka palapala e omaka mau huahelu ma hope o ka kēlā hou. Ka helu mua Hōʻike ka i hoopalupaluia, wahi, i ka lua o ka - ma ke degere o ka (viscosity). Ka la mahope me ka nānā 'ia e miki pu i ke kui kele ma loko o ka bitumen i ka wela o ka 25 ° ^C.

A hehi ihola au h ÷ bitumen

E like me ua oleloia, ua lako ia i ka mea i loko o na apana a me ka barela. A lohe o BN ua hoʻohana 'asphalting (aila) a me BND (bitumen alanui). E like me ke GOST hua he umi? Ueo o keia mea (MND mai 200/300 i 40/60, BN mai 200/300 i 60/90).

Wai alanui bitumen

Keia mea ua kaha kaawale. Aia i wale elua o konaʻano likeʻole:

1. SG - ai hanaʻia naʻe i ka māmā holoʻawelike.
2. Mg - ai hanaʻia naʻe lohi. Kēia Lolina Ua hoʻohana 'ia ma ka alanui kukulu i loko o ka II-V climatic cii.

Ma hope o ka palapala i keia hihia i kekahi mau huahelu ma hope o ka hou denoting ka allowable huahelu ductility (ma ⁶⁰ ° C me ka puka o ka 5 mm o ka viscometer).

I ka wa e kuai nā pāʻani 'oe pono e kaha i ka palapala (palapala holo'āina'ē) i ke kinowai bitumen alanui. Pono e hoʻokō Mark SG, e like me mg, MND a me ka BN me GOST +. Ka mea i keia mea i ka palapala, kamakamailio ae la oia i ka apana uuku na kumuwai.

Maluhia o ka Lehulehu e hana me ka bitumen ka wā

I ka hoʻohana 'ana i kēia mea, e ia' ano makaala lakou. Bitumen mea hiki ke ignite. Flammability e loli iki inideka mark ua nānā 'ai like flashpoint. Ma ÷ alanui hale, roofing a me ka waterproofing bitumen mea kiʻekiʻe ma loko o ka wai - ma lalo nei. Nolaila, i ka wa e hana ana me ka mea hope loa e e oi loa akahele.

Eia hou, ka wā hana hana pili i ke noi, papaa, halihali, a no laila, ma luna o. G. Bitumen no hanalima maluhia rula ia e lei aiiay kapa. Kēia 'ano ua ālai i ka hana, mai ka haule ana ma e lalana anaʻili, trudnosmyvaemye kulu.

kona mea e like bitumen palapala holo'āina'ē

Hoʻomaopopo bitumen poʻe e hoʻokō me ka mau hae GOST 2245-90. Eia naʻe, he nui poʻe e paka waiwai o kēia 'ano me ka hoonui ae i ano. No laila, na bitumen o kekahi a me kekahi momoku ahi hou pela hooiaioia ia e ka luna o ke keʻena hoʻokolohua palapala, i kapaʻia passports. D. ka mea, ke koho 'kiko'î e like me anal, ductility, e hoopalupalu ana ana wela o ka huina hoonui, a no laila, ma luna o.

Eia nae, e like me ka palapala nei,ʻaʻole wale nō (viscosity), akā, i loko o ke kinowai ai bitumen alanui mg. Palapala holo'āina'ē ka pono kumu hoʻomalu kaʻaeʻana i nā puke ano koi ma ke Hookah. Ma ka pepa compulsorily ka i hookauia mai hana pai.

O ka holo ana, he pono e he palapala holo'āina'ē no ka wai aʻaila kā bitumen alanui SG, like hoʻi me roofing a me ka'īpale. Mawaena o ka lama hou o keia mea i komo, no ka mea hoike, i ka BND-U a me Euro BV. Me ka mahalo i kēia mau mea e like ai mau hae i i ho'ākāka 'ia e GOST a Li a me srt. At Euro BV? Iecaianoaaiiuo i lawe i loko o no na koi o Europa hae EN 12591.

Ka loa, he pono ole momoku ahi

Ke kukulu ana o ka hapanui mau hoʻohana alanui bitumen 90/10. Manufacturers paka, a kūʻai lilo aku ia i loko o na mea nui me ia, waterproofing hale ilalo, lola honua māhele o ka lāʻau kākoʻo nā hale, i waena o-panel ami, hale ilalo a me ka pā. Mai kekahi loa hanohano momoku ahi o BN 70/30, ka mea, ua hookoaiaʻe e ke kiʻekiʻe heheʻe wahi. Kēia broadens ka laulā o kona hoʻohana 'ana, no ka ua haawiia mai ka ho film ma ia mea hiki ke withstanding nui ana wela hahana maoli nō kēia.

Iloko o ka hana o ke alanui pinepine hoʻohana bitumen alanui MG130 / 200. Ua Ua hoʻohana 'ia ana i loko o nā wahi like ma ka hooilo mahana, aole ia i haule ma lalo 20 ° ^C. kēia mea' ano apau loa i ka loa a me ka ike loea laumania alanui ili honua.

Hou mākou i lawe mai i ka mea heluhelu a me ka papaʻaina ki ano (GOST) o kēia mau ano o bitumen.

Bitumen alanui, hale a me ka roofing -ʻia, loa kiʻekiʻe koi ma ke kuai. Ke hookuu aku oia i keia la kona mau hui. No laila, koho i kekahi mea e like ai huahana e e he maʻalahi. Na ka papa kuhikuhiE mea - e hoʻolohe i ka lepili, a kuai i ka loa e pono i loko o keia hihia koho.