Aquifer. Ka hohonu o ka aquifer

Aquifer ole moana - he mau papa o ka pohaku ka kiʻekiʻe permeability. Ko lakou ili, mawae 'ole' ē aʻe voids i piha me ka groundwater.

General manaÿo

Mau aquifers e hana aquifer'ōnaehana, ina ka mea, e interconnected hydraulically. Hoʻohana 'ia no ka wai lako i loko o eanie?, Nenoaio i? O ka ululāʻau? Eeiae ma oicyenoaaiiie aayoaeuiinoe. I ka wa e Haʻalele i ka ili, ka mea hiki e ke kumu o waterlogging ?? eoi?. Kēia e hoʻonui i ke kahua o lalo, a me ka malumalu ka pohopoho o.

permeability

Ke aquifer Ua wehewehe aku ma ka permeability o ka pōhaku. Wai permeability hilinaʻi nui ma ka nui a me ka helu o interconnected mawae, ili, e like me ka mea i hoʻokaʻina 'pellets pohaku. Ka hohonu o ka aquifer hiki ke e lauwili mai ka 4.2 m + ( "kau"), a mai ka 30-50 m + (artesian ka wai).

I ka luawai permeable pohaku i:

• iliili;
• iliili;
• lohi loa ke one;
• loa fractured a karst pōhaku.

wai ana

Ke kumu no ka neʻeʻana o ka wai i loko o ka ili ke e kekahi mau:

• ka ikaika o ka umekaumaha;
• neaa poo;
• capillary koa;
• capillary-osmotic koa;
• adsorption ikaika;
• ana welaʻano piʻina.

Ke kaumaha ma muli o ka 'ā ina' ole o ka aquifer pōhaku hiki e isotropic ma ka pili ana i ke kānana, oa. E. Permeability ma kekahi ala e hiki aku ana i ka ia. Pōhaku hiki e anisotropic, ma ka a ina e wehewehe aku ka mea, ma kaʻaʻahu loli i loko o ka permeability i loko o nāʻaoʻao.

I ka hohonu o na aquifers i loko o ka Moscow māhele 'āina

Ma ka palena o ka Moscow māhele o ka lola honua ka wai papa hohonu loli aʻe, no laila, no ka pono o kona mahele ia i loko o hydrological wahi. Aia i kekahi mau wai-e hali ana i mau mea:

• Hawaiian māhele'āina. Ke kiʻekiʻe o ka wai ke ia ma ka laulā 10-70 m. Ka hohonu o na punawai i loko o kēia wahi papa koa mai ka 40 m + a hiki i 120 m.
• South-komohana māhele 'āina. wai moana lipolipo mea okoa profusion. Ka awelika hohonu o ka punawai, he 50 m.
• Central District. He ka nui loa kahi o ka hale. He, ma ka huli, ua maheleia i Large a me Small. Ka awelika mānoanoa o ka moana lipolipo o 30 m. Ka waiʻaneʻi kalepona, kalepona-sulphate.
• Hawaiian māhele'āina. Ka hohonu o ka aquifer i loko o kēia wahi mea 20-50 mau mika. Wai, holo nōhie, ikaika mineralized, no laila, o ka wai unusable.
• Klin-Dmitrov Apana. Ua he a mau keena kalepona moana lipolipo: Gzhel a me Kasimovsky.
• Volga District. Ka awelika hohonu o ka aquifer He 25 mau mika.

Kēia mea he mau ano o ka wahi. A piha like o aquifers, malamaia lakou nei, no makeup wai , ahu iho, kona mana, ka mea i ho'ākāka 'kahe ana, ka precipitate nuʻa a me ka e like. D.

Ua mea waiwai 'ana i kumumanaʻo i ka hydrogeology o ka Moscow Māhele' allocates kekahi aquifer'ōnaehana, i ua maheleia i loko o kekahi mau lipolipo o ka Paleozoic lanahu hoʻokomo kālā:

• Podolsko myachkovskogo konu o carbon, ahu iho;
• Serpukhovskoy aquifer a me Oka haʻahaʻa o carbon me ka ho okumu;
• Kashirsky aquifer haumāna o carbon;
• Kasimovsky luna o carbon, ahu iho;
• Gzhel luna aquifer kalapona.

Kekahi aquifers i haahaa ka wai saturation a kiʻekiʻe mea pōhaku maʻiʻo, no laila lākou i mea e pono no ka hana kanaka.

Aquifer Serpukhovskoy Oka a malalo kalapona me ka ho okumu i kekahi i kā mākou nona iho pili i nā aquifer - 60-70 mika.

Moscow-Podolsky aquifer ke kau i kā mākou o 45 mika ma ka hohonu, kona awelika mana mea like i 25 mau mika.

Pehea e hooholo i ka hohonu o ka aquifer

Sandy aquifer - .. Inoa conditional, oa i ka moana lipolipo i komo o ka iliili, one hui me ka iliili. Uaʻokoʻa mana one aquifers, ĸokoĸa ana nä pane i kā lākou hohonu.

Inā ka hydrogeology o ka Moscow māhele 'āina a me ka moku e like mākou noonoo, ua hiki me ka oiaio, e olelo aku nei i ka wai hiki ke loaʻa i lola honua ma ka hohonu o ka 3-5 mika, ke kaumaha ma muli o ka hoahanau kiekie o ka? Anoee wahi. Ka hohonu o ka aquifer mea i kalele iho ma hydrological hiʻona o kokoke: muliwai, Lake, Marsh.

Hea ka mea me kaʻilikai ua haawi ia ia e like me "kau". ua i pono kona wai hana i loko o ka meaʻai, 'ole. K. ka mana o keia ahu iho la ka pono i ka nui, hau heheʻe, a no laila, ma luna o. G., Pēlāʻaneʻi hiki wale kiʻi nā palapala impurities. Pinepine, nae, o ka wai "kau" e hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ka hale, a ua kapa ia hoi "kaʻina wai".

mea maikai i wae 'wai ma ka hohonu o ka 8-10 mika. Ma ka hohonu o ka 30 mika i aia ka ai-kapaia "mea pōhaku wai", no ka mea? Iecaianoaaiiie o i boreholes i kūkulu.

E hoʻoholo i ka alo a me ka hohonu o ka luna aquifer, kŘpa a maʻalahi. He nui Popular aoao: ma ka mea o ka lāʻau hahau, a me ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia ponoi, ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka lepo ipu, he ano o ka malama ana i na mea kanu e ulu ana ma luna o ka ?? eoi?.