Complex i huiʻia. Definition, Mea Maluna

E haawi hou aku a emi kūlike loa ka wehewehena o ka mea he luna 'i huiʻia, he laekahi kemika e hilinai aku ma luna o nā mea i ho'ākāka' walaʻauʻana o ke ōhumu kumumanaʻo, a i manaoia e A. Werner i kakahiaka nui me 1893 ka ka manaʻo pohihihi o kēia pukana moe i loko o ke 'ano a me ka multiplicity o ka loa like Nine Inch hui e haule ana i ka wehewehena o ka luna '.

I mau, ka luna 'i huiʻia - he Nine Inch waiwai, i kekahi hapa o ka i mea he moʻo o ka luna' (particles). A hiki i kēia manawa, 'epekema, aole ikaika ka wehewehena o "luna' (particles)". Pinepine hoʻohana i kēia 'ho'ākāka' ana: he luna 'huna maopopo luna' huna i mea hiki ke kū kaʻawale nei i loko o ke aniani, a me ka pāʻoihana. Ua Ua haku o nā kula haʻahaʻaa (particles), i ka huli i ka hiki e nei kū kaʻawale. No hoi pinepine i ka wehewehena o ka luna '(particles) hāʻule luna' Nine Inch (particles) ma a pau a me ka hapa o ka pili ana i hanaʻia ma luna o ka pou-acceptor rula.

A e like me ka hiʻona, a lilo i ka luna 'i huiʻia o ke alo i loko o kā lākou' ole o ke kikowaena'Ātoma, loaa ka inoa "complexing Agena". Ua haawiia i ke 'ano i mau hui i ke kamailio e pili ana i kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona o keia hehee ai mea e pono. Pinepine i ka complexing konohiki mea he'Ātoma ho okumu i mea hiki ke hooheheeia. Akā, i kēia mea,ʻaʻole he ikaika hiʻona: he mau luna 'i huiʻia ma i ke kikowaena'Ātoma mea he'Ātoma o ka oxygen, luaipele, naikokene, iodine a me nā kumu no ko ka lilelile nonmetals. Olelo ana o ka uku ole complexing konohiki, ka mea hiki e mai la oia i ka hapanui o ia mea 'oluʻolu, a ma ka' epekema moʻokalaleo kapa metala oaio, akā, ma laila nō examples ma ke kikowaena'Ātoma, a i ka io malama, a me ka hikiʻole.

Alaila, o ka noho kaʻawale nā'ātoma a pūʻulu koho nā'ātoma i i aia a puni ka complexing konohiki, haawiia i like ligands. Kēia paha e (particles) i mua komo i loko o ka luna 'hui o ka lātoma, no kekahi laʻana, wai (H2O), kalapona monoxide (CO), naikokene (NH3), a me na mea e ae, e hiki no hoi ia anions OH-, PO43-, Cl-, hydrogen paha he cation H +.

An hoao e classify i ka luna 'i huiʻia e like me ka luna' kauoha type hoʻokaʻawale mau Nine Inch i huiʻia i loko o cationic eiiieaenu a i hanaʻia a puni ka ikaika, papa mai ion'ākilikai nā lātoma. Anionic eiiieaenu mea i loaʻa, ma a ka complexant mea he'Ātoma me ka maikaʻi 'okesaside moku'āina. Simple a eiiieaena anions i ligands. A hoʻokaʻawale pūʻulu hiki ke kaʻawale'ākilikai nā pono a pau o. Lākou ho okumu ia lŘlŘ ma ōhumu puni'ākilikai nā lātoma'Ātoma. Nō hoʻi i loko o kēia waeʻano o ka luna 'i huiʻia nā hui i hanaʻia e ka mea i ka wā hoʻokahi ōhumu puni ka ikaika i hoopiiia Ion a me nā lātoma a negatively kauoha Ion.

Inā e noonoo i ka helu o ka noho paa ma na ligands ai-kapaʻia i loko o ka ōhumu poepoe, ia mea manao monodentate, bidentantye a me ka polydentate ligands.

E hoomakaukau ai no ka luna 'i huiʻia ma keʻano likeʻole e leie aku Mea Maluna ma ke' ano o ka ligand. Iwaena o lakou hoomaopopo ammines, ma a na ligands i na poe ma ka ammonia nā lātoma, Aqua pono a pau o kahi o nā ligands ka wai, carbonyls - kalapona monoxide hana me ka ligand. Eia kekahi acidocomplexes nei i loko i ke kikowaena'Ātoma puni maʻakika residues. Inā ka mea, ua hoopuniia e hydroxide Ion, na hui haawiia i hydroxycomplexes.

pâʻani Complex hui nui i kūlana ma ke ano. Hiki ole ole ia e pōʻino oihana o ola meaola. Nō hoʻi, ka hoʻohana 'ana o ka luna' i huiʻia ma ke kanaka hana e leie aku luna 'manufacturing hana.

Mākau kemika, ka pōʻalo o ke hooheheeia, mai na mea e hooheheeia, electroplating,? Iecaianoaaiiuo o ka pena, a varnishes - ka mea, e he pōkole papa inoa o na hana i i ua hoʻohana luna 'Nine Inch.