He aha mea he Aha Kuhina o curiosities? Description, mōʻaukala a me ka modernity

"E, e ia i loko o St. Petersburg, eʻoiaʻiʻo, e kipa i ka Kunstkammer!" - he māheleʻana hua'ōlelo i loaʻaʻaneʻane kela oo? Enonei-?, Malihini o ka'ākau kulanakauhale alii. He aha mea he Aha Kuhina o curiosities? He nui nā mea o ka hua'ōlelo hou pili i ka mea hana, a me ka pohihihi nui. Ua makani, mai nā lā kahiko, i kekahi mea ma kahi lōʻihi aku ...

wehewehe i ka 'atikala ma ka au mamuli mea na curiosities, ka mōʻaukala o kona hanaia'na, a me kaʻikena kulana.

manaʻo

Aia ka he moolelo i Peter I ka wa e hele ana ma Vasilyevsky mokupuni ike mau kupaianaha tidara: kekahi lala somehow inexplicably kupu ma ke kumu o ka mea 'ē aʻe. Kēia hana kumu hoʻomanaʻo impressionable Emperor. He manao o ka gimmick i loko o kekahi mau makahiki i ka wa a kipa i ka kalaiaina huakaʻi i loko o ka 1697-1698 biennium. Enelani a me Holland. A laila, halawai mai la oia me ka ai-i kapaia "Aha Kuhina o curiosities" ma nā kaukaualiʻi, kahi e mālama nā mea a pau, kela waina keia diva: zaspirtovannye kino, hoʻokomo akula holoholona, i ka ohi ana i ke nānā nā mea kolo. O lakou ka loa mua Kunstkammer. I ka hua'ōlelo unuhi mai Kelemānia 'o ia hoʻi "oe lumi".

Mōʻaukala o ka mea i hanaia i loko o Rusia

Peter makemake ka mea, no laila, nui kupanaha kaawale, i ma hope o ka hoʻiʻana i ka hale,ʻo ia i mua i kekahi like hoʻoponoponoʻana o Kamehameha no ka Aha Kuhina ma ka pā kaua. Ma Holland, ua loaa i ka holoʻokoʻa "oihana Ruysch" ia i aʻo i ka beauty o ka ialoa no, no ka 30 000 Hōlani guilders. I ka wā e hiki mai, mai skimp, kūʻai mō'ī pohihihi keia puke, mea, na hana, kū hoʻokahi artifacts a me maoli kupanaha wale aku no. ia i kauoha i ke kauoha, e like me ka i kela kanaka keia kanaka i loaʻa i ka hana a me ka pohihihi'ikamu ma hope, au i, e hele ia i ka hoʻokumuʻiaʻana o "curiosities Aha Kuhina". Mai nā kihi o ka nui Lūkini aupuni a pau i loko o ka oihana, hoomaka ae la e akoakoa ai i ka mea kupaianaha 'ikamu. Soon ka mea, lilo no ka lehulehu ia mea, i ole waiho i loko o ka pā kaua. Nui, e waiho waho ma kūikawā hale ahu, loa kōkua Petero, ka mea i makemake ma ka naʻau e kau a pau o na curiosities ma ka make.

Ma hope iho o ka hoolilo ana o ke kulanakauhale alii mai Moscow a hiki i St. Petersburg a ua neʻe i ka noho hou, au Petero neʻe i ka hou henua a me kona curiosities. Manawa, waiho ihola ia i loko o ka Palace o ka makaia o Boyar Kikin, ka mea i a hoʻokuewa wale 'ia mai ke kapikala a me ka haoʻana o ka waiwai no ka lawe ana kekahi i loko o ke kipi ku ei ka Auguseto. Ke alii i kauoha mai ai, "Kikin ke Keena" e hea aku i naʻano "Aha Kuhina o Curiosities". Ua hiki i ka 1714. Keia makahiki, a ua hanau mai au i loko o ke ao nei mua Lūkini curiosities nona ka Hawaii photo manawa e nani ai kā kēlā alakaʻi o Petero.

ieoaeunoai o na hale

Petero ka ohi koke ulu. I ka 1717, hou ma Holland i loa loaa e Seb mooolelo no ka 15 tausani. Hōlani guilders. Soon hiki i na loina a pau e pono a me ka "Kikin keʻena." E lawa kā lākou curiosities me ka manawa kūpono o ka hōʻike a pau no ko ianei manao i ka Auguseto kauoha i ka hana o ka kūikawā hale. No ia kaʻawale waiwai wahi ma luna o ka pua o Vasilevsky Island kokoke i ka hale o ke aliʻi, a me ka mea nui moku'āina kulanui.

Ka pāhana? Ac? E kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone Mattarnovi. I ka pohaku o ka wā e hiki mai ana o ka iau kaulana mua, ua hookumuia ia ma ka July 1718 hope mai ma luna o ka hale me na kaulana haku me Gerbel, Zemtsov a me Kiaveri.

Luna Nui e komo ai o ka Kunstkammer i paʻa i loko o November 1728, i ka wā i pau ai wale hoʻopau hana i ka 1734

Haʻalele Russian kunstkamery mai ka Europa

Ka mua "cabinets o curiosities" i waho ma Europe i ka pakebona i loko o ka 15-16 kenekulia. He aha mea he Aha Kuhina o curiosities, no i ka waiwai luna, ao kona manao ua e holoʻokoʻa i hele mai i ka poe hoaai? O pono he haphazard ohi o ka pohihihi a me ka hana mau mea, hōʻike i ka "ao" o ko lākou mea nāna.

Iho la ia Petero curiosities a me ka ho'ākāka 'ia ma luna, i mua hapai ole i ka lehulehu o ka waiwai, akā, me ka ohi ana i hana hoihoi artifacts e hiki ke malama i ka hoʻonaʻauao a me kaʻepekema mau hana. Pūnaewele a me ka systematization o nā loina i waihoia mai i ka naauao kanaka. I kekahi mau manawa, na mea kuhikuhi; a? Aaiuo o ka "Aha Kuhina o Petero" he Baiburin, Barthold, Gumilyov, Lomonosov, Struve, Sternberg, Pallas, Severgin a me nā kānakaʻepekema. Lakou ohi i ka loa kekahi mea - mea ole wale ölelo, a laila, hoʻokipa curiosities, akā, maʻamau o nä mea i loaʻa nui yoiia? A me ka mōʻaukala manaʻo nui, waiwai i loko o ka 'epekema ano o ka insect ohi, hoʻokomo akula manu, mea kolo, ka iʻa a me ka holoholona, hana anatomical a me ka mineralogical ka oihana.

Ma hope iho o ka hanaia'na o ka Russian Academy o Sciences i ka 1724. O ka papa kuhikuhi kumu o ka Aha Kuhina o curiosities, he mau 'ikamu i lawe mai mai ka' epekema kāna huakaʻi i Miller, Krasheninnikov, Messershmity, Lisiansky, Maclay, Bellingshausen, Kruzenshtern.

He aha mea he Aha Kuhina o curiosities Russian? He He iau, kekahi o ka mea kahiko, a richest i loko o ke ao nei, i ke cradle o ka Russian Academy o Sciences.

hana hoihoi 'kūʻiʻo

Mai ka lā mua o ka curiosities, ua haawiia mai he Hawaii photo o i lalo, ma ka mea o Petero au i wehe ai i nā mea a pau pili kanaka. Komo ana a me ka nana ana o ho'āʻoʻia ua noa.

Peter au i hana i kekahi mea hana oihana i loko o ka iau kona ho'āʻoʻia nā holoholona a me nā poʻe me ka hanau mā - Cyclops, he nui-mākaukau i ke kaua, i ka siren ka maʻi pale a me nā abnormalities. A i ole iʻaloa wale kino a me kanaka, akā, no hoi, e ola ana dwarves, i na kupu nui a me i na kupu nui e noho ana ma ka Hale ma ka lilo ana o ka lehulehu waihonakala.

Ka Emperorʻike nā kīhāpai o ka ohi "i loko o ka maka" a ua he alakai maikaʻi i ka makemake o ka hai ana ia lakou i kona mau hoaʻai.

I keia la, i ka iau he 1,2 miliona. Hōʻike!