International ulu mau kapa a pau. IBRD

Regional laweʻae'ē kulanui i loan, a oaoieei kōkua i States me ka manao i ko lakou mau pono a me ka papa hana. I ka lā, i ka Inter-American,ʻApelika Waena, hawaiian mau kapa a pau. Ka mea, kaʻana pahu hopu a me nā hanana. Ma kēia 'atikala e kamaʻilio mākou i loko o au mamuli o ka kanawaiʻaoʻao nui ulu mau kapa a pau.

naue like

iho o ka hoonohoia'na International? acaeoey kapa no ka nui o nā kumu.

mahuahua i ke kūlana o ka'āina i loko o ke ao nei kaiāulu 1);

2) i ka pono no ka hoʻoponopono 'nīnūnē i mea e mau loa ia i loko o noonoo o ka IMF;

3) attraction o mawaho hoʻolako 'ia o nā kumu waiwai no ka mea o ka aie;

4) i k alu like 'ana a me ka-yeiiiie? Hoʻohui' ana o nā'āina;

5) hoihoi lala MRBR (kaʻoi loa ole-o nā 'āina) i loko o ka paepaeʻana mea hoʻolilo.

Oko ao a me nā mea like

International hooulu mau kapa a pau i ka differentiated kiʻekiʻe o ka lehulehu, nohona kanaka a me ka papa hana o ka'āina. Akā, e hahai like pahu hopu: e hoʻokō kauoha aupuni ulu wahi. Nui noonoo ua uku ai i ke kaua ana i kaʻilihune ma Asia, a Africa.

Kahi o kekahi hapakolu o na lala o ka aie kulanui - ulu'āina. Ka mea mau loa ana o ke kumukuai, ka mea, i ka hopena ma luna o ka hui. I kekahi manaʻo hoʻoholo ia ma ka lahui a me ka 'āina'? Acaeoey kapa (IDB, ADB, AfDB), hiki ke wahi e na ao o ka US, Japan, Nigeria.

i haawi Voices lala ke kaumaha ma muli o ka ua hoʻopuka kālā kulanakauhale alii. Oiai, e like me ka Palapala, loa e pili ana i ka 'āina' lālā, akā, i ko lākou kaʻana like 'ana, hina iho la i keia la a hiki i ka palena iki (ka hola 50,02%) aie i ka māhuahua helu o ka hoʻomōhala i ka'āina i loko o ka hoʻomanaʻo.

IDB

Ka Inter-American Development Bank - mea he intergovernmental hui hanaia no ka laweʻae'ē i loko o RomaʻAmelika polokalamu i ka 1959. Na Papa mea i loko o Washington, ka kālai'āina kino - ke kālai'āina ahalunakanawai, i ua koho no elima makahiki. E like me kekahi hapa o ka puu ka 27 o nā 'āina a me ka 20' ole-o nā 'āina Papa Mālama Kālā. Mana kapikala - 34 ieeeea dala, 30% o ka koho ana i kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia. Resources mobilized mai ka lahui kapikala wahi kanaka. The Bank eaaaony loan ma maʻamau kalepa hua'ōlelo.

ADB

KaʻApelika Waena Development Bank i hookumuiaʻi e ka Organization oʻApelika Waena ke kuʻikahi, e paipai i ka papa hana o ka'āinapuniʻole holoʻokoʻa. Kaulike poʻo He 100 ieeeea dala. He hana hoihoi i ke Aupuni Lālā i wale 7,6% o keia dala, i ke koena i koe i loko o ka palapala o ua hoʻohiki uku. Ma lalo ia o ka ADB e hoala hou dala ma ka makeke o ka aie poʻo. Pilikia a me nā kumu waiwai i ka hui i ole. Akā, ka hapanui o ke kapikala ua kia ma Africa.

ADB

MaiLan Development Bank dala e hoʻohana i ka hoʻoulu i ka ulu ana o Asia, a me kaʻAʻole loa East nā noʻeau hoʻokele waiwai. Headquartered i loko o ka Philippines. Loa i hoakaka ia no nā exhibitors a me ka loio i nāʻoihana. Ka awelika aie dala - 15 miliona dala. Key waiwai kūʻai? Eou - hana, amo, mahiʻai, ikehu, ke kālā kaiaulu. Dala i hoakaka mai i ke kālā. Normal mea e haawi lilo ole i ka hoihoi ana o ka 5% no 15-25 makahiki. Special hoʻohana 'ia no ka ma-laweʻae'ē i loa-makahiki (25-40 makahiki) ma 1-3%. Ke lokomaikai au mea 3-5 a me 10 makahiki.

IBRD

International Bank no? Aeiino? A Development i hoʻokumuʻia ma ka makahiki 1944, 170 Member States. Ua ua i kapaʻia ka World. IBRD hana - laweʻae'ē i ka ulu 'aina aupuni a me nā aupuni a papa hana. Ka haumāna haʻawina kālā ua koiia e hoʻohana i ke dala no kā lākou Manao iho la ia mea. International Bank no? Aeiino? A Development mea he uku kula a ma ka hoʻomaka o ka hana i ke hoʻololi e kālele ana ma luna o nā papa hou i loko o nā'āina o ko ke ao nei.

hiʻona laweʻae'ē

hoa o ka puu hiki e wale IMF Nā Aupuni Lālā. Capital kulanui kukulu ai ma ka 'iaE i kulike ai me ka like ana pōpilikia no kēlā me kēia moku'āina, ke kaumaha ma muli kona aneiai Loaʻaʻia. Ka mea kiekie loa mea palena piha (17.5%) a me ka helu o nā balota (17%) e pili ana i kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia. The Bank eaaaony loan wale e'ūheheʻe mea hāʻawi mai i postpones uku ma loan, no laila,ʻaʻole loa ia loaʻa piʻi. Kula i loaa nui ka hoao ana i ka papahana waiwai. Kona hana ana noke no ka oi ma mua o ka hapalua o ka uku nui o ke dala anao? Aou e ka i komo.

Resources nā puʻu e kū pono kaulike hiki paha ke uku no ka meakino a me ka lōʻihi-manawa loan. lala nā haʻawina ho i emi o 5% o ka World Bank ka Bedroom. Aupuni kuai lilo mahele i loko o ka mālama '-ʻae dala, a me ka nānā' ana i ka nui o ka papa hana o ka moku'āina, akā, uku wale i kekahi hapa o ko lākou kāki. Koena - "kālā koi", pono i ka hihia, ina ke kae e incur nunui poho. Kēia poʻo hiki ke kauoha wale no o ka disbursement o ka paa.

alakaʻi

Ka hooko kino ana o ke kula o ke Keʻena Luna. Ua nui ma luna o ka 5 Komite: hooia, hoʻomalu, nā limahana,? Iecaianoaaiiie rula, kāki laulā. Ōhumu o ka World Bank a me IMF Boards o Kiaaina hoʻoili. He ninaninau nīnau e like me: ke alu like pilikino E pili industrialized'āina, aie ka ho'ēmiʻana o hanalima wahi, kekahi kaiaulu? Acaeoey, e like me hoʻomākaukau hōʻike no ka hooponopono.

CB "International Bank o Development"

IDB - Kauhalenui aie kula, nona ka papa kuhikuhi hana - ana me ka aie securities, loan a me RKO. Mea, ua hookumuia ia ma 1994. Ua ike ia ka mea nona o ka 'ole o ka mea uuku pāʻoihana ma Moscow: "Alexis manaʻo", "FC Garant", "Galeon-TM." I ka lā, kalepa kūpono 'ana o ke kapa hoike i ka LLC "Intergazneft" a me JSC "Urengoymontazhpromstroy".

Kukuluia'na ka loaʻa o ke poo, aʻelua hou oihana i loko o ke kulanakauhale alii. Ka International Development Bank (Moscow)ʻeleu ma ke kuai a me ka kuai ana i paa. Hui kālepa nā mea mālama mai i hoolako ia me ka Classic lākou o nā lawelawe, me laweʻae'ē a me ka dala noho. Mea hāʻawi hookauwaʻano nui kālepa hana. A pilikino nā mea kūʻai mai i ke komo ana i nā lawelawe, koe wale no ka ola auto loan a me mortgages. Ma nā mea a pau, i ke kālā kula, he 5000 nā mea kūʻai mai.

poʻo

Ka 'ole o ka upena waiwai o ka nui kaʻana like' ana e noho ma ka mea paa Lūkini issuers '(45%) a me ka aie waihona kālā (37%). Commercial Development Bank mai he nui nui o ke koe nō (48%), a arrears (26%). I ka hoʻomaka o ke kolu o ka hapaha o ka 2013, i ke kula ua o Laielohelohe e pili ana i kekahi hapakolu o nā kumu'āi'ē mai ka interbank laweʻae'ē market. A hapa paʻa i ke koena ma luna o hoʻokomo kālā o ka hui kālepa nā mea mālama mai, 4% hoike no ka haawina o ke kanaka. I loko nō nā haʻawinaʻiʻo i loko o ka kūlana kiʻekiʻe o ke kapa ma Rusia CB "IDB" ninoaaeyao 373rd wahi.

ka hopena

International? Acaeoey kapa a hana ma ka lehulehu a me ka paulele i ka hoʻomana i ka hoʻolālā i ka mea i paipai i ka waiwai a me ka nohona holomua o nā lāhui kanaka. Lakou i hui pu iho la ka ia hana. Akā, i kekahi olelo hooholo o ia ka hui hiki e? Ee i ka 'oihana aina a me ka mea kiʻekiʻe loa helu o ka balota.