Ka hoʻokukeʻana LEDs hookomoia ma ka latike 220

Ka mea, ua lilo loa kaulana ho'ā nā alakaʻi kukui. Ka mea mea i kēiaʻaoʻao pale mea e ikaika wale lawa, akā, i kāki-ka hoʻokō. Light-K'lauea diodes - he mea uholo uila diode i loko o ka pīlali wahī.

Initially ka mea, ua kokoke nawaliwali a me ka pipiʻi. Akā, ma hope o ka? Iecaianoaaiiie i ua palapala i ka loa olinolino keokeo a me ka uliuli diodes. Ma ka manawa lākou market uku haule iho la. I ka manawa, eia LEDs o kekahi kala like 'ole, a ua i ke kumu no ka hoʻohana' ana i ia mau mea i loko o nā kula. Mau D. nāʻaoʻao pale o kekahi lumi, kau iho ka hōʻike 'ana a me ka signage, me ka hoʻohana' ana o ke alanui i nā hōʻailona, a kalepa ae kukui ma ke kāpena, a me ka headlights o kaa, lawe lima kaul, a no laila, ma luna o.

hōʻikeʻano

LEDs hoʻopau wahi ikaika iki kou, a me ka hopena i kaʻaoʻao pale ua ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kūapoʻana i ka mua na malamalama kumu. I ka hana kūikawā hale kūʻai, e hiki ke kuai i keʻano o nā 'ikamu ma muli LED kau iho, HEN, mai kaʻike mau kukui, a alakaiia e hoomaemae ia, hoʻopau alakaiia Panel. I mai la lakou a pau i loko o na mea i kā lākou pili pono i ka pono o 12 a me 24 V.

Haʻalele nā kukui kumu e hoʻohana i ka paio hahana maoli nō hehee ai ua noi i kekahi mea uholo uila inoaia i paha ke'ōnohi pāhawewe ma lalo o ka aoao o kaʻikena.

E maopopo i ka puni ana o LEDs 220 hookomoia ma ka mea ulana pukapuka, e pono e hoʻomaka i ka olelo i ka mea e ole e hiki i ka ai ana mai o ka mea ulana pukapuka. No laila, e hana me ka LEDs Pono e hahai aku i kekahi kaʻina o ko lākou pili i ka mea kiʻekiʻe-anakahi uila i ulanaʻia.

Ka pou waiwai o LEDs

Ka papa-anakahi uila ano o ka LED - ka mea,ʻo kekahi me laina. Ia mea, ina e hoonui i ke anakahi uila ma ka liʻiliʻi loa he uuku, a laila, e mahuahua ikaika ma ka pono, i kēia makemake entail i ka overheating o ka LED, i ukali ia e ka burnout. E pale i kēia, e pono e hookomo ma ka huakai kaapuniʻikena ke kaupalenaʻana mea pale mū holapū.

Akā, ia mea nui,ʻaʻole e hoʻopoina e pili ana i ka mea i kā mākou aʻe anakahi uila alakai 20 V. Ina o ka pili a hiki i ka polarity reversal aʻeo ka hoʻolele 'e Peak oia anakahi uila o 315 volts, i mea 1,41 manawa hou ma mua o kaʻikena. Ka mea o ia ka papa pukapuka o 220 volts AC, a ia initially hele i kekahi ala e hiki aku, a laila, hoʻi hou.

I mea e pale akuʻikena kēia i loko o ka kekahi ala o ke alakaʻi pilina huakai kaapuni pono e like penei: he diode kaapuni ua huli ia. He i ole e hala ka nana e hoole anakahi uila. Ma kēia pilina i ke e ia laua.

Kekahi alakaʻi huakai kaapuni a ka hoʻololiʻana aʻeo ka hoʻolele '220 o ka mea hoʻonoho o nā Anati-laua LEDs.

Like no ka papa kuhikuhiE mana lako me kahe mai ana he mea pale mū holapū, ia mea i ka pono koho. No ka mea, o ka mea pale mū holapū, e haawi aku i ka mana ikaika. No ka laʻana, ka wā hoʻohana 24 kOhm mea pale mū holapū, ka mana dissipation mea o ka hola 3 watts. A hiki aku i ka hopena ua mana diode paka ua ma ka hapalua. Nana e hoole anakahi uila ma luna o ka diode e e like me 400 V. I komo elua e ku pono ana LED, e hiki i elua dvuhvattnyh mea pale mū holapū. Lākou ia'ku pono e palua i emi. He hiki ia ia ma kekahi hihia elua nā pōaka o kekahi mau waihoʻoluʻu. Nō kāu, he hookahi aniani o kaʻulaʻula, ka mea'ē aʻe'ōmaʻomaʻo.

Ma ka hihia ma ka mea pale mū holapū o 200 ohms, ua i koi 'ia i ke alo o ka hoopakele diode, mai ka mea pono i loko o ka aʻe papa o ka poe liilii, a me ka e ole i ka make ana o ke aniani. Kēia noaia o ka hoʻi o LEDs ma ka mea ulana pukapuka, he hoʻokahi drawback - he uuku ÷ pu u kukui aa pono ana. Ua hiki ke hoʻohana ', e laʻa me, no ka mea, i loko o kau iho kuapo.

Aie i ka mea i ka mea pono ma ka AC ka papa kuhikuhi, ka mea e leie aku oe, e pale hoʻokali kūpono 'ke kālā o ka uila no ka paio hahana maoli nō i ka lewa ma ka mea o ke kaupalenaʻana mea pale mū holapū. Me keia i ka hanaia Makuakane mea pihana. Ma hope o nā mea a pau,ʻo ia misses ka alternating pono a me ka mea i 'enaʻena.

He nui no ka hoomanao i ka condenser pono kekahi o na papa kuhikuhiE hapalua kalapona, no laila, e ka mea, ua hiki ke hele i alternatingʻikena. A mahope mai o ka LED e lawelawe ai wale i kekahi ala e hiki aku, ia mea e pono ke waiho i kaʻike mau diode (alakaʻi'ē aʻe hou) Anati-laua alakai. A laila, e halaʻo ia i ka lua o ka hapalua wā.

A pau ka huakai kaapuni ka hoʻololiʻana aʻeo ka hoʻolele 'alakai 220 ua huliʻia, ke anakahi uila ma luna o ka mea pihana e noho. I kekahi manawa, a hiki i ka piha ikaika hawewe o 315 V. Ua Hoʻoweliweli 'hahauʻikena. E pale i kēia, e pono e hoomakaukau i hou i ka mea pihana, a hookuuia mea pale mū holapū mai he nui maka waiwai, i loko o ka hihia o ka disconnection, mai ka mea ulana pukapuka koke hookuuia ka mea pihana. Ma keia mea pale mū holapū i kona maʻamau hana, he lua i pele uuku, mai hoʻa'ā i ia.

No ka palekana i ka lāʻau ikiʻai wale kauoha aku la i kaʻikena a me ka kaula hō'ā i waiho haahaa ia'ku mea pale mū holapū. Ka mea pihana pono e hookupu, i ua papahana no ka alternating he kaapuni i ole e emi malalo o 250 V, a me 400 V.

Noaia papahana pili o ke alakaʻi ÷ pu u kukui komo ai i ka mea hoʻonoho o ka helu ana o LEDs e pili ana i ka moʻo. No keia hana, wale kekahi ee diode.

Mai ke anakahi uila kulu ka emi ana o ka pono ma ka mea pale mū holapū, mai ka mana kumu pono e unuhi mai i ka huina anakahi uila e like ma na LEDs.

He pono e waiho aku i ka diode i pōpilikiaʻikena like paha i ka mea pono e kahe ana ma ka LEDs, a me ka pono e like me ka huina o na aʻo nui ma luna o nā LEDs ka aʻe anakahi uila. He pono e hoʻohana i kekahi i ka helu ana o LEDs, a, e hoʻohui iā lākou i loko o antiparallel.

I kekahi lei hiki e oi aku mamua o umi LEDs. No ka ho omaulia i ka mea pihana, pono e unuhi mai ka piko anakahi uila latike 315 i loko o ka nui o ke anakahi uila kulu o LEDs. E like me ka hopena, ua loaʻa mai i ka helu o ke anakahi uila e like ma ka mea pihana.

Alakai Manoukian hewa

• Ke kuhihewa mua - kēia mea, i ka wa o ka LED ua pili me ka hooki, pololei a hiki i ke kumu. Ma keia hihia i ke alakaʻi loa koke ole, ma muli o ia i ka nele o ka mana hoʻomalu ma luna o ka nui o kaʻikena.
• Ka lua o ka hewa - ka pilina i ka mea e like me ka mea pale mū holapū LEDs hoonohonoho i loko o laua. Aie i ka mea i loaʻa ka mea oko a kiko'î, olinolino LEDs'ā e e okoa. Oae, ma ka hihia i kekahi o na LEDs pau, ma laila e lilo ka hua o ka lua LEDʻikena, ma muli o ia i ka mea hiki ke puhi. No laila, i ka wa a ka mea pale mū holapū ua hoʻohana ', e mea pono e hoʻohui i nā LEDs ma ka hopena ua. Ua apono 'oe, e malama i ka ia pono i loko o ka i ka ho omaulia ana o ka mea pale mū holapū, a kau i ka LED anakahi uila.
• Ke kolu o kuhihewa - keia mea i ka wa a na LEDs, a i mau hōʻailona ma luna o ka okoa pono, loaʻa i ka moʻo. 'O kēia ke kumu i kekahi o ia mau mea, e kuni i ka mea haʻahaʻa, a me ka hope versa - e hana no ka Wear.
• Ka ha kuhihewa - mea e hoʻohana i kekahi mea pale mū holapū kona ia'ku Ua lawa ponoʻole. No ka mea, o keia, ka pono e kahe ana ma ka LED, ka mea e paha eʻoi aku nui. Kekahi o ka ikehu i ke kiekie anakahi uila, huli e hoʻa'ā i, kūpono i overheating o ke aniani, a he nui ka ho'ēmiʻana o kona maikaʻi kēia ola. Ke kumu no keia - puka olu oia mā. Inā ke anakahi uila mahuahua no hoi, a me ka pa-N-hoʻololi Kapikoowākea i, ka mea e alakai ai i ka emi ma na quantum ka hoʻokōʻana. E like me ka hopena o ka haule ana o ka LED olinolino, a me ke aniani e e koiia mai e ka make.
• Lima o ka hewa - alakaʻi iā 220V, i mea nui na mea kaapuni i ole nana e hoole anakahi uila mokuna o lākou. ʻO kā mākou allowable aʻe anakahi uila no ka hapanui LEDs - ma kahi o 2 V, a me ka nana e hoole anakahi uila hapa-kalapona hopena ma luna o ke anakahi uila kulu, i mea like me ke kokuaia mai e anakahi uila ka wā Palekana LED.
• Ke ono kumu - mea e hana i kekahi mea pale mū holapū, kona mana mea,ʻaʻole lawa. Kēia ka hoʻonāukiukiʻana ikaika hahana maoli nō kēia mea pale mū holapū a me ke kaʻina hana o ka heheʻe'īpale, i epa a me kona pilina. A laila, hoʻomaka e e puhi HW, a ma lalo o ka aoao o ke kiʻekiʻe mahana e hele mai ana ka luku. A pau ma muli o ia ka mea i ka mea pale mū holapū dissipates wale i ka 'auhau no i ka mea i hoʻololi i.

Ke ano o ka hoʻi o ka ikaika loa LED

E hoʻohui kiʻekiʻe-mana LEDs Pono e hoʻohana i ka AC / DC-converters, ma i hale lio auaiaeaʻikena. Kēia, e kōkua i ka haʻalele i ka hoʻohana 'ana o resistors a IC LED O Keaukaha. I ka Ia manawa, ua hiki e kekahi mea e pili ana no na LEDs, heʻoluʻolu hoʻohana o ka'ōnaehana a emi i ka waiwai e lilo aku.

Ma mua o mākou e huli ai i ka papa kuhikuhiE mana LEDs, hoʻopaʻa i ka pono o ko lākou pili i ka mana lako. Mai i hoʻohui i ka'ōnaehana i ka mana lako, i mea ma lalo o hoʻopilikia, ai ole ia, e alakai i ka hoʻokō 'ole' ana o ka LEDs.

5050. ano o LEDs. Ke ano o ka inclusion

No ka haʻahaʻa-mana LEDs i kekahi LEDs i ili mauna (SMD). Loa pinepine, ka mea, e hoʻohana 'ia ka mālamalama i ke pihi ma ka lawe lima kelepona a no Nani Loa alakai loloa.

LEDs 5050 (tipokorpusa nui: 5 mm o 5) - i mea uholo uila malamalama kumu, a pololei anakahi uila 1,8-3,4 V a me ka pololei he mana i kela a me keia aniani - 25 Ma. Ka makamake nui o alakai SMD 5050 moe i loko o ka mea i kā lākou kūkulu ninoieo aʻekolu nā pōaka, i ae i ka LED kī ana mau waihoʻoluʻu. Ka mea, i kapaʻia RGB-LEDs. Ei? Ia ua i ka wela-hoʻopale ea. Ka maka aniani He aniani moakaka lakou hoopuehu, a hōʻailonaʻia me ka pīlali.

I ka LEDs 5050, e hana like loa me hiki, ka mea pono e pili ana i ka palena iki e kū'ē'ē mai ma ka moʻo. No ka mea, i kā mākou pono o kēlā me kēia kaapuni i loko o ke kaulahao maikaʻi hoʻohui i kaʻawale mea pale mū holapū.

Papa kōnane e Desha i keʻano LEDs

A a ua lalapa alakai - he LED, i ua i loko iho i loko o ka noniakahi lāʻau ikiʻai wale mīkini hana wāwahie. Alapine (frequency) o ka uwila ia mea mai ka 1.5 hiki i 3 Hz.

I loko nō o ka mea i ka a ua lalapa alakai olelo hoopomaikai lawa, ka mea, ua neo? Aaiiai? Mea uholo uila inoaia oscillator, a me nā kumumea ia ia.

Like no me ka huali, LED anakahi uila, ia mea paʻa a me ke ĸokoĸa ana nä pane. No ka laʻana, no ka kiʻekiʻe-Z He 14 volts, a me ka haʻahaʻa-anakahi uila 1,8-5 volts.

Alaila, i ka maikaʻi e like ai keʻano LED e like, ma ka hou ana i ka poe liilii, ka nui a me ka malamalama ka hōʻikeʻana manaʻo ka olelo hoopomaikai, a aole nae he palahalaha huahelu o ka allowable anakahi uila. Eia hou, ka mea hiki ke hoʻokuʻu akula kekahi mau waihoʻoluʻu.

Ma kekahi mau 'ano o keʻano LEDs i hookomoia ma kahi o ekoluʻokoʻa nā pōpō LEDs mea iʻokoʻa alapine (frequency) o outbreaks.

Blinking LEDs no hoi o kona kulana kāki-ka hoʻokō. Ka mea i ka lolouila kaapuni o ka LED ua i i ka MOSFETs, ma lailaʻoaka o diode hiki auou caiaiai ma ka hookahi ooieoeiiaeuiiai pa alima. Aie i na Ana uuku o keʻano LEDs mea pinepine ia ma ka olelo hoopomaikai maalea, e hiki noi uuku radioactive hehee wale.

I ke kiʻikuhi, me ka huali, LED Hōʻike ka like me maʻamau, me ke koe wale nō i loko o ka mea i ka poʻe mea i pono i ka laina pololei a me ka lele aku auanei. Penei, ka mea, ho i ka blinking LED.

Ma ka aniani moakaka hihia huali, LED hōʻike i ka mea, he a mau wahi. Aia, ma ka hopena maikaʻi kaupoku o ka cathode waihona ipu mea he malamalama K'lauea diode? Inoaia, a me ka anode maʻi ke aupuni 'mīkini hana wāwahie? Inoaia.

I pili i nā eiiiiiaiou o ka mea hoʻohana ekolu gula uea jumpers. Eʻike mai ka mau huali, LED, nui e ike i ka malamalama ka aniani moakaka kino. Aia hiki e ike elua like ka nui kūpapakū.

Ma kekahi kūpapakū ka mea pōaka kupa malamalama emitter. Ua ninoieo o ka ke nānā honua oka a pau. I mea e hoʻonui ai i ka malamalama ia auoiaea a kālele ana me pono me ka hoʻohana 'ana i kekahi beamforming parabolic Aluminum reflector. Kēia reflector huali, LED mea uuku ma mua mau. O ke kumu ho i ka mea i ua ka nenelu loa o ka lua o ka hapalua iwi me ka IC.

i launa Ma waena o kēia mau substrates a me nā gula uea jumpers. Me ka pili ana i ka hale noho huali, LED, ka mea hiki e i ka diffuser a matte lula ea, a me ka aniani moakaka ea.

Aie i ka mea i ka emitter huali, LED mea,ʻaʻole ma ka iho (axis) o symmetry o ka hale, no ka hana ana i kaʻaʻahu hoʻomālamalama mea pono e hoʻohana i ka monolithic eiei? Waihoʻoluʻu puluniu.

Ke alo aku o ka aniani moakaka kino hiki ke loaʻa wale i ka blinking LEDs o nui anawaena, a i kekahi wahi paiki pāhawewe kumu.

No ka mea, ka mea kiʻekiʻe-alapine oscillator maupaʻa i ka mīkini hana wāwahie huali, alakaʻi. Kona hana mea ikaika, a me ke alapine (frequency) o ma kahi o 100 kHz.

A me ke kiʻekiʻe-alapine mīkini hana wāwahie mea hou operable mahele waiwai kūpili hehee wale. Ia, ma ka huli, hanaʻia i ka papa o ka kiʻekiʻe alapine (frequency) i 1.5-3 Hz. Ke kumu no ka olelo ana me ke kiʻekiʻe-alapine (frequency) mīkini hana wāwahie mea he alapine (frequency) mahele waiwai ia no ka haʻahaʻa-alapine (frequency) oscillator pono i ka mea pihana me ka 'auhau nui no ka manawa-okoʻa no ka manawa huakai kaapuni.

Ka lawe ana mai i kekahi kiʻekiʻe-alapine (frequency) 1-3 Hz pono mahele waiwai ma Logical hehee wale. Akā, lawa no ia hiki maʻalahi e pili ana i ka uuku wahi o ka mea uholo uila inoaia. Ma ka mea uholo uila kūpapakū, ma ka hou ana i ka mahele waiwai, a me ka haku alapine mīkini hana wāwahie, mea he aiiay diode a me ka uila kī. A ke kaupalenaʻana mea pale mū holapū ua hoohui ia ma kaʻoaka o LEDs, a e ho omaulia i ke anakahi uila o 3 i 12 volts.

Low anakahi uila a ua lalapa LEDs

Like no me ka haʻahaʻa-anakahi uila alakai blinking, a laila ka mea, e ole i ka ke kaupalenaʻana mea pale mū holapū. A hiki aku i ka mana polarity reversal palekana diode pono. Ua ua pono, e pale aku i ka auoiaea huakai kaapuni ole.

I ka hana o ka kiʻekiʻe-huali, LEDs ua lōʻihi, a hele aku la smoothly, i ke kokuaia mai e anakahi uila pono i oi aku mamua o 9 volts. Inā ke anakahi uila, piʻi pū, e hoomahuahua i kaʻoaka o alakaiia mana dissipation, a e alakai i ka hahana maoli nō kēia o ka mea uholo uila inoaia. A laila, i ka LED e hoʻomakaʻoaka o hoʻololi iho ma muli o ke excessive paio hahana maoli nō.

I ka wa e pono ai, e kaha i ka serviceability o huali, LED, ma ka mea e hana i kēia maluhia, e hiki ke hoʻohana i ka na pu ki aloha ma 4.5 volts, a e pili ana ma ka moʻo me ka alakaʻi mea pale mū holapū o 51 ohms. Mana resistors e ia ma ka liʻiliʻi loa 0,25 watts.

ka piʻiʻana LEDs

Mea hoʻonoho o LED - he mea nui pukana no ka poe noonoo ole no i ka mea, ua pololei e pili ana i kā lākou viability.

Mai LED a? Inoaia e ole makemake kūpaʻa, a me ka overheating, ka mea, he pono ke solder wahi like 'āwīwī i hiki, i oi aku mamua o elima kekona. Pela ka mea, mea pono e hoʻohana haʻahaʻa-mana soldering hao. kōkua mahana E i oi aku mamua o 260 degere.

I ka soldering mea hou aku e hiki ke hoʻohana i ka 'inikua forceps. Alakai forceps clamped kokoke i ke kino, no laila, i ka wā soldering hana hou wela ana mai o ka? Inoaia. I ka mea alakaʻi wāwae mea i wāwahiʻia, ka mea pono ole Lena nō he nui loa. Ka mea, e e laua i kekahi i kekahi.

I mea e pakele overloading ka huakai kaapuni a noonoo pono, e hoʻolako i ke kaula hō'ā.

E hoohauhee ana i pahee hoʻomaka LEDs

'O ke'ano o ka ho'ololi māmā a me ka wehe'ana i nā diodes e mālamalama-emitting - i kaulana i waena o nā mea'ē a'e, nā mea ho'okele ka'a i ka makemake, e makemake ana e ho'olele i kā lākou ka'a. Hana'ia kēia mālama e ho'omālamalama i ka moku ka'a. Akā,'a'ole kēia wale nō ka noi o ia mea. Ho'ohana'ia ho'i ia ma nā wahi'ē a'e.

'O kahi ma'amau no ka ho'ololi pono'ana o ka LED e pono ke kau i kahi transistor, kekahi capacabili,'elua pāku'i a me nā LED. Pono pono e koho i nā kū'ē i kēia mau lā, e hiki ai iā ia ke holo i kahi 20 mA o kēlā me kēia mela o nā LED.

'A'ole e ho'opau'ia ka ho'olālā no ka ho'ololi māmā'ana a hemo o nā LED i waho o ka hiki'ana o ke kaha. 'O ia ka mea nāna e'ae i ka'ohi'ana. Pono ka transistor he pnp-kahua. A o ka mea e hoemi nei i ka Luna Dute aole ia e emi malalo o 100 mA. Inā ka noaia mea pahee hoʻomaka 'LEDs hoakoakoa pono, i ke kumu hoohalike o ke kaa Kalaiaina kau iho no 1 kekona, e e palupalu hoʻomaka' LEDs, a ma hope o panina o ka puka - ala apuupuu shutdown.

Ho'ohui hou'ia o nā LED. 'O ke kumuhana

'O kekahi o nā mālamalama mālamalama me ka ho'ohana'ana i nā LED a lākou ke komo'ana. Kapa'ia ia he ahi e'ā ana. Aia kekahi'ano kaapuni mai kahi pūnaewele mana mana. No ka ho'olālā'ana, ho'ohana'ia kekahi loiloi ma'amau, e hā'awi ana i ka mana i nā mea'ē a'e i kēlā me kēia LED.

E no'ono'o i kahi'ōnaehana i loko o'elua microcircuits a me nā transistors he'umi, a ua hui pū lākou me ka oscillator, ka mana a me ka kuhikuhi'ana iā ia iho. Mai ka huahana o ka oscillator makai, ua lawe'ia ka pulse i ka pūnaewele,'o ia ho'i kekahi pākuhi decimal. A laila, hele ka volter i ke kumu o ka transistor a wehe'ia. 'O ka anode o ka LED ke ho'ohui'ia i ka hopena o ke kumu mana, e alaka'i ana i kahi moli.

'O ka lua o ka pulse e ho'opili i ka pūnaehana i ka puka pūnaewele hou, a'o ka pele ha'aha'a e hō'ike i ka mua ae pani i ka transistor, i ka hopena o ka hemo'ana o ka LED. A laila aia nā mea a pau ma ke'ano ho'okahi.