Ka manaʻoi hapa o ka olelo. Pela 'nui mau māhele o ka hua'ōlelo

Morphemic Ka Ikepili o nā hua'ōlelo - kekahi o ka loa pilikia, a aole nae pehea pololei 'ia o lalau i ka manaʻoi ka hapa o ka hua'ōlelo hilinaʻi nui ma luna o kona pololei pela. Morpheme komo i loko o ke kahua o ka hou hua'ōlelo, ua hōʻike lākou mau inoa ma ke kumu o ka hua'ōlelo ho okumu. Këia i nā hua'ōlelo 5th papa, laila, i loko o ka hiku, ka mea i hai hou i loko o ke ao o ka theme like "olelo ho okumu". E like me 'oe ke ike, ike morphemics - kekahi o ka hale ālai' ia i ke kūkulu 'ōlelo. Pela 'hoʻoholo kulana pili i nā morphemes, stress, a me lexical manaʻo phonemes i e mai. Mea o ia hoʻi, nui loa o ka olelo, i ka mea e, pehea e kākau, hōʻike i loko o kēia 'atikala.

Morphemics - 'epekema e pili ana i na hapa o ka olelo

Morphemics hapa o ka 'epekema o ka' ōlelo me ka hahau i Pilikanaka no ka nui loa o ka hua'ōlelo pākahi, e like me ka haku mele 'ana o ka hoailona. Morpheme - he nui loa o ka olelo, i hoʻoholo kona waiwai. I ka mole a me ke kau hope paha, pākuʻina kau a me ka hope, i ka hookumu ana - e Aloha morpheme.

E ho oka awale i nā hua'ōlelo ma ke kūlana o ka olelo, e like me ka pono i ma luna o ke kahua ma ka pili ana i kekahi i kekahi. Kumu - keia mea no ka nui loa o nā hua'ōlelo ka manaʻoi. Ole ia, o ka hoailona hiki ole nei. He mea mau ma laila. Other mau māhele o ka olelo i kapaia pākuʻina. Ke kaumaha ma muli o ka kulana, ka mea, ua mahele ia i loko o prefixes (e kū ana i loko o ke alo o ke kumu) a me suffixes (aia ma hope o ke kumu) a me ka flexion. Ka mea, oko i loko o ke kūlana hoʻokaniʻia.

Kekahi morpheme komo i loko o ke kahua o ka hou hua'ōlelo, kau hope paha, pākuʻina kau. 'Ē aʻe (flexion) palapala grammatical' ano apau loa.

He aha ke ano o ka mea manao nui hapa o ka olelo? Ke pane Ua puni hoʻi - ka mea, he aha ka kona waiwai, grammatical paha lexical. Oe ke mahele i ka olelo i loko o māhele, syllables a syllables pae. Akā, i ka manaʻo o ka nui o ka pilina ka mea, i e ole.

mole

E ka hoʻomaka me ka mea nui loa me ka a, mai manao iki o ka olelo - kona kumu. Ua manao i ka papa kuhikuhiE lexical manaʻo.

A me ka manaʻo o ka morpheme pili loa - hookahi kumu olelo. Mau mea hoailona i i ka ia kumu. O cognate hua'ōlelo i hana lewa, nui a me ka meaʻuʻuku. Ke'ī mai, ma na olelo o ka hū wale kekahi kumu i olelo - hū. A me ka hua'ōlelo hoku pūnana nui aku: he hoku, he hoku, interstellar, huihui, a he nui na mea e ae.

E kaʻawale i ke kumu mea pono e hoakaka i ka lexical ano o ka olelo. No laila, like me kani olelo ke i kekahi mau aʻa: ke anu i loko o ka manaʻo o ka malamalama hau paa, a drizzle i loko o ka waiwai o ka drizzle. Ma ka hihia mua o ka lāhui 'ōiwi -moroz-, i loko o ka lua - -moros-. E like me 'oe ke ike, nui māhele o ka hua'ōlelo pela, a oi loa aku hoi i ka aa, pili kēia hilinaʻi nui ma luna o lākou mea e manaʻo ai, a lexical manaʻo.

Aia mau no hoi nunui-kuaiia kumu ae. No laila, -vod- kumu ma ka liʻiliʻi mau manaʻo. Inā mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i na olelo e kipaku, auaiaea, alakaʻi mele, ke kēpau pōkā, i kēia kumu Kû ka hana. Ma ka olelo o ka wai, i ka wai, i ke kumu o ka na ano he waiwai -vod- Kû ke affiliation i ka wai.

orfogrammy mole

Mole - he ka manaʻoi hapa o ka olelo, he pela i pono e lawe me ka malama. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ka mea, ua papapau pu na kumu o lexical manaʻo. Aia i kekahi mau orfogramm keia morpheme. Ka mea, e pili ana i ka alternating leo o vowels a me consonants, e like me ka poe graphemes i i scanned ikaika kūlana.

Aʻa me alternating vowels e hoomanao. Nui hiki ke maheleia i loko o kekahi mau kumu:

1. E hōʻoia i ka kulana o ka stress. No laila, i loko o ka aa -gar - / - gor- palapala palapala a me ka 'aloʻahia, ma nā mea a pau nā hihia - o: puhi, Hoa. Na ia mau aʻa -zar - / - Zor; -klan - / - klon-; -tvar - / - makakū.
2. E kaha makau i ukali ma ka palapala. It aʻa -lag- (i) / - wahahee; -kas- (He) / - CBS; -rast - / - rasch - / - ros-, e like me ka nui o na aa me ka alternation E / a: -ber - / - Beereseba; -der - / - dir-; Perot - / - PIR a me na mea e ae. Ano he kumu hoʻohālike: manaoio / i; nano / nano; mea kanu / mahiʻai / moe; lawe / I lawe aku.
3. Kulana kupono makau kuhohonu ana. Huli i ka'ōlelo i kani ua unstressed: lanakila '- lanakila' ana. Hope - o ka hōʻoia hua'ōlelo i loko i ka palapala, e ku ana ma ka kŰia kulana.

Like no ka mea unpronounceable consonants, mea, e kaha i ke koi 'ia palapala, e pono e' imi i nā hua'ōlelo a hiki i ka pae o ka luawai i nele i ka lohe: hoʻopono - hanohano. Ka lua o ka hua'ōlelo - hōʻoia.

pau

Ka pau '- formative hapa o ka olelo. Ua expresses kona grammatical manaʻo (hoohanau, helu, hihia). Ua hiki e 'Aʻohe.

Me kekahi māhele o ka olelo ana mai, mai pū nā loli i loko o ka grammatical palapala - ka mea,ʻaʻole loa e pau. Hahao ai i loko o kēia mau wahi o ka olelo 'Aʻohe pau ana - he ahailono. Ua hōʻike i kanaka e hoomaopopo mai i keia expresses kekahi manaʻoi hapa o ka olelo. Mau mea i ka aina o ka olelo, e like me:

• Adverb.
• Gerund.
• A uuku pūʻulu o invariable haʻiʻano (beige).
• I ka mau loa ana o ka haʻiʻano.
• A uuku pūʻulu o possessive pronouns (ia, ia).

Ke'ī mai, ma ka hua'ōlelo "hale" - he 'Aʻohe welau, e like me ia ma ka hua'ōlelo "mahope o kona" pau ma laila, no ka mea, o ka adverb - invariable hapa o ka olelo.

E pono kuhikuhi i ka hopena, e mea pono e hoʻololi i ka olelo ma ka hoopii, kanaka a helu. I ka hapa o ka olelo, a ma keia hihia loli aʻe a e pau: mele - Ia lā, mele, a me ka hīmeni, a me ka hīmeni, a ma luna o nā mauna, akā, i nā mauna, ka, la mauna.

pela 'a hāʻule pahū wale

Pono, kulana kupono paha i ka pau ana o ka palapala o ka haʻiinoa like penei: ia mea e pono ke hooholo i ka declination pololei. Ka mua emi ma ka dative Plural ka haʻiinoa a me prepositional komo ai kākau i ka pau -e: i ka pa-e, pa-e. Ia aole i pili i ka haʻiinoa pau ma ka -iya.

Apana declension a hāʻule pahū wale -e pono prepositional wale: o ka hale-e-e o ke ao. Ka hoʻokoe '- hua'ōlelo pau ma ka like / -ie: he planetarium, he hooilina.

Ekolu declension pono paʻa mau Plural ka haʻiinoa i loko o ka dative, genitive a prepositional: he kaikamahine o kona makuwahine.

Like no ka mea pilikino a hāʻule pahū wale o ka verb, he mea pono e hooholo i ka pololei conjugation: ma ka hopena aʻu e komo i ka palapala e ka 'ole y me (w) (-esh / -ete / Ym, etc.). Ano he kumu hoʻohālike: pash-ai pash-ete, pash Ut.

I II conjugation - na palapala, a me ka (I) (-ish / -ite / -AT listen'ōlelo.). Ano he kumu hoʻohālike:'ō-Iseboseta, ite-moe, kīkoʻo-HI.

Ka pākuʻina kau a kau hope

Kekahi nui hapa o ka olelo 'ole i loko o ke kahua o ka hou? Kēia pākuʻina kau a kau hope. Hooluolu mai - mea he nui loa o ka olelo, i ku ma ke alo o ke kumu. Ke kau hope o ia mahope o lakou. No laila, mai na olelo a kekahi hoa me ke kōkua o nā prefixes oleʻenemi ho okumu i ka olelo, a ina ua hana -tuples kau hope paha, ke loaa i ka hua'ōlelo hoa. Hiki nō ke hoʻohana i nā morphemes elua, a laila e loaʻa i ka hua'ōlelo kaiāulu. Nā kiʻina hana hoʻohana i kapaia ka derivation pākuʻina kau mua, kau hope a me platformers-kau hope.

Ma waho aʻeo i ka formative hana, suffixes hiki i ka mōlina. Ke'ōlelo mai, no ka mea, o ka ho okumu ana o ka hala Makamae verb kau hope ua hoʻohana '-l- (Sang helu).

Pela 'suffixes o verbs

Orfogrammy i loko o ke kau hope i kokoke ma kēlā me kēia māhele o ka olelo. E ka loa hanohano mākou hoʻokolokolo ai.

Verbs Pono eʻike i ka keia mau rula:

1. -ova suffixes - / - eva-; -iva / -yva-. Pela 'ponopono ana ma ke ala i loko o ke kanaka mua o ka keia manawa e kū ana i loko o ka singular. Inā keia palapala ua hoʻohana '-s / -yuyu, ke kau hope ua ka pela -ova - / - eva-. I ole ia -iva - / - yva-.
2. Suffixes o verb 'ano apau loa - na mau Kakalema - e hooponoponoia ia mea, ma ka conjugation o ka verb, mai a na keia participle ua hana. Ka mua komo ai i ka conjugation -usch - / - yusch- lua o -asch - / - yasch-.

Pela 'adjective kau hope

adjective suffixes hahai i ka rula.

1. -ev suffixes - / - iv- kākauʻana e ke kulana kupono. Ke kulana ikaika o ka palapala ua palapala, a ma ka nāwaliwali - ke palapala e, no ka laʻana, maikai, kaua .. -chiv suffixes - / - ii iai e ke kākau i loko o kŰia, a me ka unstressed kūlana.
2. Pela 'N a nn ma ka adjective kau hope hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka' ole o nā hua'ōlelo, a me ka hoʻohana 'ana o ke kau hope. No laila, he olelo i hana mai i ka Misty kau hope N o ka hua'ōlelo noe. Palapala nn no ka mea, nn aia ma ka huina o nā morphemes. -onn adjective kau hope - / - enn- mau palapala me HH: hoʻokahuli aupuni ke ola.

Pela 'kau hope ka haʻiinoa

Record no ke alo orfogramm i loko o ke kau hope - noun. kēia mau rula:

1. Inā mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ke kau hope paha, IeOOAOeAAYAaE aoao, ma mua t, n, s, s, w, palapala -chik-. No ka laʻana, he kahu moku, he defector, anoaeuoiauo, akā, i ka lamplighter, ke ferryman. Ua E hoi e hoʻomanaʻo i ua palapala wale nō -tel- kau hope me ka E: kumu, mea aʻo.
2. A nui pūʻulu o diminutive suffixes, i pono ai i ka palapala noi o ka rula. Pehea ka mea, e pili ana me ka stress, a me ka loli ana o ka olelo palapala. -tuples suffixes - (- Hai) Onokov (-enok-) hilinaʻi ma ka stress. Ka ikaika kulana ua mau palapala e pili ana i: Galchonok, kushachok, akā, i ka kitten.
3. Hoʻololi i ka nana a me ke ano o ka olelo i loko o ka kēia hihia: -ek- paha -ik- ponopono like penei: waiho i ka olelo i loko o ka genitive. A'ōwili o ka palapala kākau -ek-, ole - -ik-. No kekahi laʻana: eke (ʻaʻoheʻekeʻeke), ke ki (ʻaʻohe kī). I ka lua o ka hihia i ka palapala a me ka lima hema, no laila ka mea, ua waiho ia ma ke kau hope. -ets kau hope - / - its- kikoo, i maopopo ai heihei. I na kanaka e -ets-, feminine a me ka neuter - -its-: kaikaina, akā, i ka wai i male.

pela 'hooluolu mai

Lua 'suffixes orfogrammy i hooluolu mai i ka ia i na wahi a pau o ka olelo.

1. Part o ka huapalapala-luna poho Pono e hoomanao i ka likeʻole o kā lākou palapala mea,ʻaʻole i loko o ka 'ōlelo Lūkini. Hapanui E lulu aku hoi: pela aku; ob-; Ke pili; mua; i kekahi. Ano he kumu hoʻohālike: e hele a puni, kuikui aku, kolo, kolo.
2. Divergent hooluolu pau i loko o ke / s mea pono, e kikoo i ke kaniʻana, i hoʻomaka me ke kumu. Inā me ka leo'ā'ā, leokanipū a vowel - kākau i kekahi o ole - me. Hea aku (s, i hoʻomaka me ke kumu, Kupanaha) ole ala (aa hoʻomaka me N kuli kani).
3. Inā ka mole hoʻomaka me, a me ka mea e auou caiaiai ia e mau, i ka hihia i ka wa a ka pākuʻina kau na welau o ka leokanipū. Ka Ike, unuhi, naʻaupō.
4. A kūikawā pūʻulu o prefixes pre- / pri-. Kā lākou palapala Ua kalele iho ma luna o ka lexicalʻano i keia morpheme expresses. No laila, inā mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka incompleteness o intimacy, a hoʻokokoke mai - e e kākau pri-. No ka laʻana, Hawaiian (ma ke kai), iki e wehe ae (aole i hiki maopopo hamama), e hele mai ana (kokoke).