Ka mua ana o Nine Inch mea kaua i loko o ke Kaua Honua I.

Kakahiaka ma ka April kakahiaka ma 1915 ma ka Kelemānia nā kūlana hana, kū'ē koa malu laina Entente he iwakalua kilomika, mai ke kūlanakauhale mai o Ypres (Pelekiuma), malamalama makani kukuluhema. A me ia i loko o ke ala o ka Ally auwaha Ua hoʻoneʻe kokeʻikeʻia anuanu yellowish-uliuli ao. I ia manawa, mau kanaka ike i ka mea i ka hanu o ka make, a me ka waiho pī 'ōlelo alo-laina hoike - ka mua hoʻohana o Nine Inch mea kaua ma ka Western Front.

Waimaka ma mua i ka make

Ia e loa kūlike loa, ka hoʻohana o Nine Inch mea kaua i loko o ka First World War , i lilo ai i ka 1914, a i keia palapala Initiative o ke Palani. Akā, laila, i ee aku i ka papa waimaka kinoea bromoacetate, Ua haawiia i ka pae ana o Nine Inch irritant,ʻaʻole lethal. Ka mea, he 26-millimeter grenades, i ka pūniu na 'auwaha Kelemānia i maona ae. I ka wā o ka hoolako ana i keia kinoea i hele mai i ka hopena, ka mea i UAIAaIN ma ka like ana chloroacetone.

Ma muli o, na kēia kanaka Kelemānia hoi mai i haha aku nae, e hooko me ka nui maliu loio i kūmau enshrined Haag Convention, i loko o ke kaua o Neuve Chapelle, e paa ana ia i loko o October o ka ia makahiki, no ka Beritania kī leho hoʻokomo akula me ka Nine Inch irritant. Naʻe, i ka wa a ka mea nele i ka hoʻokō kona noho pilikia lehulehu.

Penei, ka mea, ua i ka mea mua ana o Nine Inch mea kaua i loko o April 1915, akā, e like me ka mua kamalii, no ka make ana o na koa e ola ana o kaʻenemi hoʻohana make chlorine kinoea. Pepehi hopena ua nani loa. Hoʻokahi haneri a me kanawalu na tona o atomized Nine Inch konohiki koi i ke ola o ka elima tausani Ally na koa a me kekahi kanaka he umi tausani i ka polokalamu JavaScript ma ka hopena o kaʻapu kōheoheo hua. Ma ke ala, i ae ia e na kēia kanaka Kelemānia lakou iho. Hāpai i ka make ao hoopa aku la i ko lakou mau kae o ko lākou wahi, i ole maopopo hoomakaukau na defenders me ka kinoea ea paha. Ma ka mōʻaukala o ke kaua i hoʻohikiʻia kēia Episode he "ʻeleʻele i ka lā i loko o Ypres."

Hoomau iho la lakou hoʻohana o Nine Inch mea kaua i loko o ke Kaua Honua I.

Ke aikane, e kūkulu ma keia pomaikai, na kēia kanaka Kelemānia i ka hebedoma i loko o ka Apana Warsaw o hai Nine Inch kaua, i kēia manawa e ku ei ka Lūkini kaua. Here, make la nui e ohi ai, - elua oi aku haneri tausani pepehi a me kekahi mau tausani mumuku. Maoli ai, ka Entente aina ho'āʻo i ka ikaika e ku e ia ka hihia i 'aʻe' ana i nā loina o ke kānāwai, akā, Pelelina cynically aku la i ka Haag Convention o ka 1896 haawiia nahesa niho leho wale, i na kinoea lakou iho. Ka mea, ae aku, a i ole ho'āʻo i ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa - kaua mea mau hōʻole i ka hana diplomats.

Na Kekahi Mau 'o ia kaua weliweli

E like me pinepine ae la oia ua hoʻokoʻikoʻiʻia ma koa moʻolelo, ka First World War i hoʻomano hookama na nā kaʻa mokulele o positional hana ma i i maopopo hōʻikeʻia hoʻi i ka paa mua laina, mea i ka pilina paʻa, i ka pa apŘ o ka lehulehu o ka poʻe hao wale, a kiʻekiʻe 'enekinia, a me ka oaoieei kākoʻo.

He pili kēia hoemiia ka laulā o ka mea hana, mai ka manawa i halawai mai la me na kapa elua me ka ia'ku o ka ikaikaʻenemi pale aku ia lakou. Ke ala mai o ka impasse ke e wale nō naʻee tactical olelo hooholo, a me ka mea i ka mua hoʻohana o Nine Inch mea kaua.

A hou 'aoʻao o ke kaua hewa

Ka hoʻohana o Nine Inch mea kaua i loko o ke Kaua Honua I ua he nui HOU. I ka laulā o kona waiwai ma luna o kānaka i Ua loa pālahalaha. Like ike mai i ka hāʻawiʻia mai ma luna o ke Kaua Honua Episode, io mai ia mai nā polokalamu hoʻopilikia i kena chloroacetone,'eto bromoacetate a me ka helu o na mea e ae, e keʻano ukiuki, i make - phosgene, chlorine a me ka makeke.

I loko nō o ka mea i 'ikepili helu hōʻike i ka pili hoʻokau' o ka make Loaʻaʻia o ke kinoea (o ka huina helu loli - wale 5% o nā make), i ka helu o ka poe make, a me ka poe mumuku ua nui. Ua haawi mai ka mea kuleana e hoʻike ia i wehe i ka mua hoʻohana o Nine Inch mea kaua i ka hou mokuna o ke kaua hewa i loko o ka mōʻaukala o ke kanaka.

Ma nā kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao ma hope o ke kaua, ua hiki ke hoʻomohala, a hoʻokō i ka hoʻohana 'ana o ka lawa pono ka palekana i ka Nine Inch ho'āhewa wale' o nāʻaoʻaoʻelua. Keia ua i ka hoʻohana 'ana o ka emiʻawahia Luna pono a me ke kiʻekiʻe o alakai i ka abandonment o ko lākou mau palapala noi. Naʻe, ka mea, ua hele aku la ia ma ka moolelo like me ka ka wā mai ka 1914 a hiki i 1918 "kaua o na chemists," mai ka mua hoʻohana o Nine Inch mea kaua i loko o ke ao nei ua ma luna o kona kahua kaua.

I ka pōʻino o ka defenders o ka pā kaua o Osowiec

Akā hoʻi i ka chronicle o koa ana o ka wā. I ka hoʻomaka o Mei 1915 i ka Nine Inch ho'āhewa wale e ku e Lūkini pūʻali kaua e paku ana i ka pā kaua o Osowiec ke aupuni 'kanalima kilomika mai Bialystok (ka keia mokuna o Poland) i i e na kēia kanaka Kelemānia. E like me kaʻike maka, ma hope o hooloihi ae i shelling leho hoʻokomo akula me ka make 'ona, i waena o i i hoʻohana mau o ko lākou mau? Ueony, a pau e noho ana i kahi loihi, uaʻapu kōheoheo.

Pepehi ole wale kanaka a me na holoholona loaa i loko o ka ciia o ke ahi, akā, i nā mea kanu i ka lukuia. laau lau i loko o kona mau maka, huli yellow a me ka popopo, a me ka mauu uaʻeleʻele, a hina iho la ma ka honua. Ke ho film ua i ka io apocalyptic, a aole hoi e pono i loko o ka ike paka i ko ke kanaka maʻamau.

Akā, i ka loli ana, o ka papa, defenders o ka Susana. ʻO ka poʻe i pakele i ka make, ka hapanui o ia ehaeha loa'ā, a ua ai i mutilated. He ole coincidence lākou helehelena paipai i ka mea makau i ka enemi, i loko o ka mōʻaukala o ke kaua Lūkini counterattack, i kāpaeʻia i ka hopena o kaʻenemi, mai ka pā kaua i hele mai ma lalo o ka inoa "make hoouka."

Ulu, a hoʻomaka i ka hoʻohana 'ana o ka phosgene

Ka mua ana o Nine Inch mea kaua hoikeia mai i ka nui helu o kona oaoieei-hewa, i i eliminated ma 1915 ma ka pūʻulu o Farani chemists, alakaʻiʻia Viktorom Grinyarom. Ua lilo i ka hopena o kā lākou noiʻi he make hou hanauna o ke kinoea - phosgene.

Loa colorless, ma ka Akä naÿe i ka he omaomao iki-yellow chlorine, e haawi mai kona alo wale māhunehune perceptible ala'okaʻoka mauʻu, e ka mea pilikia, e huai ae. Ke hoʻohālikelike a me kona hoʻokomo, ka hou huina hoonui i ka kaʻawahia kiʻekiʻe, akā, i ka mea ia manawa no hoi i kekahi mau hewa.

Symptoms o kaʻapu kōheoheoʻana, a hiki i ka make ana o ka mea nāna, 'aʻole i hoʻomaka koke aku, a me ka lā ma hope o ka kinoea inhalation. Ua 'ae' o ka nahesa niho a me ka pinepine make i ka make ana o koa nō no ka manawa lōʻihi no ka lawe 'ana i loko o hostilities. Eia hou kekahi, phosgene ua loa ai kaumaha, a me ka hoʻoikaika 'ana i ka ka hoʻoneʻe ia i ke hui pu na mea a pau me ka ia chlorine. Kēia infernal ukuhiia i loaa mai ka Allies kapaia ka "White Star", e like me ka mea i kēia hōʻailona 'ae' hue i loaʻa ia.

diabolo His

Ma ka po o Iulai 13, 1917 ma ka Aaeuaeeneei kulanakauhale o Ypres, ua mua eo ka notorious, na kēia kanaka Kelemānia i i ka hana mua o Nine Inch mea kaua blister. Ma ka wahi o kona Debut, ka mea i kapa ia makeke kinoea. Kona lawe naʻu no laua, i ka Naita meʻawa yellow oily wai.

Ka hoʻohana a sinapi kinoea, a me ka nui o ka hoʻohana o Nine Inch mea kaua i loko o ka First World War, ua kekahi diabolō HOU. Kēia "e piʻi like o ka noho maikai ana" Ua hanaia no ka luku ana i ka ili, e like me ka pono me naehana hanu a me ka digestive. Mai kona waiwai i i hoola i kekahi koa i kaʻaʻahu,ʻaʻole hoʻi i kekahi ano o sīwila kapa. He komo iloko ma kekahi'aʻaʻa.

Ma kēlā mau makahiki, iʻaʻole i hua mai mākou i kekahi ike loea paha o ka palekana i ka hui 'ana me kona kino, a i ka hoʻohana' ana o ka makeke kinoea kokoke mana a hiki i ka hopena o ke kaua. Ua ka mua noi o keia waiwai, lawe mai la ia i elua a me ka hapalua tausani koa a me na ilamuku, o ka a he nui ka helu o ka make.

Kinoea,ʻaʻole e kolo ana ma ka honua

accidentally? ac? aaioea makeke Kelemānia chemists hana ole. Ka mua ana o Nine Inch mea kaua ma ka Western Front ike i ka hana waiwai - chlorine a me ka phosgene - i ka pono ole a me ka loa nui drawback. Ka mea, ua kaumaha ia ma mua lewa, a no ia mea, i loko o atomized palapala haule iho la, e hoopiha mai ana i ka 'auwaha a me nā holowaʻa. Loaa ia i loko o ia kanaka, loaa ae nei kaʻapu kōheoheo, akā,ʻo ka poʻe ma ka manawa o ke kaua ua ma luna o nā puʻu, pinepine koe unharmed.

E imi i ka nahesa niho kinoea me ka lalo kekahi umekaumaha a me ka hiki ana o ma ko kona mōhai ma kekahi pae. Ia, a hoomaka ae la e hōʻike 'ia ma July 1917 makeke. Ua pono e kaulana ua hookupaa i na chemists Pelekania kona haʻilula, aole i koke, a ma ka 1918 a hemo ka make mea i loko o ka? Iecaianoaaiiie, akā, nui-ka unahiʻole, i ka holo ana ma muli o ka elua mahina o ka truce. 'Eulopa hanu ana i kaniʻuhūʻana o ke kokua ia - poomuku, a mau ae la eha makahiki o ka First World. Ka hoʻohana o Nine Inch mea kaua ua lilo ia i mea pili 'ole, a me kona? Acaeoey ua manawa hoʻi i kāpiliʻia.

Ka hoʻomaka o ka pono o kaʻawahia waiwai ma ka Lūkini koa

Ka mua hihia o ka hoʻohana o Nine Inch mea kaua ma ka Lūkini kaua pili i ka 1915, ka wā ma lalo o ke alakaʻiʻana o Lutanela-General V. N. Ipateva i ana hoʻokō i ka polokalamu o? Iecaianoaaiiuo i loko o Rusia i kēiaʻano o ka mea pepehi. Eia naʻe, kona hoʻohana 'ana i laila, no ka ano o ka oaoieei-e ho'āʻo ai, a i ole hahai tactical mau hana. Wale o ka makahiki ma hope, ma ka hopena o ka hana ma luna o ka manaʻo o nā Aey? Acaeoey i? Iecaianoaaiiie, hana ma keia wahi, ua he manawa kūpono o ko lākou hoʻohana ma ke alo.

Full ana o koa Aey? Acaeoey, ka pukaʻana, mai lulu popilikia keʻena hoʻokolohua, hoomaka ae la ma ke kauwela o 1916, i ka mea kaulana Brusilov Ua Hopu. Kēia hanana hoʻolako ka manawa e kuhikuhi i ka makahiki o ka i mua o Nine Inch mea kaua ma ka Lūkini kaua. Ua ua ike ia i ka hakakā ana hoʻohana mea kaua pūpū, hoʻokomo akula kńnaka kinoea make a me kaʻawahia chloropicrin - vensinitom a me ka phosgene. E like me ka palapala hoike, kuhikuhi i ka Main kaua mau luna 'oihana, no ka hoʻohana o Nine Inch lako kaua ua "he hana nui no ke kaua."

Gloomy War 'ikepili helu

Ka mua ana o Nine Inch mea kaua i ka First World War ua he disastrous precedent. Ma mahope makahiki, kona hoʻohana 'ia' ole wale hoʻonui, akā, no hoi ua undergone he qualitative loli. Summing i ke kaumaha 'ikepili helu o ka eha makahiki koa, ua papapau pu na moʻolelo i loko o kēia wā o ka kaua aoao elua i i ole e emi malalo o 180 tausani. Na tona o Nine Inch mea kaua, o ka a ma ka liʻiliʻi loa 125 e Iesu ke. Tona loaʻa lākou ala. Ma ke kahua kaua ka mea i ho'āʻo 40ʻano o ka nahesa niho waiwai a i lawe mai ka make a me ka eha 1,3 miliona koa a me civilians loaa i loko o ka wahi o ko lākou mau palapala noi.

Aula koe undigested

Inā manaʻo kanaka ua aoia hoi he kohu kūpono haʻawina mai nā hanana o ia mau makahiki, a ina paha o ka lā o ka i mua o Nine Inch mea kaua i kaʻeleʻele i ka lā i loko o kona mōʻaukala? Ka apuepue. A me keia la, hoʻowahāwahā kūwaho hoʻi kānāwai e papa aku i ka hoʻohana 'ana o kaʻawahia waiwai, i na arsenals o ka hapanui na lahuikanaka o ka honua piha o ko lākou mau mea hou Aey? Acaeoey, a increasingly i loko o ka ahakanaka he mau papa hoike o kona hoʻohana i loko o nā wahi likeʻole o ke ao nei. Kanaka neʻe steadily ma ke alanui o ka pakiko-ka make, ignoring i ka hoao ana awaawa o mua hanauna.