Ka wai huikala, mai kaumaha ke hooheheeia: ki ina hana like a me na mea paahana

Ka wai huikala, mai kaumaha ke hooheheeia, i lana ai, mea nui he ololi, e loaa makaukau-i-pomaikai, maʻemaʻe a me ka noho malie hoi i kanaka loli. Ma ka mea kaumaha ke hooheheeia e Nine Inch oihana mua i i mea hao waiwai , a pela e komo ai i ka nui'ātoma kaumaha.

Ka mea, ua loaʻa iā ia he kŘpuna ai meaola kuleana pili i kanaka a me ka holoholona ma luna, a me kekahi i ka waiwai o ka loaa ana ma nā loko, a nā'aʻaʻa, a i irreparable poino ke ola. He nolaila, nui, e hookupaa i ka lapaʻau kanu kānana ka wai mai ka hao, keleawe, ke kēpau pōkā, nikala, kiniki, cobalt, o Hereme, cadmium a me ke kala.

Ka nele no ia kānana ku i ka mea e, no ka ka mea nui pono o ka wai no kekahi mau hana lehulehu o kēia mau mea hiki ke hooheheeia ka loa kiʻekiʻe i loko o na holoholona. Pollutants i kekahi mau hale a me ka waiwai, a hoʻi ia no kela a me keia o ko lākou mau? Ueo mea pono e akoakoa ai i kekahi mau ano a me na manao ona.

Ka wai huikala, mai kaumaha ke hooheheeia ma ka palapala o ka Ion i lawe ia e Nine Inch mea a hoemi ia i kekahi loli ma ka pH o ka meakino i ka makemake kiʻekiʻe. I a hiki i ka pH waiwai o 9.0-10.5 kekahi mea hiki ke hooheheeia e insoluble a precipitate i ua wehe loa wale.

Koho o Nine Inch, a ua hua mai ma ka hanalima ka wai lapaau hilinaʻi nui ma luna o nā kēia kumumea:

- ke koi maemae;

- lehulehu o ka pollutant;

- imua paha e kaawale aku ai impurities.

Once unuhi waiwai insolubilizing, ka anu u hookaawale ana ia lakou, pinepine hoʻohana umekaumaha maluhia iho la o ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia. Ana ua hana ia me precipitating ka hoʻohana kūikawā ipu mai i ka waihoia (particles) e evacuated no ka dewatering a me ka maloʻoʻana. Eia kekahi, ia iaoiaeii o kona pono io a me ka io - he kiʻekiʻe pā lonoaʻili i ke alo o ka extraneous i huiʻia i ke ālai ia 'ana me ka palapala moʻopane kaʻina. Kēia paha e ke kopa, hydrogen peroxide paha detergents.

Ka wai huikala, mai kaumaha ke hooheheeia ua i hua mai la ia ma kekahi ano. Ua Ua kapaia "ʻili lahilahi", a ua lawe mai me ke kōkua o kekahi kūikawā mea hoʻonoho me ka i pohā. Nō kāu, i loko o ka wai, ua huikalaʻia membranes metala lehulehu, aole ia i oi aku 1 mg no hano, a ma ka kekahiʻaoʻao o ka Kānana ka mea, i kia ma ka gelatinous nui.

Ua Ua kēia ka wai huikala, mai kaumaha ke hooheheeia ua manaoia e ia i ka loa a me ka pono i olelo mua iaʻi. Kona kiʻekiʻe ma Hawaiʻi ma muli o i ka kūikawā waiwai o membranes, e like me:

1. ke kiʻekiʻe selectivity, i loko o nā hua'ōlelo, ka 'auhau no ka hookaawale ana o ka waiwai o kekahi ano. Ke baffle a ala ma ka semipermeable iho wale nō ka wai, paʻa noa mai impurities. Recent loaa ma ka kekahiʻaoʻao o kaʻili lahilahi.

2. ka oka a mai i ka ua'omoʻomoʻia septum mea pakahi aku la ia i ka ikaika a me ka ia'ku i Nine Inch hoouka.

3. kaʻili lahilahi Ua like pono, a hoopau ai i ke hoʻokō i nā mea i ho'ākāka 'ana o ka hana ma ka wā o ka pono. I ka pomaikai o ka iaoiaeii mea e e waiho i ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia impurities ma ka Kānanaʻili, a clog kona ili, a me na mea he nuiʻaoʻao i wehe 'ia mai laʻili lahilahi.

View o ka huikalaʻana mea nana e hoole osmosis. Kēia papa hana ua wehewehe aku i loko i ka pāʻoihana o (haumia ka wai) noi puʻe i aku i kona iho. Ke keakea ana o ke kaʻina hana nā ke kiʻekiʻe ma Hawaiʻi e pono ai no na mea o ka i i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe mea hoʻonoho a me ka ka manaʻo pohihihi o ka wehe lehulehu, ahu iho.

Nui ka nui o ka wai a me ka haʻahaʻa lehulehu o ka mea kaumaha i eliiaʻi mea kupono e huikala ma ion mail. E like me ua ikeia, kona 'ike loea ua muli ma ka hoʻohana' ana o ka ion launa like kēpau no ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia Ion i loaa ili honua. Palapala koho no kēia mau hana ae, e malama i ke kēpau no kekahi mau makahiki, koe wale no ko lakou caking.

Naʻe, i ka loa, i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe lawe ia'ku, iaoia o ka loa luna 'oaoieei-hooko o ka cyclic kanaka me ka ultrafiltration. Naʻe, i kēia iaoia ua hoʻohana 'electrolysis a me ka electroplating na hana, wale no ka wao wai a iloko ona i kakauia he nui pakeneka o ka neoneo pāʻoihana a me ka paʻa kūhohonu loa helanitami. No ka mea, ua hana ka hoʻohana 'ana kūikawā reactors.