Ke kuli ami. hōʻikeʻano

Ke kukuli hui, iloko olaila a mau loa, ai pili aku i ka drumstick a me ka'ūhā. ma waena o ka patella a me ka femur - ma waena o ka tibia a me ka femur, a me ka lua o kekahi hapa o ka moana. Ke kukuli ke ami hoi i ka loa a me ka luna 'nui ami o ke kanaka kino. Ua hoʻoneʻe bloc'ōnaehana i ke 'ole ia e leie aku no ka palena manawa, flexion, a hōʻemi iki medial a kīloi paʻewa kuapo. Kukuli ke ami hoi Kākoʻo kokoke i ka anai kaumaha o ke kanaka kino. Kēia mokuna He kūlana: ia mea prone i ka poino, a me ka hooulu ana o ka osteoarthritis.

Ma o ka haku mele 'ana o ka mokuna mea kaʻawale patella-femoral, tibiofemoral eiiiiiaiou. pinepine Peroneal collateral ligament ua noʻonoʻo me ka hapa o tibiofemoral eiiiiiaiou.

Ke kukuli ke ami hoi iloko olaila o ekolu ooieoeiiaeuiuo compartments mea he ami-type ami. Kona mau lala hookomoia femoral-kīʻaha (femoral-patellar) kauwahi. Ua, ma ka huli, he o aia ma ka frontal pelane o ka epiphysis o ka femur patella, a ho one ei ma ke kuli ami. ¶ A i loko o ka femoral-ke kiaha hapa komo pū femoro-tibial lala (medial a kīloi paʻewa). Mau eiiiiiaiou tibia (mau pale i loko o ka papa) pili me ka femur. Ma ke kuli, he mea synovial loli. He makana i loko o kona synovialʻili lahilahi (mea hōʻikeʻikeʻuʻuku).

haawiia mai ke kukuli ke ami hoi ua mau manamana loa nui kekahi. Ua hanaʻia oihana e pili ana i ka neʻe o ke kino kaumaha i loko o ka vertical (ua lele komo) a ana papamoe, (hele 'ole e holo mai) ao ao.

Ke keiki ma hope o ka hānau patella undeveloped. Aka, he mea nae he moku o ka ulu, i ua la i komo ai o ka cartilage. Ma ka makahiki ekolu i kaikamahine, a elima keiki, keia moku huli i loko o ka maʻamau kneecap.

olelo pa alima ka loaʻa o ka hoʻonaʻauao kūikawā. Mau nā, i loko o 'ana, loaʻa ke kahua o ka femur: ka medial a kīloi paʻewa condyles. Ka mea, oko iki posteriorly a distally. Ke kīloi paʻewa condyle alo lehulehu ma mua o ka hope, i ka medial i ka mea i oi aku a eia i laulā.

Ke patella Ua aia i loko o ka articular mea hōʻikeʻikeʻuʻuku, ka mua hapa o kona lahilahi paia. Ma ka hope ili a pau, a kūkulu hou medial kīloi paʻewa pelane, kela mea keia mea o ka i mai i ka pili me ka patella ili honua. He, ma ka huli, hiehie ka femoral condyles ma ke alo o ka distal kae o ka iwi.

Ke ami mea hōʻikeʻikeʻuʻuku a me ka synovial maopopo puluniuʻili lahilahi (, ahu iho). Ka mea, i kaawale ma ka momoma hoʻokomo kālā. A i ka pilina paʻa kulana o ka ami ua hoakaka ia e na ligaments a puni ona. Ma ka huipūʻana me ka mau menisci, a me ka mea hōʻikeʻikeʻuʻuku i bursitis ligament.

I haiia ae maluna,, ke kukuli iho ami ua manaoia e ia i ka loa kūlana hapa o na ami'ōnaehana o ke kanaka. Mawaena o ka papa kuhikuhiE poino o ka pa alima ua kaʻawale mai arthritic hoikeana o arthritis, rheumatoid arthritic a me ka hookomo ana. Ka mea, ua pinepine a me kaʻino wale i cartilage i loko o kona mau ki a me condyles tibial iwi o ami a me ligaments o ke kuli, a me na mea e ae.

Special 'inikua manaʻo hoʻohana e hoihoi i ka physiological wāwae iho (axis). No ka laʻana, ka mea splint ma ke kuli ami ua pili i ka mea poho e pale aku ai hōʻeleu i ho'ōla. Pinepine ka mea, ua hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ka loaa au ma hope o fractures o na condyles o ka femur a me ka tibia ma hope o puna immobilization. Ua Ua hoʻohana 'ia me ka lōpū instability o ke kuli. Ke koo aku ma luna o ke kuli ami hiki ke hoʻohana i preservative. Ua apono 'oe e emi i ka haawe ina he mea poino, akā, i ho'ēmi i li nui.