Ke'Aukekulia economist Friedrich Hayek: A Kawaihae, hana, hilinaʻi a me nā buke

Friedrich August av Hayek - mea he'Aukekulia a me ka Pelekāne economist a me ka poe akeakamai. Kokua aku la oia i ka pono o ka panina liberalism. I ka 1974, ua loaa i ka Nobel lua no kekahi mau me Gunnar Mirdelom no "pioneering hana i loko o ka pähola 'ana o ke kālā a me ... he hohonu Ka Ikepili o ka interdependence o ka hoʻokele waiwai, ka nohona a me ka huiʻoihanaʻike manaʻo." Hayek i kapaia he 'elele o na kula'Aukekulia a me ka Chicago. Kona papa e piʻi like - ia mea aneiai i ka ho omaulia pilikia, catallactics kumumanaʻo hoʻopuehuʻia i ka ike, i ke kumu kuai hoailona, noho'na makaainana i ulu mea, Hayek ÷, Hebb.

kekahi mau 'ike

Friedrich Hayek ua he nui nohona theorist a me ka pili akeakamai o ka XX kenekulia. Kona kilo ana pehea e hoʻololi i ke kumukuai lepa na kanaka nui 'ike e kōkua iā lākou i kahi kūlike o ko lakou mau mea kuka, ua nui ka e piʻi like i loko o ka hoʻokele waiwai. Hayek komo i loko o ka First World War, a ua pinepine ae la oia i keia ka hoao ana i hanaia i loko ona ka makemake e lilo i nä känaka 'epekema a me kōkua kanaka maloko o ka hewa i alakai aku ai i na koa kaua. I loko nō o kona ola,ʻo ia pinepine i kona wahi o ka noho hoʻololi. Friedrich Hayek hana i loko o Austria, ka UK, USA a me Hawaii. He ua he Kumu ma ka London School o? Aneia iainiiaaiea, Chicago, a me ka University o Friborg. I ka 1939, Hayek ua ae o Beritania kupa. I ka makahiki 1984, ua lilo i lâlâ o ka Papa o ka Naita o ka Nani a me ka mea mua haumāna haʻawina kālā o ka Hans Martin Schleyer uku. Kona 'atikala "Ka hoʻohana' ana i ka ike i loko o ke kaiāulu kanaka," i komo i loko o ka luna iwakalua, paʻiʻia i loko o ka puke pai ka American Economic Review no ka 100 makahiki mua o kona ola.

Kawaihae

Friedrich Hayek Ua hanau ia ma Vienna. Kona makua kāne i ka lapaau a me ke kipa Kumu o Botany ma ka kūloko kulanui. Hayek ka makuahine Ua hānauʻia i loko o kekahi ohana waiwai o landowners. Ma waho Frederick, ka hui, he mau'ē aʻe ke keiki (1.5 a me 5 makahiki kaikaina ma mua o ia). Ua Hayek kupuna kāne, he mau haumana. Kona lua o ka hoahanau ma kaʻaoʻao maternal i kekahi poe akeakamai kaulana Ludwig Vittgenstayn. A pau i kēia nui i alakaʻi ai i ke koho ana i mau mea hoihoi o ka wā e hiki mai nä känaka 'epekema. I ka 1917, Friedrich Hayek hui i ka mea kaua regiment i loko o ka Austro-Hunakalia kaua ma luna o ka Italia alo. He Ua hookoia no kona koa wiwoʻole i ke kaua.

I ka 1921 a me ka 1923 kokua aku la oia i kona PhD ma Law a me Kalaiaina Science. I ka 1931 hoomaka ae la oia e hana i ka London School o? Aneia iainiiaaiea. He koke lilo kaulana. A e pili ana i Hayek kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka papa kuhikuhiE theorists i loko o ke ao nei hoʻokele waiwai. Ma hope o Germany ua ma lalo o Nazi rula, ua hoʻoholo e lawe Beritania kupa. I 1950-1962 makahikiʻo ia i noho ai i loko o ka United States. Ma hope iho o ia, ua neʻe akula ia Germany. Eia naʻe, Hayek noho kekahi mau mana aupuni ma mua o ka pau ana o kona ola. I ka 1974, ua lanakila 'o ia i ka Nobel uku. Kēia hanana alakai aku la ia i poe hanohano. Iloko o kaʻana,ʻo ia halawai me ka Lūkini dissident Aleksandrom Solzhenitsynym. A laila, hoʻouna akulaʻo ia iā ia i ka unuhi ana i kana hana kaulana loa, "The Road to Serfdom."

Personal ola

Ma 'Aukake 1926, Friedrich Hayek mare Helen Berte Marii av Fritsch. Lakou halawai i hana. keiki elua i ka hui i, akā, wawahi iho la lakou i ka makahiki 1950. Mau pule ma hope o ke oki mare Hayek mare Helen Bitterlich ma Hawaii, ma ka mea hiki ke hana.

Friedrich Hayek: Book

Ke Kulanui o Chicago hoʻoneʻe ai e hookuu i ka ohi ana o na hana o ke nä känaka 'epekema, ka mea i hana no ka hala loa o ka lōʻihi manawaʻaneʻi. A moʻo o 19 puke, e komo hou wale nō o nā puke, mea kākau ninaninau 'ana,' atikala, palapala a me unpublished kikoo. Hayek ka loa kaulana hana pololei:

• "Koi pohō a kumumanaʻo, a me kaʻIliahi kalapona" 1929.
• "Prices a? Iecaianoaaiiie" 1931.
• "Ma o ka uku, a me ka uku hoopanee waiwai kūʻai a me nā pepa (essay) ma luna o ka pähola 'o hanalima fluctuations," 1939.
• "He Mele Inoa No ia Serfdom," makahiki 1944.
• "Individualism a me Economic Papa," 1948.
• "Aoaao o na ideals o ke ku okoa ana", 1951.
• "Ka ee-kipi ma ka 'epekema: haʻawina o ka hainā manaʻo", 1952.
• "Ke Kumukānāwai o Liberty," 1960.
• "Ona, ua akamai: Socialism hewa" 1988.

Friedrich Hayek, "The Road to Serfdom"

He ka hana kaulana loa o ka'Aukekulia economist a me ka poe akeakamai. He palapala iho la ia i loko o 1940-1943 niioaaonoaaiii. Ma ka mea, oia ao mai no ka pilikia o ka hainā, i pono pau aupuni mana hoʻomalu ma luna o ka olelo hooholo ma ke kikowaena hoʻolālā kūpono. Friedrich av Hayek hoʻopaʻapaʻa i ka rejection o individualism a me ka manaʻo o ka panina liberalism inevitably hiki aku ai i ka lilo o ke ku okoa ana, i ka mea i hanaia o ka OE ke kaiāulu, ka dictatorship, a me ka "noho kauā kuapaʻa," o ke kanaka. It E e hoʻomaopopo i ka olelo o ke nä känaka 'epekema holo ee i ka' epekema hana ola ma ia manao manawa i fascism (National Socialism) i ka capitalist pane i ke kūpono 'ana o ke socialism. Hayek kuhikuhi mai i ka pono aa o na nenoai elua. elua miliona oi ma mua o nā kope o "The Road ia Serfdom," i ua kuai lilo aku ma hope puke. Ka hana Fridriha Hayeka Ua i he nui hopena ma luna o ka waiwai a me ka pili aupuni e kamailio nei i loko o ka XX kenekulia. Kona kea i keia la.

Na makana, a kuokoa ana

Hayek ka hana ua i he nui hopena ma luna o ka ulu o oicyenoaaiiie manaʻo. Kona manaʻo i ka lua o ka mau kūmole (ma hope o Kenneth pua) i loko o nā haʻi'ōlelo o Nobel laureates. Vernon Smith a me Simona i kapaia o Herbert i kona loa kaulana Contemporary economists. Ua Hayek ka mea mua e hoʻolauna i ke kino Ana i loko o ke kuai equilibrium. He ua he nui keiki ma luna o ka ulu o ka ulu kumumanaʻo, 'ike' aoʻao hoʻokele waiwai , a me ka manaʻo o ka noho'na makaainana i ulu mea.

Palapala Hoʻoilina a me ka hanohano

A hiki ma hope o ka make, Hayek koe kekahi o keia la ka koʻikoʻi economists. Kona manao i ole e obsolete. Inoa i loko o kona hanohano.

• Student Society ma ka London School o? Aneia iainiiaaiea. Ua Ua hanaia i ka 1996.
• Society ma Oxford. Created i ka 1983.
• Ka hoolohe ana i ka Cato Institute. Ma nā makahiki, Hayek i i hookoia ai ka inoa o ka loaʻa 'papa kiʻekiʻe noiʻi hoa paio o ka' Amelika noiʻi hui.
• Ka hoolohe ana i ka Kulanui Francisco Marroquin ma Guatemala.
• Foundation no kaʻepekema o ka Institute o aloha kekahi i kekahi Haʻawina. He haawi postgraduate ia nā kumu kāki a me ka opiopio noiʻi.
• Makahiki haʻi'ōlelo ma Ludwig av Mises Institute. Uaʻepekema olelo e pili ana i Hayek ka makana i ka 'epekema.
• Achievement ma George Mason University, e kākau aneiai (essay).