Kina, ka'Āpana: ka hana'ana o nā moku a me ka inoa

Ke ho'i nei nā mo'olelo o nā'auwa'a o ke Aupuni'Elelani i ka wā kahiko,'oiai ua hala lākou i nā kenekulia he nui a me nā kaukani. Akā, i kēia ao hou, nui nā po'e i makemake i ka holomua i hala a'e nei, koe wale nā po'e kākau mo'olelo. I kēia lā,'o ka hui o nā'āina me nā pū'ali koa ikaika loa, komo pū'o Kina. 'O ka moku kaua o kēia'āina, e like me nā'ano koho'ana, ma kahi'ekolu (i kekahi mau'ano - ma ka lua) i ka honua. Wahi a ka nui o nā tona,'o ka lua wale nō ia o nā'auwa'a'Amelika, akā, ua kau'ia ma hope o nā'auwa'a Lūkini ma ke'ano o nā mea kaua. Ho'opili'o ia i ka po'okela po'okela ma ke'ano o ka helu o nā limahana. He'ano'ano kēia o nā pū'ali koa a pau, i kapa'ia'o ka Koa Li'ila o ka po'e Kina o Kina.

'O nā'auwa'a Kina i ka hapalua mua o ke kenekulia 20

Ua ho'oku'u'ia mai Iapana i ka makahiki 1895, ua komo ka'āina i loko o ka ho'ome'eke internalcin lō'ihi. Ua'ike ka'āina i ka manawa o ke kāko'o'oko'a a me ka pilikanaka, ua'ike'o ia i ka hau'oli, kipi, a no laila,'a'ole hiki ke pā'ani i ke kuleana o ka mana moana ma ka'āina. He'u'uku ka pū'ulu kālā, akā,'a'ole i lako pono nā pū'ali koa. Ho'āʻo ma modernization i apo akuk ai i ka 1909: kahi o ka eha 'auwaʻa (Northern, Canton, Shanghai a me Fuzhou) ka mea, lilo iho la ekolu - North, Central a me Hema. 'O kēlā me kēia o lākou he ho'okahi pahi kaua a he mau moku holohopu ('ehiku a hiki i'ehiku), a'oi aku paha ke'ano o nā pūkuniahi. Ho'omana'o hou'ia, akā na'e, ua ma'alahi, ka ho'omehana'enehana a me nā pono. A laila, ho'olaha ke aupuni i kona mana'o e ho'oikaika i ka Marine a ho'omaka i nā hanana o nā moku hou, akā, ua hā'ule hou ka mana'o no nā kumu kālā. Ua hana'ia au e kūkulu i'ekolu mau ho'oholo moku a me nā mea luku. Ma hope o kēlā, ua ho'opiha'ia nā'auwa'a i ho'okahi wale nō manawa, i ka manawa i komo ai nā'auwa'a i ka wā o ke Kaua Honua Mua,'o'Arokro-Hungarian a me ko Kelemānia, ua kipa aku iā Kina. 'A'ole i ho'ololi'ia nā moku o kēia'āina mai ka wā a hiki i ka pau'ana o ke Kaua Honua'elua.

Ke kāko'o'ana o nā'auwa'a PRC

No ka loa'a'ana o nā'auwa'a mana a me nā'auwa'a hou ma Kina,'a'ole ho'okahi'āina i makemake i ka honua o ka wā ma hope o ke kaua, koe wale no ka Soviet Union, ka mea i mana'o i ka PRC hou i ho'okumu'ia i kona pilina ma Asia. 'O nā moku mua o ia moku he mau moku'ele'ele i lawe'ia mai ka Navy Republic o Kuomintang, e like me ka sunk Japanese, ka pu'upu'u i kūkulu'ia a ho'oponopono hou'ia'o "He Wei". Ua hana hou ka Navy iā China, a me ka kōkua'ole i waho, he mea pono'ole ia. A hana ihola nā hoa Soviet. 'O nā tausani pū'ali koa, nā mea akamai a'ike i ka hakakā, ua hana lākou i ka mea e pono ai ke ho'onui i ka heluhelu'ana. I kēia manawa i ka makahiki'auhau o ka makahiki 1949, ua ho'okumu'ia ke Kula Dalian o nā Navy. Eia kekahi, ua ho'olālā'ia ka papa hana kālai'āina, i kau mua'ia ma luna o nā papahana i kūkulu'ia ma ka USSR. Ma hope o ka ho'ololi'ana i ka'ao'ao Kina o Port Arthur, aia ka PLA i ka nui o nā lako kaua, e like me nā moku. Ma ka pau ana o ka Korean War i hoʻoikaika i ka Americans, e ae aku i ka māhele 'āina i ka hou alakaʻi - China. 'O ka moku o kēia moku kaiaulu ma kahi'oihana hakakā ma lalo loa o ka US Navy, e noho ana ma Hawai'i nei, akā, aia i kahi'āpana kahakai.

Ka papahana ho'onohonoho

'O ke'ano o nā'auwa'a, i lawe'ia i ka makahiki 1909, ua'ike'ia e nā'oihana Soviet i mea maika'i. Ua mahele like ia i ekolu mau wahi: North, South and East with the main port of Qingdao, Zhanjiang and Ningbo. Ma kēia mau kūlanakauhale, aia nā ho'olālā ho'omalu a me nā ke'ena ke'ena. Eia kekahi, ua ho'oka'awale'ia ke kauoha o nā'auwa'a (ma ke'ano o nā lima o nā pū'ali koa),'oiai ua kūpono'ole ia i ke alaka'i alaka'i nui o ka PLA. Ua ho'olālā'ia ma luna o ka'ili, ke kai, ke kai kū'ono, a me nā mokulele. 'O nā moku o nā Navy Kina ka mea nui loa'o Soviet-i kūkulu'ia, no laila, ua lilo ka'ike o ka Lūkini no kekahi luna koa moku i mea koi. Ho'ohālike o ka ho'olālā koa Soviet i'ike'ia i ka'ike.

Nā pāku'i a me nā'ūhā

'O nā kālepa Soviet o ka wā kaua,'o ia ho'i nā naval, ua'ike'ia e kahi panache, a'o ia ho'i ka inoa kahiko. 'O nā'a'ahu gula, nā'a'ahu'ele'ele a me nā kā'ei po'ohiwi me nā hulu i ho'onāukiuki i ka manawa no nā manawa hou a hō'eu'eu i ka ha'aheo i nā kūpuna. Ua ho'oili'ia ka hae o nā luna o nā moku'auhau o ka'āina'o Lalinna i kēia manawa. Ma nā'ūhā po'ohiwi, e like me ka Soviet, aia nā'apa,'elua mau luna ko'iko'i, a'o ka muli loa. 'O ka wahi o nā asterisks a me ka nui e pili ana i ke kūlana i kāohi'ia i ka Sovy Soviet mai ka lūlū o ke kulanui i ka admiral. 'O kekahi mau māhele'āina e mālama'ia no nā lālā'ōpio. Koa kaua o ka Moana o Kina okoa mai ka Soviet a me Lūkini no ka transcriptional hiʻona, akā, me ka pono 'ole o ke kaula o ke kauoha a ua malamaia.

Nā luina

'O ke'ano o ka moku naval a me ka file o ka Navy Kēia ua aneane e ho'opau hou i ka Lūkini. 'O ke kā'ei ho'okahi, aia wale nō me ka wili'oi aku. Ke'ano like nō ho'i nā'ōmole, me ka nānā'ana i nā palapala hieroglyphic. 'A'ole i'ike'ia kahi e ho'opa'a ai i nā kapa: nā luina Lūkini ma nā manawa o Petero, ke'oki mau'ia nā pihi ma nā'ao'ao, kahi ma luna o nā po'i lole. 'O ka mea'oi loa,'a'ole'ike nā luina o Kina i nā'ano ma'alahi'ole e like me ka nui o nā pākolu ma luna o ke kola-gyussa. A ua mahalo'ia lākou no nā lanakila'ekolu o ka Moku Lūkini (Gangut, Chesma, Sinop).

He maika'i loa nā luina koa Lālani, ke kū nei ke'ano ma luna o lākou me ka maika'i, ua ho'onā'ia nā kāma'a, a he mau nadraena nā kākā keleawe. Ua like nā mea a pau me kā mākou. 'O nā hō'ailona like'ole he'ano'oko'a loa ia ma ke'ano o nā lio.

'O ka hana a ke Kuhina,'o Comrade Lin Beng

Ua mālama'ia nā luina koa Lāina e'ole e pale i nā hana hana'ino, i ka wā o ka "Cultural Revolution" i ho'opau i ko Kina a pau. Ua komo ka Marine i ka ho'opau'ia o ka kipi kipi o Wuhan o ka makahiki 1967, akā'o kēia ka mea i kaupalena i kona kuleana ma nā hana Maoist. Ua hā'ule ka "lele nui," a ma hope koke iho o kāna hopena maika'i'ole, ua ho'omaka'ia ka ho'ololi hou'ana o ke kahua'ikepili me nā hana a ke Kuhina Kākau'o Lin Beng. Ua ho'olālā'ia ka hapalima o ka pū'ali koa a pau ma nā'auwa'a. I ka makahiki'ehiku o ke kenekulia 20, ua ho'onui'ia ka heluna o nā submarines i ho'okahi haneri (i ka makahiki 1969 aia he 35 wale nō), he'umi mau ka helu o nā mea lawe pahi kaua ('elua haneri). Ho'omaka'ia ka ho'olālā'ana o nā submarines ho'olālā.

He mea nui kēia i ka ho'olālā'ana i ka mana o ka moana Kina, akā, e hele nei ia i kahi ala nui.

Ka'Ewalu

'O ke Kaukaua o ka Navy'o China,'o Liu Huaqing, ka mea i noho'oihana mai ka makahiki 1980, he hoaaloha maika'i'o ia'o Kamene Deng Xiaoping. Ua ho'oholo'o ia i ke po'o maoli o ka moku'āina e pono ke ho'ololi iki i ka kuhikuhi'ana o ka ho'olālā moku i mea e mahalo ai i ke'ano o ka ho'ololi hou'ana o ka Navy Kana. 'O ka papahana o nā moku kaua he nui nā mea kupanaha, akā na'e, hiki'ole iā lākou ke ho'okūkū me nā mea ho'okahuli a me nā ho'okele pahi kaua'Amelika a me Soviet. Pono e ho'onui i ka ho'ona'auao o nā luna moku. Pono e ho'ohuli i ka kuhikuhi'ana o ke a'o'ana i ka manawa kūpono mai nā hana kū i uka'ole no ka hana i nā wahi moana. 'O kēia ka mea e koi'ia ai nā momoku mai nā moku, e like me nā'auwa'a o ka USSR a me ka United States. I ka makahiki 1982, ua ho'okō'ia ka ho'omaka mua'ana o ka ICBM mai kahi pa'a pahi kaua Chinese. I ka makahiki 1984-1985, ua kipa'ia nā moku o nā'auwa'a PRC me ko lākou huaka'i aloha'ana e nā'āina kokoke e'ekolu. He kūlana ha'aha'a ka holomua, akā, ua'ikea ka holomua.

'O ka manawa Post-Soviet

I loko o nā makahiki he hala i hala aku nei o ka mikiona'ekolu, ua nui nā hana ma ka honua i ho'ololi i ke'ano o nā mana. Inā i ka manawa o Mao China i ho'olālā i ka makemake i ka USSR, a laila ma hope o ka ho'oka'awale'ana, ua lilo ka wela o nā noi i mea'ole. Ma waena o nā kumu he nui no ke emi'ana o ka haunaele ma nā palena hikina o Rūsia,'o ka mea nui loa,'o ia ka ulu'ana o ka'oihana waiwai ma mua o ka PRC, a ua lilo ia i "ho'olālā honua". Hoopiha mai ia o ka Nine Inch mea kanu e olelo hooweliweli aku, e lilo i hopeʻia ke kanaka-i ma densely na kanaka] kulanakauhale, i ka mau loa-ulu ka leo o ka? Iecaianoaaiiuo a me nā aʻe i alakai aku ai i ka loli ma ka oihana ao ana o ka aina.

Ma ke'ano palekana, ho'omau ka mālama'ana o nā alaka'i alaka'i Sāma, akā'o ka mana'o nui i kēia manawa ma ke'ano tekinohana pa'akikī e hiki ai ke pale i ka'āina, ka ho'olālā a me ka heluna mai kahi ho'oweliweli o waho. Eia kekahi, he pilikia nui loa no Taiwan a me kekahi mau'āina i hakakā'ia.

'O ka Varyag i ho'opau'ole'ia -'o ka mokulele e lawe ana i ka waiwai waiwai, i hō'ole'ole'ia e kekahi mea'ē a'e, i kū'ai'ole'ia no ka pono o nā'auwa'a Kina. I kēia lā, lilo ia i ka mua a'o ia wale nō ka mea lawe mokulele o nā Navy Kina.

'O ka hana hou o nā'auwa'a

I kēia manawa, ua hō'ike'ia nā Navy Kina ma nā māhele penei:

'O nā mea ho'okele mokulele - 1 (Liaoning,'o Varyag mua loa, ka moku Kina nui loa -'o kona ho'one'e'ana he 60,000 taona).

Nā mea kū'ai pahi kaua hohonu - 1 ("Xia", papahana 092), i ka ho'opihapiha a ho'opau'ana paha i nā papahana he nui ('a'ole i emi iho i'ehā) "Jin" (094) a me "Teng" (096).

Pāhaki'ia nā moku pipi pākīpika - 6 mau kiko. (Kauhana "Kinh", "Han" a me "Shan").

Dmarima submarines - 68 pcs.

Nā moku o'Ami-submarine - 116 mau pcs.

Ka mea luku luku -26 pcs.

Nā ku'omaka hao wale - 49 pcs.

Nā moku kahe kaua - 85 mau pcs.

Nā moku kāpili Torpedo - 9 mau kiko.

Nā moku kālai'āina - 117 pcs.

Nā moku Tankadesantnye - 68 mau pcs.

Waapa ma ka lewa cushion - 10 pcs.

Ho'opili pūnaewele me ke kelepona - 4 mau pcs.

'O ka'oihana ho'olālā nui ma ka'ili lele "Bison" - 2 pcs. (E hiki paha iā lākou ke lilo i 4).

'Oi aku ka nui o ho'okahi tausani mokulele o nā'ano like'ole, e hana ana i nā mokulele mokulele.

'O ka nui o nā ho'okele o nā moku Kina i'oi aku i ka 896,000 mau toni. No ka ho'ohālikelike:

'O ka Lū Lūkia - 927,000 mau talani.

Na Moku'Amelika - 3, 378 miliona tononi.

Kāpena

Ua hō'ike nui nā kālepa o'Amelika Huipū'ia a me Iapana i ka uluhua o ka ulu'ana o ka mana o ka Navy Kana. 'O nā ki'i o nā moku i kālai'ia i loko o ke kalani ke'ake'a, me nā'ōlelo ho'oweliweli mai kēlā manawa i kēia manawa i pai'ia ma nā nūpepa a ho'opuka'ia e nā pūnaewele. Akā,'a'ole'o kēia mau hō'ailona,'oi aku ka lō'ihi a'oi aku i nā mea'ē a'e o nā'Amelika, ke lilo i po'okela bogeyman. 'O ke ki'i e hō'ike ana i ka heluna o nā luina a me nā mea lawelawe ma ka'āina kahakai kahi mea nui. E like me nā kumuhana he nui, he 350,000 kānaka.

Ma waena o lākou:

Marines - 56.5,000.

Ma ke 'ano he mau moku' āpana - 38,000.

Aia ma Naval Aviation he 34,000 mau mea lawelawe.

'O kēia,'oia'i'o, he nui. Ua emi nā luina o'Amelika - he 332 mano wale nō.

Russian a me Kina - nā hoahānau e mau loa aku?

Ua ho'onohonoho'ia ka honua hou i mea e hiki ai i nā moku'āina, e pale i ko lākou mau pono, ke koi'ia e ho'ohui a "hoaaloha" me kekahi mea,'oiai,'a'ole'o ia wale nō. 'O ka nohona ma'amau i nā pilikia nui o ke ao nei ka mea i komo i ka ho'ohui pū'ali koa-kālai'āina ma waena o ka Russian Federation a me ka PRC. 'O nā loina o nā moku Lūkini a me Kina i ka makahiki i hala aku nei ua hana'ia i loko o'elua mau kai loa - ma ka Mānoa a me ka po'e Kepanī. 'O kēia hō'ailona o ka mākaukau no ke kōkua'ana a me ka hana i hana'ia ma ke'ano'ole inā he kaua kaua, e kāko'o maoli kekahi'āina i kekahi ma ke kōkua pololei. Inā makemake'o Kina e ho'i hou i ka moku'o Taiwan a i'ole e haehae i kahi o ka'āina'o Vietnam (a'o ia ho'i ka launa pū'ana o Rūsia ma ka'āpana'o Southeast Asia), a laila,'a'ole paha e kōkua wale aku akā e mana'o'ia ka hō'olu'olu mai ka "Northern neighbor". 'O kekahi mea'oihana hui pū ma ke kai e kū'ē i nā mea pōā a me nā mea ho'oweliweli. Eia na'e,'o ka PRC he'āina aloha, e like me Russia.

Ma kahi huaka'i? Aloha!

Ma hope o ka holo'ana o ka moana moana, ua uku nā luina o Kina i ka huaka'i aloha ma ka'āina'o Rusia. Ua hui maika'i'ia nā moku o ka moku kaua o Kina ma Novorossiysk me nā lua pele he iwakāluakūmākahi, a ua pane maika'i nā pali kahakai o Tsemessky Bay.

Ua komo nā luina o nā'auwa'a'elua i nā hanana le'ale'a i ho'ola'a'ia no ka hala makahiki 70 o ka lanakila ma luna o ka fascism German.

'O kahi hālāwai o nā kā'ei kapu o ka moku Lūkini (A. Fedotenkov) a me Kina (Du Jingcheng) ka 34 o ka moorage o ke kūlanakauhale. 'O ka hui, me ka hanohano, he pilikino. 'O ka'oihana o "Marine interaction - 2015" he mea holomua. 'A'ole paha,'a'ole kēia'o nā hana hope hope loa o nā moku Lūkini a me ko Kina.