National meʻe dictator Juan Peron: Kawaihae, hana a me ka hana hoihoi kūʻiʻo

Ka wā e hiki mai ke poʻo o Argentina ka Juan Peron Ua hānauʻia ma luna o October 8, 1895 ma Buenos Ayrose i loko o ka 'ohana me ka awelika makahiki. I kona wā'ōpiopio, a kipa aku la i ka oihana kula kēia. He mahalo i ka poe koa Peron hoomaka ae la kona 'oihana pili kalai aupuni.

i kakahiaka nui makahiki

Juan Peron ua he loa kukū ala i ka nani. Ma 1936-1938 GG. He ua he koa mea pili loa i loko o ke kauoha o Argentina ma Chile. A laila, hele maila i ka neʻe aku i Italia. Aia Peron hoomaka ae la e noiʻi i koa 'epekema ma na kuahiwi. Argentinian kana a ke kau ma ka Kulanui o Turin. Peron Juan Domingo hoi aku la i kona'āina i loko o 1941.

Ia Argentina uaʻike piʻi i ka nui aneiai hoʻoponopono ulia. Aia i alii ai nohona tensions, ke kaiāulu kanaka, ua nalowale i ka mana levers. Ma lalo o kēia mau kumu lilo imminent koa coup. June 4, 1943 hoala i aoia mai i ka noho o Buenos Aires i ka pā kaua koa puni i ka noho ana o ke aupuni a me ka pelekikena ma mua, a holo aku la Ramon Kekahuna ma ka ike ka ao ao.

Ma ke alanui i ka mana

Peron i kekahi o na organizers o ka oihana coup i ka 1943. Ma ka manawa ana i ua ua he colonel, akā, i ole oko lohe nuiʻia i waena o nā nā paʻi hua. Ma hope o ka hoʻokahuliʻia o ka mua Aupuni Juan Peron lilo Kuhina o na Hana Lima. Ma kona wahi,ʻo ia 'Imi kōkua' ana me ka ano? Ueony uniona kālepa a me ka hana hou poʻe i loko o nā nāʻoihana, kahi a lakou e ole nei. Kēia kanaka i ka initiator o ke kānāwai ma luna o "maikaʻi ka hana" a me ka Pelekane'ē HOU.

I ka papa kuhikuhiE kia o ka kākoʻo no Peron he radicals, Mai hooikaika a me ka Ekalesia. Kekahi hapa o ka ia, a makemake me ka nationalists. I ka hopena o 1945, Juan Domingo Peron komo i ke koho pelekikena heihei. Kona lanakila kokua inept nohona kuwaho o ke kū'ē i kona mana. Peron iho puka mai ao alohilohi i olelo ole ka lākeke, i loko o ka mea ana i koi aku ai i kūkulu kokua i ka poe ilihune, a 'Imi intervene i loko o ka hoʻokele waiwai o ka moku'āina. He hookomo i ka manaolana no ka hou Argentina - i ka aina i i ole ua make ia i loko o ke Kaua Honua II, a lilo iho la ia i ka awa noʻEulopa poe hana he nui loa.

Ke hou lahui alakaʻi

Ke kūlana o ka Peresidena Juan Peron hele mai June 4, 1946, a ma ka makahiki 1952ʻo ia i hou-koho no ka lua o ka makahiki. Ke hou pelekikena i kukulu ai prone i ka pakiko-mea a me ka hoʻokele waiwai kahua. A hiki aku ka mea, hoomaka ae la ka nationalization o ka haole-waiwai a hana. I ia manawa, Argentina ua 'Imi hoʻolilo muli o ka ho'āʻo (ʻano nui kiliala a me oilseeds) i loko o ke kaua-lukuʻEulopa.

Like i olelo mua iaʻi Juan Peron, he aupuni meʻe, ka dictator i hana nui e hōʻoia i hoomaka ae la ka moku'āina e intervene i loko o ka hoʻokele waiwai i loko i ka mea i mua o ka holoholona hihiu o ke kūlana o kona kulana kiʻekiʻe. Mua o ka mana a pau i ka loaʻaʻana mai o nā mea a pau i ka aeaciui ai, kinoea a me ka uila. Me ka nui loa, a mahuahua nui o ka helu o ke Kivila kauwa. Hoomaka campaigning no ka rula o kala (hoopaiia hoala kumukūʻai kāne e subsidized kanaka nāʻoihana). Argentina ka hoʻokele waiwai a me ka pili aupuni papa ana Peron i kapaia "Peronism".

Kekūhaupiʻo 'upu'

Once ma ka mana, Peron manaoio i koke kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia, a me ka Soviet Union e unleash i ke kolu o ka honua kaua. Oia ka kaua e lawe hou pono Argentina, koi no ka waiwai a i ulu wale. I ka makahiki 1950 ka hoʻomaka 'ana i ka War Korean, a me Peron i loko o kona mau' atikala i i paʻiʻia ma ka nūpepa "aupuni a ka lehulehu", e wānana anaʻo ia ka mea, e ulu i loko o ke ao nei. Ka Peresidena ua hewa.

Ka pilikia ua mea uaua aneiai kulekele o Peron hiki ole ka hua a mau loa aku. Autarky ua hoʻokō wale nō me ka malumalu ana. Ano, Argentina pono i kekahi mea hou. Lua o ka manaolana Peron, ma ka hou ana i ke Kaua Honua II, ka mea, ua ka muli o ka mana aupuni bourgeoisie. I kona hiki hana hou na hana a me ka hana e mai i koi moku'āina waihona kālā. Oia ikaika bourgeoisie i loko o Argentina ikea. Nā mea hoʻopukapuka kālā ua makaala lakou, ka mea, makau iho la lakou i ke kālele 'ana ma iiauo i? Iecaianoaaiiuo, a ho'āʻo e noho i loko o ka hana kuʻuna wahi o ka hoʻokele waiwai o ka aina o ka.

lua o ka manawa

Ke ole manaolana loa kela Peron ma ka makeke kūlana alakai aku ai i ka mea i kona holoʻokoʻa mua kau aupuni wale ai ana i ke kālā ola a me ka hoʻolimalima i mea kaumaha no kona wahi-kaua makahiki. Mahope o kona oʻui koho hou i ka houʻeono-makahiki makahiki poo o ka moku'āina hoʻoholo ihola i ka hoʻololi 'ana i ke kulekele. Ma ia manawa, o ka mua na hoailona o ka waiwai ka hoʻoponopono ulia, no kekahi laʻana, ua lilo ia i mea devalued pesos. Eia hou, i ka 1951-1952 GG. manawa wi kahili ae i ka aina, e luku nui o kaʻai iʻohi.

I loko o kona manawa mua i pelekikena Juan Domingo Peron - Argentine manaolana no ka mea uie kekahi hapanui hewahewa o ka heluna kanaka, a me ka aina alakaʻi - i ole kānalua i e ka authoritarian aliʻi nāna i kaua aku me ka kuee a haalele mai. Ka mua ka anu u ma keia ala e hiki aku i ka makahiki 1948, ua ka hookolokolo ana o na Lunakanawai Aha Kiekie, a kālai'āina 'āhewa' ana. A laila, Peron hoʻoili i ka mihi ana o ke kumu kanawai. Ke hou ka papa kānāwai o ke aupuni, i hooholoia i ka 1949, 'ae' i ka pelekikena e e reelected no ka lua o ka makahiki.

kuwaho

Ma ka International Arena , Peresidena o Argentina i haehaeʻia ma waena o nā superpowers elua - ka US, a me ka USSR. I kēia lā, ka mea, ua manaoio aku la ia i ka mua o ka mea kēia non-ua kūponoʻia ana i ka "ekolu ala", a wae Juan Peron. Kawaihae o ka aina alihi kaua, e like me ka hoʻomaopopo ma luna, ua ua ua hoʻopili meʻEulopa. He makemake e kamailio i like hua'ōlelo me kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia (i loko o ke kakahiaka nui postwar makahiki, Argentina i kekahi o ka mea nui nā noʻeau hoʻokele waiwai i loko o ke ao nei). E like me ka hopena, Perón akea mamao loa ia iho mai o nā superpowers elua.

Argentina i hui pu ole me ka International koi pohō a dala, a 'ē aʻe like a papa hana. I ka Ia manawa, kokoke mau hooholoia kona diplomats ma ka un like hoʻi me kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia. Ma na aoao, ke "kolu o ka ala" ua wale rhetoric makemake ma mua o ka piha-fledgedʻikepili.

E hoomaka ana i ka hopena

I ka 1953, i kekahi o kona poe lehulehu helehelena Peron ma Buenos Aires, he mau Naita me ia. Ma muli o ia i ke kaua, hoomaka ae la makai e poipu. Mana i ka manawa kūpono e crack iho ma ke kue (makeʻe kulana, Socialist a me nā poe). Soon, hoomaka ae la ka aina i ka hahau ana i hana. Peronists Ua ho'āʻo e gloss ma na mea o ka unrest. Lāʻau nūpepa i ole e olelo e pili ana i ka lawe wahi nationwide haunaele.

Ke kue i ka ekalesia

I ka pauʻana o ka makahiki 1954 Perón i paha i ka papa kuhikuhiE kuhihewa. He i ka'ōlelo i loko o ka mea ana i hoopiiia mai ka Argentine Hui Church mea i ka mea, ua lilo ia i hotbed o ke kū'ē keiki, a pono e nāʻoihana kaua o. Mākou i hoomaka ai ka mua ka Hoomana Katolika.

Ma mua, i ka ekalesia ua ho'āʻo mai i ka pane i ka ho'āhewa wale 'ku e Peron. Eia naʻe, ma hope o kona olelo ana i ka paapu o huli i ke ano kūkaʻi 'Anati-clerical kai eʻe. E like me ka hopena, i ka ekalesia maoli hoomaka ae la e hoohui i ke kue. Maluhia haipule huakaʻi huli i loko o ka walaʻau pili aupuni h ÷ ike. hoomaka ae la i ka mana, e lawe Anati-clerical kānāwai (abolition o ka muli o nā haʻawina ma ka Hui kula, a no laila, ma luna o. D.).

coup

E like me tempers kana olelo koa hoʻoholo i ka olelo. Ka mea, i ole makemake i ke kulekele, a i lawelawe 'ia e Juan Domingo Peron. kona hou hewa Kawaihae o ka Peresidena,ʻaʻohe mea pehea kaʻao ka mea mua i ole, hiki ole kala mai. Ke ho'āʻo mua ana June 16, 1955. Moku Kekoa bombed ka Plaza de Ka Luna, kahi mea i manao ia e Peron. ua hewa nā organizers o ka ho'āhewa wale. Haneri o ka poʻe halaʻole i make ma ka bombing. Ma ia lā, Buenos Aires i ua hoano e ka hou nalu o kaʻoihana pogroms.

September 16 Ua hoala mai ke kipi i loko o Cordoba. Makaʻu (ole mai,ʻaʻole makemake ka hookahe koko) Perón i puʻuhonua, i loko o ka malu o Paraguay. Seemingly indestructible? Eia e hina i loko o kekahi mau lā. Ua kapaʻia kēlā mau hanana ma Argentina "LiberationʻOiʻenehana". Peresidena ua General Eduardo Lonardi.

E hoʻi i ka mana

Ma hope o ka coup, Peron ua hiki ke neʻe wale aku no. He noho ma Spain, kahi āna i noho ai, kokoke elua makahiki. Iloko o keia manawa, Argentina loaʻa paha kekahi mau manawa hoʻololi i ka papa kālai'āina. Kekahi aupuni replaces ka'ē aʻe, akā, ma ka hope aku na makahiki i waena o nā nā paʻi hua ulu nostalgic no ka mea kahiko lā peronovskim. Ke aupuni i ae mai guerrilla neʻe, a hiki ma ka verge o disintegration.

Hana, mai kahi'ē, Perón ma ke kakahiaka nui 1970s hoʻokumu i ka "Hustisialistsky Liberation Front" - ana, a hui i ka maoli Peronists a me nationalists, conservatives a me nā kākoʻo o ka socialism. Ma ka ia koho pelekikena ke koho i ka 1973 i ka loa-e ku ana na meʻe, lanakila 'o ia i ka hńne e lanakila. He hoi aku la ka hale i ka lā ma mua - ka wā o kona kākoʻo ua noho mana ana ma ke aupuni, a me ka nalowale i ka pilikia o ka repression a pili aupuni hoomaau ana. Juan Peron, he pōkole Kawaihae i maopopo he nui hana keaka Kai, make ma luna o Iulai 1, 1974-la. Kona kolu o ka manawa i ole mau i ka makahiki.

Personal ke ola a me ka hoihoi 'kūʻiʻo

Ma na 40s ole emi mea mahaloia iwaena o na kanaka, i hoohalikeia ai i ka aina alihi kaua, oia hoʻohana kana wahine Eva (a Evita). Ua alakai ka Women ka Peronist aoao. I ka 1949, i ka Argentine wahine i loaa ka mana koho. Juan a Evita Peron ike pehea e'ōlelo i ke ahi olelo i alakai Peronism kākoʻo i aneane haipule akaku. Lokomaikai aku Foundation First Lady maoli hoʻokō i nā mana o ke Kuhina o Social Development. Eva Peron make i ka makahiki 1952 ma ka makahiki 33. Ke kumu o kona make ana ua maʻi 'aʻai ana o ka uterus.

Eva i ka lua o ka wahine o Peron. Kana wahine mua, Aurelia make i ka 1938. Ke kolu o ka manawa Peron hoʻokani ahaaina 1961. Wae emigrants lilo Isabel. I ka wā o nā kulekele kahiko i ka 1973 hou holo no ka Peresidena, i kana wahine hele aku la i na poo me ka pelekikena Hope. Peron ka make ma hope o ia i ka hakahaka pou. I ka wahine noho i loko o ka mana no ka lōʻihi. Emi malalo o elua makahiki ma hope, March 24, 1976 i ka poʻe koa i kekahi koa coup i hookahuli Isabel. Pūkaua hoouna aku ia i Sepania. Aloha 85-makahiki-kahiko wahine e ola ana a hiki i kēia lā.