'O Berezinsky Biosphere Reserve (Vitebsk region): nā mana'o ho'olālā no nā mea ho'omaha

Me ka ho'omaka'ana o ke kauwela,'o ka hihia e pili ana i ka huaka'i hele a me ka huaka'i hiki ke ma'alahi. Ma hea kahi e hele ai au i kēia makahiki? He aha kāu e hana ai me'oe a me kāu po'e i aloha'ia?

I kou kau'ana i nā waiwai a me nā pilikia a pau, hiki i ka hopena ma ka hopena,'a'ole paha he mea pono ke ho'olimalima i nā kālā ma kahi huaka'i malihini kū'oko'a, no ka mea, i loko o kou'āina kaiaulu he nui nā mea hoihoi a me nā mea i ha'i'ole'ia.

Eia kekahi la'ana, no ke aha e hele'ole ai i ka Reserve Beastinsky Biosphere? Mana'o'ia he nui ka hapanui o kou mau hoaaloha, nā hoaaloha a me nā hoa noho i lohe'ole i ke ola o kahi'ano.

A makehewa ... Maanei,'a'ole ma waho loa o ka home, hiki iā'oe ke loa'a wale i nā mana'o maika'i wale nō, akā,'o ka'ike nui ho'i e pili ana i nā hi'ohi'ona o ka'āina maoli.

Ma kēia'atikala,'a'ole mākou e kama'ilio wale no ka Pono'o Berezinsky Biosphere. E'ike ka mea heluhelu i kona mo'olelo, nā pahuhopu a me nā hana, a,'oia'i'o, e a'o hou e pili ana i ka pua a me nā i'a o ke ke'ena kapu.

Paukū 1. Hō'ike'ano nui o ia mea

Ua ho'okumu'ia ka Reserve Berezinsky ma Belarus i ka lā 30 o Ianuali, 1925. I kēia manawa, ua uhi'ia ka'āina o Borisov o ka moku Minsk, a me Lepel, Dokshitsy o Vitebsk.

I ka wahi o keia wahi mea he kilakila a me ka mea 851,5 ei ^2. Natural Park ua ike nā hualoaʻa a me ka hae maoli, unspoiled ano a me ka hapa o ke kumu o ka mea, aole e noho i loko o Belarus poinaʻole.

It E e hoʻomaopopo i ka luna 'maoli hiki ke noʻonoʻo kū hoʻokahi, a me ka 60% o kona wahi mea e lauwili ūnelunelu.

Eia kekahi,'o Berezinsky Biosphere Reserve (Vitebsk region) ka mea i'ike'ia no kona mau loko like'ole a me kona nui. 'O ke kumukū'ai o kēia kihi kūlohelohe ke kau nei i ka'oko'a o nā kaiaolaola honua a me nā aquaticola, a me ke ki'eki'e o ko lākou mālama ola'ana.

Kaha 2. Kūlana ho'olālā

E like me ka'āina holo'oko'a, ua'ano ha'aha'a ke'ano o ke kai i kēia manawa, a hiki ke'ōlelo'ia,'o ke'ano o ka ho'ololi,'o ia ho'i, ke loli iki nei ka'ilikai mai ke kai a hiki i ka'āina.

Hō'ike'ia ia i nā kauwela mahana a me nā kauwela a me nā pale malo'o ma'amau me kahi uhi hau hau.

'O ka ma'amau,'o 676.6 mm ka nui o ke ku'i'ana no ka makahiki. Ma loko o ka makahiki holo'oko'a, mālama kahi ho'omalu'o Berezinsky Biosphere i kahi kūpono kūpono ki'eki'e me ka loli'ana mai 80 a 89%.

No ka waenakonu o Nowemapa, ua pa'a kahi uhi hau pa'a. Akā, i kekahi mau makahiki, ua'ike'ia ke'ano o ka mana iki a me ka mana'ole, a i kekahi manawa ua hiki ke hala i ka hapalua ai'ole i ka ho'oilo.

Kaha 3. Pehea i'ike'ia ai kahi kūlana kūikawā?

Ma kahi o 10-20,000 mau makahiki i hala aku nei, i ka manawa i ho'omaka ai ka hehe'e o ka Valkable glakable, ua nui ka moana kai piha. Ho'olālā'o ia no nā haneli he nui. 'O Lakes Olshitsa, He nani wale nō ke koena o kēia loko i'a kahiko.

Ma waho aʻeo i na moanawai nui o ka wai, i ka i nā kaʻe, a ua mau mea kaulana no kona anuanu ka ululāʻau a me keʻano o nā holoholona.

Ua nui haʻawina Ua hoikeia mai ia koke Berezinsky Reserve i noho ole wale ma ka manawa kaulana bea, lynx, na iliohae, na alopeke, ili, martens, beavers, otters, Moose, hihiu puaʻa, i hahaiia kia, akā, i bison, sable, hihiu lio.

'O ka mea kaulana loa ka hahai holoholona o nā beavers. I ka wā e ho'one'e'ia ai nā noho kanaka, nui nā iwi i loa'a ma'ane'i. Ua mana'o'ia'o Beaver he holoholona nui loa. Ua hana'ia nā lole mai ka'ili, a ua ho'ohana'ia nā'i'o no ka'ai. No laila, ua loa'a i nā kānaka i komo i ka hopu i kēia mau holoholona nā pono kūpono (e like me ke'ano, ua ho'oku'u'ia lākou mai ka'oihana koa).

Kaha 4. Nā mo'olelo nui o ka mō'aukala

Ua ho'okumu'ia ka Reserve Berezinsky i kekahi mau mahalo e pili ana i nā beavers i'ōlelo'ia a'e nei. Ua lilo lākou i mea ko'iko'i loa no ka huaka'i, i ho'onohonoho'ia i ka makahiki 1924 e ka Office of the Commissariat of Agriculture of the BSSR, no ka mea, ma mua ua mana'o'ia ua luku'ia kēia mau holoholona.

E like me ka hopena o ka huakaʻi 30 January 1925 o ka 'Aha o People ka Commissars o ka Byelorussian SSR puka i ke kānāwai ma luna o ka hoʻolālā o ka Berezina River Reserve, loa noho poholo.

Ma mua o ka ho'omaka'ana o ke kaua i ka mālama'āina, ua hana'ia ka nui o ka noi'i'ana o nā mea ulu a me nā i'a, ua kūkulu'ia nā māla'ike'ia kahi i mālama'ia ai nā beavers a me nā elks i ke pio, ua wehe'ia kahi hale ho'okipa o ke'ano. Eia na'e, me ka ho'omaka'ana o ka Kaua Nui Patriotic War, no laila,'o ka wehewehe pono'ana i nā hana o ka hana, ua pilikia no ka manawa lō'ihi.

Māhele 5. Nā Unaho a me nā Kaumuana

'O Berezinsky Reserve (ka pane o nā malihini he nui i kēia ka hō'oia hou) he kūlana maika'i loa,'o ia ho'i, ka mālama'ana i nā'ano kūlohelohe a me nā mea.

Eia maanei ua ho'okumu'ia nā kūpono kūpono no ka holo ma'amau o nā hana kūlohelohe.

Ma ke'ano laulā, hiki iā mākou ke'ōlelo aku e mālama ana ka Berezinsky Biosphere Reserve i nā hana i lalo:

• Ka hā'awi 'ana i nā' ano no ka mālama 'ana i ka' āina kūlohelohe o nā 'āpana kūlohelohe a me nā mea i loa'a ma ka' āpana o ka mālama'āina;
• Ka ho'onohonoho'ana i nā hana hana palehonua;
• Ka hana'ana i nā hana noi'i;
• Mālama i ka'ōlohelohe;
• Ke hana ma'amau i ka ho'ona'auao i ka nohona pili kaiapuni a me ke kāko'o no ka pale o ke kaiapuni.

Kaha 6. Kohana honua

It E e kaulana i "Berezinsky hookoe" - he Hawaii photo, i mau i ka pono kāhiko o ka ohana album. No ke aha? Ka mea i ma luna o kona mokuna i ke Hoʻohakuʻano o ka mea kanu o ka ululaau kahi o ka 690 ei ^2. A'o ka'ōniu ma kēia'ano o ka nohona he mea'olu'olu loa ia.

Aia ma mua o ka hapalua o nā ululā'au o ka Berezinsky Reserve no ka'āpana hema-taiga pine-wili. 'O nā wahi i ho'olako'ia o broadleaf, ka mea i'ike'ia i kēia lā i ka'ola, ka lehu a me ka spruce.

He kū ho'okahi lākou no ka'ao'ao'ākau o Belarus. 'O nā kumu ulu kūpono'ole i'ike'ole'ia, aia ma nā wahi pāpū.

Eia wale ka nui nui o nā ulu lā'au alder'ele'ele, a hiki i ka wā i ola ai ma'Europa.

Area wahi lepo wai, he 510 ei ^2. 'O kā lākou mau nui, a me nā māhele o kēia papa'āina, me nā kahawai, nā loko a me nā kahawai o ka nahele, e hana i kahi'ōnaehana wai-marsh ho'okahi.

'O ke kūlana ho'olālā e hō'ike'ia ana e nā lauwai ha'aha'a, nā ki'eki'e a me nā transitional e hui pū i nā'ano o nā'ano'elua. 'O Lowland ka mea ma'amau i nā'āina āpau o ka'āina. Ho'olālā'ia nā pahu i 10.3% o ka'āpana o ka'āpana.

Ma ke ala, mai kahi o ka'ike loiloi'epekema, ua māhele'ia lākou i nā'ano'elua: lā'au'ole a me ka ulu lā'au.

'O ka mo'okū'ai Meadows no ka'oi aku ma mua o 10% o ka palena'āina a pau o ka mālama.

Kaha 7. Ka Noho holoholona

He wahi kūpono kahi kū'ono'a no nā holoholona i pālahalaha nui'ia ma'Eulopa, a no laila ua nalowale ka hapa nui o lākou a ua nui loa paha.

'O ka ha'aheo o ka mālama'ana he manu. I kēia lā,'o ka papa inoa o nā'elele o ka'āpana o ka Berezinsky Reserve he 230 nā manu like'ole, a he 179 ko lākou nesting, 31 he migratory, 14 he migratory, a'o 6 he ho'oilo.

Eia kekahi i loko o ka lawai'a he 2'ano mo'o snake, 3 - lizards, 2-tailed, 9 species of amphibians tailless.

Aia 34 mau'ano i'a ma kona'āina. I waena o lākou,'o ka po'e nui loa a me nā mea ma'amau, he pike,'o'ole'a,'ohe, he pua, he perch, he'ōpala.

Ka mea kiekie loa? Ueo 'ano mea ano o ka Berezina River ma ka hema palena o ka caiiaaaieea, a Lake Palik. I kēia manawa, 3662 mau'ano ma ka papa inoa o nā invertebrates.

Kaha 8. E'ike'ia nā hale kū'ai i ka'āina?

Ma ke'ano laulā,'ike mākou i nā wahi hana nui o nā hale hō'ike'ike i ka ho'ona'auao i ka ho'ona'auao'ana i ka nohona. 'O kā lākou hana nui,'o ia ka ho'oikaika'ana i nā māhele o ka palekana. Hō'ike'ia nā hō'ike'ike i nā'ano kūlohelohe o nā'āpana'āina, a ho'olaha loa i ka hana o nā mālama.

'O ka Hale Hō'ike'ike o ka Nature of the Berezinsky Reserve, kahi i ho'ohana'ia no nā makahiki'oi aku i'oi aku ma mua o 50 mau makahiki, ua'ike'ia he 300 mau'ano holoholona. Ua ninoieo o ekolu keʻena, he iauae ieiuaae o 400 ka m ^2.

Aia ma kēia wahi he mau ho'olaha i ho'ola'a'ia i nā hui like'ole o ka flora a me ka'āina. Aia kekahi hale ka'awale i ka hale ho'olālā, i ho'ola'a piha'ia i nā manu o ka mālama'āina.

Eia hou, loa'a i nā malihini ke manawa kūpono e nānā i nā lunamaka nui o ka'āina o ka mālama'āina: ka diae, ka dia, ka lio hihiu, ka bison, ka bear, wolf,'īlio hae.

Kaha 9. Aia nā huaka'i

Ho'olālā nui ka ho'olimalima'ana, ka ho'okipa'āina a me nā mea'imi e'imi nei i ka Reserve Berezinsky. Ua hā'awi'ia nā po'e malihini kipa i nā papahana like'ole e noho ai ma ka'āina o ka pu'uhonua, a ke'ae nei lākou i ka'ae'ana.

Wahi a ka hapanui, ma'ane'i e hiki iā'oe ke ho'omaha a'a'ole wale kahi kamali'i makua. He wahi punahele ka Bereinsky Reserve no nā keiki. No ke aha? Pane'ia ka pane: pono, kahi e hiki ai iā'oe ke holo nui i ka mau'u, e uē a'ike i nā manu'ē'ole a me nā holoholona ola?

Ma ke'ano laulā, hiki iā mākou ke'ōlelo hō'oia e pili ana kēia mālama'āina i kahi'ano laulā ma'amau, kahi e mālama'ia ai ka nānā'ana i nā papa hana kūlohelohe a me nā phenomena i loko o ke kaiapuni maika'i. 'O ia ke kumu i hele mai ai nā pū'ulu'ōpiopio'ōpio a me nā mea'anakamai ma'amau i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Ho'okahi wale nō lā noho e hiki ai ke hana i nā mea'oko'a he nui loa!

Kūle'a nā malihini kipa i ka ho'oma'ama'a'ana i nā mea kūlohelohe o ka'āina me ke kōkua'ana o nā alawai kūlohelohe. Hā'awi'ia lākou no ka ne'e'ana o nā pū'ulu ho'onohonoho, a me kahi alaka'i kūpono.

E ho'omaopopo ma muli o ke ala a me ka lō'ihi o ka ne'e'ana o ka pae holomua, nā ka'a a me nā wai. Hiki ke lohe'ia nā loiloi kū'oko'a e pili ana iā lākou a pau - e kau'ia ia ma nā pahuhopu, ke'ono a, a paha, ke'ano o ka malihini.

Ma ke'ano laulā, inā i mana'o'i'o'oe i ka'ike, hiki i ka huaka'i hele i ka manawa mālama i ka helehelena nani i ka lewa. Eia na'e, pono e no'ono'o pono kekahi i ka'ike'ana o ke anuanu i kēia manawa he hiki ke loli loa,'o ia ho'i he mea pono'oe e lawe i kahi ho'opalapula a i'ole he kāpena mai ka ua.