'O ke kumuhana ATS. ATS (kahi ho'onohonoho kūpono) no ka pūnaewele

Ma ke'ano ma'amau o ka hā'awi'ana i ka mana, ho'olako'ia ka ikehu e ka po'e mana a lawe'ia i kahi o kona ho'ohana. A hiki aku i ka papa kuhikuhiE kumu o ka mea, ekolu pohaku i ka hana, i ka mana o ka lua o ka mea ulana pukapuka, hoʻokomo 'ole halihali mīkini hana wāwahie E e hoʻohana' ia no ka hana lima paha akomi hānai i ka haawe ana, a mea he kiʻikuhi ATS ( 'akomi hoolilo). Kona papa hana o ka redistribution o ka mana mai ka maka aha a hiki i ka papaʻa mana lako.

III nā kumu hana o ka mana pono

E like me ka mea i'ike'ia, ho'oka'awale nā pūnaewele mana i nā mea kū'ai a pau,'o ia ho'i nā po'e (kānāwai a me ke kino) i ho'oholo ai lākou i nā ku'ikahi no ka hā'awi'ana i ka hela, i'ekolu mau'ano e pili ana i ka hilina'i o ka lako uila. Ke kūlana ha'aha'a loa i ke kolu o ka kāwai. Hana'ia kēlā mea kū'ai i ka mea ho'ohana i ho'okahi volta kaomi'ekolu o ka 6 a 10'VV (mau manawa 400 V) ai'ole kahi 230 V ka hopena ho'okahi o kahi pani pani, akā,'o ke kumukū'ai o ka ho'ohui'ana i nā kaumaha i ka pūnaewele ma kēia mahele he mea li'ili'i - ua lawa ia e ho'omohala i kahi KTP me ka ho'ololi ho'okahi. 'O ka laina kau laina kokoke loa.

Makemake au i kahi papahana ATS no ka papa III?

Hiki i ka PUE ke hā'awi i ka mana o ka mana i lalo o kēia kumumana'o, inā ho'okūpa'a ka mana hana i ka ho'iho'i'ana i ka mana ma hope o nā pōpilikia no ka lō'ihi'ole i ho'okahi lā. A inā'a'ole pēlā? A laila, pono'oe i kahi waihona mana waihona,'o ia ka mea he benzo elele elele a me ka mea generator diesel. I nā manawa i hala, ua ho'okomo lima nā mea'ai i kā lākou mau ukana iā lākou a ho'oku'u iā lākou i ka hana. Akā, i ka holo'ana o ka hana'ana o kēia mau huahana, ua lilo i mea hiki ke ho'okō i kā lākou hana'ana me ka hana'ole'ana o ke kanaka.

A inā hiki i ka ho'omaka'ana o ka mechanelel generator pono'ī, a laila hiki iā ia ke ho'ohui i nā kaumaha o ka mea kū'ai i ia. No laila, aia kekahi mana'o hou o kahi'oko'a lua-i loko o ka wai,'o ka elele elela, i hō'ike'ia ma lalo nei, ua lilo i mea ma'amau no ka hale kū'oko'a.

II mahele: makemake'o ia i kahi ATS

Inā ho'omohu ka mea kū'ai i nā mana komo pūnaewele'elua, a laila hele i ka'ao'ao a'e -'o ka lua. Ma kēia'ano, ka ikehu, ma ke'ano he rula, koi ka mea e uku aku ai ka po'e kū'ai no ka hana'ana i kahi panihakahaka'elua. Ma ka simplestʻano mea maupaʻa mau kaʻa 'ohua pauku (i kēia mea pono Aluminum paha, i mea maikaʻi, ke keleawe holehole mai ai i) kiʻekiʻe anakahi uila a me kona papa kuhikuhiE kuapo, a hiki i kela mea keia mea o ka i ua pipili wale kekahi o ka mea kiʻekiʻe-anakahi uila bushings (6' ole 10 kV). Ma waena o nā māhele o kahi i kapa'ia ka'āpana'āpana i kapa'ia. Inā ua wehe'ia, hiki i kēlā me kēia waihona ke'ena voltage ke ho'ohana'ia e ho'okahi mea transformer (kahi wale nō o nā mea'elua e hana nei,'o ka lua o ka mālama'ia - a he mea kēia e pono ai nā mea ho'ohana pūnaewele). Inā loa'a ka hāmole i ka volishiki ma kekahi o nā mea komo, hiki ke ho'ololi i ka elela o ka mea ho'ohana i ke alahele o ka'āpana a kau i kahi ukana i ka mea hana hou e ho'olālā i ka ho'okomo'ana mai kahi komo nui voltage.

'O ka mea kū'ai,'oia'i'o,'a'ole pono iā AVR. Eia na'e, i loko o nā makahiki he'umi i hala aku nei, ua'ōlelo pinepine nā kamupene ikaika i ka ho'okomo'ana iā lākou i nā mea hana'elua-transformer ma ka'ao'ao ha'aha'a ha'aha'a. 'O ia'ano palekana ABP he'elua hanana no nā puka makani ha'aha'a o nā mea like'ole (pono iā lāua a'elua, akā, ho'okahi wale nō o ia mau mea e ho'ouka'ia i kēlā me kēia manawa) a ho'okahi puka i nā papa ha'aha'a ha'aha'a i ho'ohui'ia.

'Ala mua - AVP makemake'ia

Akā inā'a'ole i piha ka mea kū'ai i ka loiloi lō'ihi e ho'ololi i nā mea komo, a laila, ua ho'okau'ia'o ia e ho'ohana i ka ATS me ka'ole a ne'e i ka'ao'ao e hiki mai ana o ka mana kūpono -'o ka mua. Ma kona'ano ma'alahi, hiki i ke ki'ikuhi kelepona o ka ATS ke komo i'elua mau ho'okomo mai nā'āpana'elua o nā pahi ka'a o ke pani a me ka ho'ololi o ka'āpana o ka māhele ('o ka moena ma'amau). Inā ha'alele ka volter ma ka ho'okomo i ka ho'okomo, hiki i ka automation ke'oki i kona kī komo a ho'ololi i ka ho'ohele o ka'āpana. Ma hope o kēlā, e hele mai ka volilina ka'a pūnaewele mai ka lua o ka komo'ana. E ho'okomo'ia ka AVR i loko o kēia hihia ma ka'ao'ao ha'aha'a ha'aha'a o ke pani, e like me ia i ho'ākāka'ia ma luna nei.

Akā mai ka po'e kū'ai o ka māhele 1,'o ka PUE i ho'ohui'ia i kahi hui kūikawā, i'ole e komo i loko o'elua kōkuhi pūnaewele pūnaewele, akā pono pono ka loa'a'ana o kahi mea ho'okomo pūnaewele'ekolu, i hana'ia i ka hana pūnaewele diesel. I kēia hihia, koi'ia kahi ATS no nā mea ho'okomo. Ho'olālā'ia kona māka'ika'i ma kahi ha'aha'a ha'aha'a.

Pehea e hana ai'o ATS pū me nā mea hana generator

I kēia mau lā, ua'ike'ia nā pūnaewele kūikawā me kahi mea mālama microprocessor ma ka mākeke. He mea nui i kaulana i kēia'ene'ane i ka mālama'ia'ana e nā pūkaho pūnaewele o Easy i ho'okumu'ia e Moeller. Ke ho'ākāka nei i nā hō'ailona o nā pūnaewele volter,'ike ka microcontroller i ka mana o ka mana a ho'omaka i ke ka'ina hana no ka ho'omaka'ana i ka pūnaehana generator (ke ho'ohana pinepine'ia). Ke hiki i ka voltage i hā'awi'ia a me ke alapine, ho'ololi ka pūnaewele mana e hā'awi i ka ukana i ka mea kū'ai. Mai ka mana'o o ka ho'olālā uila,'o ka pilina pili o ATS no nā kaumaha nui a me ka mana, he hana pa'akikī, no ka mea, hiki'ole i ka ho'okae'ana o ka manawa a me nā pilikia'oihana ke pa'akikī i ka loa'a'ana o ka mana kope.

Ka māmā a me ka nānā'ana i nā mana

'O kekahi o nā hana nui o ka pūnaewele ATS'o ia e'ike i kahi hāmole voltage a i'ole ka pau'ana o ke kumuhana mana nui. Ma ke'ano he kūlana, ke nānā'ia nā'ao'ao a pau o ka pūnaewele lako ma ka'ao'ao ma o kahi laina palena ha'aha'a (kahi pūnaewele kia'i manawa). Ho'opa'a'ia ka helu hemahema e ka iho'ana voltage ma lalo o kahi kūpono i'ae'ia ma kekahi o nā māhele. Lawe'ia ka'ike voltage a me ke alapine i ka pale kaua ATS, kahi e hiki ai ke ho'omau i ka hānai'ana i nā kaumaha. Pono e ho'one'e'ia ka palena iki o ka voltage a me ke alapine ma mua o ka ho'ololi'ana i nā kaumaha i ka mana mai ke kumukū'ai waihona, a'o ka mana e pono ai ke hā'awi.

Ho'olālā manawa lō'ihi

Loa'a i ka papa hana ATS ka hiki ke ho'ololi i ka manawa lō'ihi no kāna hana. He hana pono kēia no ka hiki'ana ke ho'ōki i nā mea i hana'ole'ia mai ka pūnaewele nui i nā pōpilikia pōkole. 'O ka wā lō'ihi ka lō'ihi e kāpae i nā huaka'i ka wā pōkole, i'ole e ho'one'e i nā papa kūpono'ole o nā pūnaewele ho'oili a me nā loli ho'ololi iā lākou. 'O kēia lō'ihi i ke kōā o 0 a 6 kekona, a'o ka lua o ka mea'o ia ke koho ma'amau. He pōkole, akā, he lawa ka ho'ohui'ana i nā kaumaha o nā mea kū'ai i nā lako hana mana. Nui nā po'e i kēia mau lā e kū'ai ana i nā lako mana ikaika'ole me ka pāhana i ho'ouka'ia, e mālama ana i ka manawa lō'ihi ke kali.

Ho'olālā manawa hou

Ma hope o ka hoihoi hou'ia'ana o ka mana nui, pono ka manawa e pono ai e hō'oia'i'o i ka pa'a o ke kaumaha no ka ho'oka'awale'ana mai ia mana mana. E like me ka mea e kau ai, no ka zero a 30 mau minuke. 'O ka ATS no ka pūnaewele e ho'ololi i kēia manawa ma ka ho'i'ana i kahi kumu nui inā pau ka waihona, a ke hana mau nei ka mea nui.

'O ka lō'ihi'ekolu o ka manawa lō'ihi e pili ana i ka manawa o ka ho'olina'ana o ke kino. Ma kona lō'ihi, e ho'omalu i ka pūnaewele mana o ka pūnaewele diesel i ka mea i ho'okae'ia a ha'alele'ia.

I ka hapanui o nā hihia, he mea pono loa ia e ho'ololi i nā ukana i kahi mea ho'olālā ho'omalu e like me ka loa'a'ana o nā pae volima kūpono a me nā alapine. Eia na'e, i kekahi mau manawa, makemake nā mea ho'ohana hopena i ka papa o ka ho'ololi'ana i nā kaumaha like'ole i ka mea ho'olālā ho'omalu. I ka wā e pono ai, e hana ana nā'ōnaehana ATS no ka pūnaewele me ka ho'okae manawa ho'okahi, i hiki ke ho'ohui'ia nā kawili i ka pūnaewele ma kēlā me kēia kauoha i makemake'ia.

'O nā mea hana o nā ka'ina ho'onohonoho mālama'āina

'O ka hopena hopena o ka papa i mana'o'ia o nā'ōpili,'o ka ho'ololi'ana o nā ka'a kalaika, ko lākou ho'ololi'ana mai ka ho'okomo nui i ka waihona. E like me ka mea i'ōlelo'ia ma luna, ma nā pani hili e hiki ke hana i ka circuit circuit ATS ma ka'ao'ao o ka volter ki'eki'e a me lalo. I ka hihia mua,'o kona mau ho'olālā ho'olālā he mau loli ki'eki'e nui ia. Ma ka hihia'elua, e pili ana i ka ho'ololi i nā kaumaha i ka ho'okomo pūnaewele, hiki ke ho'ololi'ia e nā mea ha'aha'a ha'aha'a.

Hiki iā lākou ke lilo i kekahi o nā mea hana o ka papa kuhikuhi (panel) o ka ATS, ai'ole paha ma waho o ia mea a lilo i māhele o ka mana nui o ka mana i nā kaumaha. I ka hihia mua, hiki iā'oe ke ho'ohana i nā mea hō'ailona mana - ua ho'ohana'ia ia i nā mea launa'ole no nā mea kū'ai'ole o ka'oihana'oihana ma ka mana o kā lākou mau kaumaha a hiki i nā'umi o ke kW. Ma nā'oihana ki'eki'e, ho'ohana'ia ka ATS ma luna o nā mea hulina. 'O ke kumu o ka'ōpili ma nā'ano'elua he like.

'O nā kelepona'ilihune kū'oko'a i waho o nā papa hana ka'ina o nā kaapuni pūnaewele me nā pūnaewele electromagnetic. 'O ka hana o ka'ōnaehana ATS maoli, i kēia manawa, ho'oemi'ia i ka hanauna a me ka ho'ouna'ana i nā hō'ailona / a me nā hāme'a e pili ana iā lākou.

'O ka Typical AVR pōpili no 3 mau helu komo. Nā papahana a me nā hana algorithm

Ieaie? Oaony no? Ieoaeunoai i? Iaaiey eaaaiey i? Iaaiey i? Iia aieiie 0.4 kV mai i? Aaeaeoaoaoaoao: 'O nā luna ho'ona'auao he mau kaapuni pinepine Q1, Q2 a me Q3 o kēlā me kēia o nā mea komo, e pale ana i nā kaumaha o ka māhele 1 o ka mana e pono.

'O ka algorithm o ka poho penei:

1. Aia ka volene ma ka papa nui. A laila ua hele a Q1, a ua pa'i ka Q2 a me Q3.

2.'A'ohe volene ma ke ki'ina nui, akā i ka waihona kope i loa'a. A laila ua hele a Q2, a ua pilikia'o Q1 a me Q3.

3.'A'ohe volene ma kahi kī nui a me nā ho'okomo pūnaewele. A laila ua hele a Q3, a ua pa'i ka Q1 a me Q2.