Oxalicʻakika

Reserve carboxylic diacid me ka loa haʻilula C2H2O4 i kapaʻia ma ka kahua hoʻonohonohoʻana nomenclature ethanedioicʻakika. Kēia hui ua iʻikeʻia e kekahi oi na inoa - oxalicʻakika. Ua Ua mua hua mai la e ka German chemist F. Wohler o cyanogen (oxalicʻakika dinitrile) i ka 1824. Colorless nā pōaka o kaʻakika mea hoʻoheheʻe i loko o ka wai, e lilo colorless pāʻoihana. molar kaumaha mea 90,04 g. / Mol. Ma ka helehelena kohu monoclinic colorless nā pōaka. Ma 20 ° C i ka 100 g. O ka wai, i mea hoʻoheheʻe 8 g. O oxalicʻakika. Wailana ma ka acetone, ethanol a me ka'eto Etera wale no. Nuʻa 1,36 g. / Cm³. Heheʻe ma 189,5 ° C, sublimes ma 125 ° C, decomposes ma 100-130 ° C.

All Nine Inch waiwai ano o ka carboxylic nāʻakika, oxalicʻakika paʻa. Haʻilula ia: HOOC-COOH. I loko nō o ka mea e pili ana i carboxylic nāʻakika ua noʻonoʻo (3000 manawa ikaika ma mua o aceticʻakika) he ikaika ke alohaʻakika: C2O4H2 → C2O4H- + H + (pKa = 1.27) a me ka hou aku: C2O4H- → C2O42 - + H + (PK = 4.27). Nā mea kemika a me ka paʻakai o kēiaʻakika i kapaia oxalate. C2O42- oxalate ion mea he hoemi hope paha. Ma ka naoh o oxalicʻakika me ka pāʻoihana o ke potasiuma permanganate (KMnO4) a me ka hope, ua loaʻa hou pāʻoihana i colorless. Ua Ua wehewehe aku e reversible naoh a lohi waikahe e naoh me ka waiʻona mai ke kino (esterification) me ka hopena o ka a na nā mea kemika i hana: HOOC-COOH + 2HOR ↔ 2H2O + ROOC-COOR.

I hana, oxalicʻakika, loaa ma'okesaside o ka Nine Inch i huiʻia. No ka laʻana, ma ke alo o ka vanadium hōʻeleu (V2O5) hui o nitricʻakika (HNO3) a me ka sulfuric (H2SO4) nāʻakika oxidize waiʻona mai ke kino, a me glycols carbohydrates. No hoi e pono hana o ka'etolina a acetylene'okesaside me nitricʻakika (HNO3) i loko o ke alo o ka palladium paʻakai o Pd (NO3) 2 paha PdCl2. Oxalicʻakika ua hua mai propylene, he wai i ua oxidized ma ka naikokene'okikene lua (NO2). He mea i maikai e nānā ana kaʻina hana no ka hoomakaukau naoh o kaʻakika me ka paʻakai hydroxide (NaOH) me ka kalapona monoxide (CO) ma ka waena kahua o ka ho okumu o ka paʻakai formate: NaOH + CO → HCOONa. A laila, i ka i hana paʻakai oxalate a me ka hydrogen ua hoʻokuʻuʻia: HCOONa + NaOH → NaOOC-COONa + h2 ↑. O ka paʻakai oxalate i loko o kaʻakika 'ia i loaa mai ai oxalicʻakika: NaOOC-COONa + 2H + → HOOC-COOH + 2Na +.

Main palapala noi o oxalicʻakika - kekahi, i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe 'ole whitening. Oxalicʻakika hiki pono wehe i ka popo, ai na mea he nui, i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe 'ana hoʻohui pū i ka Nine Inch hui. About ka hapaha o oxalicʻakika hua mai la ua hoʻohana 'ia e like me ka mordant no dyeing i kaʻili a me ka lole hana. Ua hiki ke hoʻohana pū me he mea kemikala (GOST 22180-76) ma ka mākau kemika. Etandioevayaʻakika dihydrate (HOOC-COOH • H2O) Li 2431-002-77057039-2006 me ka nui hapa iki o ka kumu waiwai ≥ 99,3% ua hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ka? Iecaianoaaiiie keʻano o ka hanaʻana o ke aloha hoʻololi kemikala no ka huikala ana o ka lepo a me ka unahiʻole, i mea hiki ke hooheheeia no ke loloʻa i sectioning microscopy. Beekeepers hana o oxalicʻakika pāʻoihana me ka nui hapa iki o ka 3.2% i kō malakeke no ka paioʻana i ka parasitic ukuia. Ma ka pau 'kinikini hale kona ili ia, e hoʻopaʻa i ka wepa, a me ka haawi ia lakou glints.

Oxalicʻakika a oxalates makana i loko o na mea kanu, a meʻeleʻele kī, e loaʻa i loko o na holoholona. I ka papa kuhikuhiE poino i kānaka ua pili me kaʻaʻa puʻuwai e hemahema, a ia lŘlŘ aie i ka AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN o oxalicʻakika me ka kalipuna, kūpono ana ma ke kimu o ka paa kalipuna oxalate (SaS2O4) - i ka papa kuhikuhiE ke keʻena i loko o hakuʻala pohaku. ʻakika hoʻonāukiukiʻana mai o ke ami hoiʻeha ma muli o ke kimu o ka poe i huiʻia i loko o ia mau mea. Oxalicʻakika hiki ke hanaʻia i loko o ke kino ma ka pūnao o'etolina e hele mai ana, mai ka kaiapuni (e laʻa me, Anati-icing o ia hoʻi, no ka aaioee na runways o airports a me airplanes, e like me nā kumu ke kanaka-i). Loaʻaʻia pilikia me oxalate i loko o ke kanaka kino hiki ke maheleia i elua. First - nui macrocell kalipuna e hoopaa ana oxalicʻakika a me kona deficiency ua hana i loko o na keena o nā'aʻaʻa a me nā loko. Ka lua - i ke kahua o ka hakuʻala pohaku. Ka nui dala o oxalicʻakika na ma ka spinach lau a me anei i ka rhubarb, kikokiko, beets, parsley, scallions.