Pähola 'o ka temperament. Mai Hippocrates i Pavlova

E kamailio e pili ana i ka kumumanaʻo o ka temperament, e hoʻomaka ana me ka naʻauao o ka olelo. Temperamentum (Roma.) - maʻamau lākiō kekahi mau manaʻoʻike 'ano a me ka lākou o kanaka hiʻona o ke kanaka pili me ka hana, hōʻeuʻeu waiwai külana. Ua characterizes ka oi aku ko mākou hopohopo hana o ka meaola.

Ma keia mea, aia nō kekahi mau haʻawina o okoa kākau, akā,ʻo nā mea a pau o ia ma kekahi ala e pili ana i 'ole ma muli o ka temperament kumumanaʻo hoʻomohalaʻia e Hippocrates. He kapa ia he "humoral" (mai ka Roma "Quotes." - wai). Gippokrat ua hoʻopili waiwai temperament liluwelo loli maʻamau ma ke kino:

• bile (keʻena nui): nanaina aku, hiki wawe ko, pahū, Hanalei Moon hoʻololi koke - he heahea;
• mucus (phlegm): malie, phlegmatic, 'O ke kaulike, hoopuni OIeEOEIeAeEIIe, hoolohe mai - keia mea phlegmatic;
• koko (Sangvis): oluolu ke hoomanawanui me ka luhi loa,ʻoliʻoli, optimistic, sociable - he sanguine;
• ʻeleʻele bile (chalk keʻena): hilahila, prone e ke kaumaha, hoana, ikepili koʻikoʻi i kaʻawaʻawa loa - Ua melancholic.

'Amelika a me' Eulopa nānaina o ka 'epekema

Similar theories temperament hookupaaia German E. Kretschmer a me W. Sheldon Amelika. By Kretschmer (Kumukanawai kumumanaʻo), i ke ano a me ka welelau o ka noʻonoʻo maʻi i loko o ka hopena i pili ai me ka 'ole o ke kanaka kino:

• Leptosomatik (brittle) - shizotemichesky type. Prone i kokololio loli o Emotions, paa a me ka paakiki.
• Picnic (manoanoa) - tsiklotemichesky type (cyclothem - manic-depressive maʻi). He oluolu, e leka uila, Ouji, prone i ka naʻau i loko nā poʻohiwi.
• 'Âlapa o (' âlapa o) - iksotemichesky type (iksotemiya - epilepsy). Maluhia, i okoa'ōlewa manaʻo.
• Displastik (PilikiaʻAʻole i hoʻonohonoho pono) - malihini a type temperament.

W. Sheldon hōʻike 'ekolu ' ano o ka temperament , ke kaumaha ma muli o ka 'ole o ke kino.

• tserebrotonik: Kretschmer i keia leptosomatik a me Hippocrates - melancholic;
• somatotonik: pela, kekahi kime pāʻani, ka heahea;
• vistserotonik: Picnic a me sanguine.

Kēia kumumanaʻo ma ka liʻiliʻi loa, a ua kaulana mawaena o ka hoʻomalu ma keia kahua, akā, i loko o ka wā e hiki mai pilina ma waena o ka 'ole o ke kino a me ka noʻonoʻo maʻi i manaoia e e unproven.

Kokoke i ka lanakila

All theories o temperament ma kaʻike manaʻo, me ka lawa pololei ma ka wehewehena, aole nae i hiki ke noʻonoʻo pono i piha dogma. Anna no ka mea, i loko o ke ola maoli ke hui pu i keʻano o nā deviations mai ka aponoia hae.

Soviet nānaina

AI Pavlov ma ka hoʻopaʻa ' ana o ka ua'emi'ōnaehanaʻAno kipaku ia e ka mea i ka excitation a me ka inhibition o kona keʻano o ka hanaʻana i hoʻomaka ai i loko o kēlā me kēia kanaka kanaka ha i. Ke kaumaha ma muli o ko lākou māmā holo,ʻo ia hōʻike 'eha ke ano:

• Ka hoʻoneʻe: hiki wawe ko, ikaika (Hippocrates - ka heahea);
• nawaliwali:'ōpaha (melancholic);
• e mālie: AEeOEXAaI (phlegmatic);
• rampant: ka ikaika,'ōpaha (sanguine).

E like me 'oe ke ike, a pau i ke kumu o kumumanaʻo o ka temperament somehow intersect me ka Hippocratic kumumanaʻo. ʻO Mānoa, he wahi kekahi, pono inoa okoa. I ka Ia manawa, ua pono no i ka maoli ola, aole ia e pono i loko o kekahi pähola 'o ka temperament pakeneka hoʻokahi haneri o. Hiki wale nō'ōlelo e pili ana i nā lauana.