Pehea e hana i ka aaiaoe Ka Ikepili? Aaiaoe Ka Ikepili: hōʻike manaʻo, kuai

? Ac? A aaiaoe? E ho'ōla hele ma kēlāʻaoʻao o ka hoʻokahi wale nō 'epekema aʻo, a huli i hana hana. He nui o keia mau kauka e hoʻohana aaiaoe ikea ai 'ike i kau i ka pololeiʻike, e foresee hiki ke hoʻopau i ka maʻi, a me nā kumumea ka hoʻopukaʻana i kā lākou ulu. E hana i kēia, i ke ahonui wale pono i kekahi, i ka aaiaoe ho'āʻo e hōʻike i ka piha kiʻi o ka predisposition i ka maʻi.

A mau olelo e pili ana i DNA

Dezoksirybonukleinovayaʻakika (DNA) - o ka luna 'kau o nucleotides, a i hanaʻia i loko o ke kaula - nā'ōewe. He kēia intracellular ho okumu hāpai hereditary ike mai na makua a me ka pū i hiki i ka poʻe mamo.

I ka manawa o ka embryo ho okumu ua lawe mai loa kokololio aeea mahele. Ma keia ke kahua, ma ka hihia o ka hewa liʻiliʻi, i ka poe i kaheaia'ōewe mutations. Ka mea, o ka mea nana e hoakaka i ke kanaka o ke kanaka. Mutations hiki e nā maikaʻi a me ka io.

ʻepekema, ua hapa 'ia' i hiki ke decipher i ke kanaka aaiaoe kivila. Ka mea, i ke alo o kekahi nā'ōewe pono maʻi, a me ka mea hoʻonui i ka innate ia'ku i ka maʻi kekahi. Aaiaoe Ka Ikepili haawi kauka i kekahi kiʻi o ana ia mea maikaʻi, e hana i ka hoomanawanui, haawi mai ai i kona propensity.

Monogenic maʻi a me ka polymorphism

Kauka waiho aku i ka hana i ka aaiaoe Ka Ikepili o kēlā me kēia kanaka. Ua Ua paʻa hookahi i loko o ka wā e ola ana. E like me ka hopena o ka aaiaoe palapala holo'āina'ē ua i. Ua hōʻike ana e hiki i nā maʻi a me ka predisposition ia ia.

No ka congenital maʻi i monogenic mutations. Ka mea, e kū aʻeʻoe ma muli o ka loli ana o ka hookahi nucleotide i loko o ka'ōewe i kekahi. Pinepine, i na hope i hewa ole, akā, hiki i kekahi manawa i mea maʻi. Mawaena o ia mea, no ka laʻana, fenilketanuriya a me muscular dystrophy.

Polymorphism ua pili i ka hope o nucleotides i loko o ka'ōewe, akā, 'aʻole i' ana i ka maʻi, akā, wale lawelawe 'ana me ka anakahi o ka predisposition a hiki i kēia maʻi. Polymorphism - he 'ano, he pono ole kŰia. Ua hoike mai ai ia ia iho i loko o oi aku 1% o kanaka i loko o ka heluna kanaka.

Ke alo aku o ka polymorphism Hōʻike ia ma lalo o kekahi mau rula, o ka hope o nā palapala aʻe i kūkulu i ka maʻi. Akā, i kēia mea,ʻaʻole heʻike, akā, wale kekahi o na koho. Inā he olakino Aloha Hawaii e alakaʻi, ae ho'āʻo ana i ka palapala aʻe, e hoʻoneʻe 'ia paha i ka maʻi, e loa hōʻike.

Rognozirovanie congenital maʻi

Ka hooulu ana o kēia aaiaoe? I wale ke aho i ke alo o congenital maʻi a predisposition iā ia, akā, i ke kilokilo i ke ola o unborn keiki. No keia hopena, nā mākua i loko o ka hoʻolālā kahua o ka hāpai keiki mea pono i kekahi, i ka aaiaoe Ka Ikepili. ina kekahi o na makua, ua loaʻa i ka luna 'maʻi kēia mea oi loa nui.

Ua pili kekahi i ka maʻi i ka i hele genetically. I waena o ia mea hemophilia, i loli ai aneane pau monarchic dynasties o ka Old 'Eulopa, ma ka mare, ua pono ole, e hooikaika kālai'āina ano laulea.

Nō hoʻi, aaiaoe Ka Ikepili, e hōʻike i ka predisposition o ke keiki i ka maʻi 'aʻai, mimikō mellitus, hypertension, coronary naʻau maʻi. ina kekahi, mai ka wā e hiki mai mākua i loko o ka 'ohana i mau diagnoses kēia mea oi loa nui. Susceptibility nā'ōewe paha e recessive (uhi pū) ana, akā, e hoʻoneʻe 'ia paha i loko o ka wā e hiki mai ka mea ana i ke keiki.

E ho'āʻo ai i hāpai keiki

Inā ma ka manawa o ka hoʻoneʻe i ke keiki i ka ua? Aeiiaiaoaony e haawi aku no kālailai na makua, i hāpai keiki hana aaiaoe ikea ai o ka fetus. No keia mea, e lawe no ka Ikepili amniotic loli, ka piko o ke koko a me placental hapa.

i koi ia haʻawina, e hooholo i ka manawa kūpono o congenital ka maʻi. Kēia mea he nui loa unpredictable maʻi e hana ana i ka hopena o ka fetal mutations i ole e ike mua i mua hiki. I waena o kēia mau maʻi no i ka Down maʻi pale ia ai ka fetus no kekahi kumu, aole mea he keu chromosome. Ka mea maʻamau dala no kekahi kanaka - 46 chromosomes, 23 hui, kekahi mai o ka makuakane a me ka makuwahine. Down ka maʻi pale i Konakele. 47th unpaired chromosome.

No hoi, e hiki ma hope o undergoing luna 'infectious maʻi i hāpai keiki aaiaoe mutations: syphilis, rubella. E like me ka hopena o keia Ka Ikepili mea hiki e hooholo ia i ka abortion, no ka mea, ka mea unborn keiki makemake e loa unviable.

Women ma kamepiula

O ka holo ana, no ka hoao ana no ka fetal maʻi makemake e aho e e kela expectant makuahine, akā, ma laila nō ka nui o nāʻikepili no keia ina hana. Mua o nā mea a pau, e ka makahiki. Ma hope o 30 makahiki, mau kamepiula nui o abnormalities i loko o ka fetus. Ua hoi maoli ina he ua i na hihia o ka miscarriage. I na kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao kakahiaka nui o ka ike o ka pilikia, he mea pono i ka kekahi, e ho'āʻo ai e hoike ana i na mea a pau i loko o mea.

Ana i ka hapai keiki o na wahine a me infectious maʻi, a me nā palapū. Ka mea, ke i ho ololi i ka papa o ka ho okumu ana o ka fetus. Ka koke ia ka mea ana, i ka nui o ka pilikia o ka pilikia mutations.

Aia He mau i ka pilikia o kūpono ? Acaeoey o ka fetus, ina ma ka manawa o ka hapai ana paha i loko o ke kakahiaka nui kuʻina ma hope o ka makuahine haule iho ma lalo o ka aoao o ka pilikia aʻe. Ka mea, i ke koko, e like me ka waiʻona, ikaika laau lapaau, psychotropic waiwai, X-kukuna a me ka 'ē aʻe pāhawewe.

A, o ka papa, e e maikaʻi palekana, ina he ohana i kāinoa mua keiki me congenital abnormalities.

Paternity hoʻokolohua

I kekahi manawa i loko o ke ola, a me ka mea i hiki ai i ka wa a ka paternity o ke keiki mea ole. A no kekahi kumu, aole he kanalua i ka makuakane a me ke keiki, a me ka makuwahine, a me ka keiki ka hoahanau. Ma keia hihia ia mea hiki ke lawe mai i ka aaiaoe koko ho'āʻo e hooholo Pilina. I ka pololei o ka noiʻi oi ma mua o 90%.

Ae, a me ke kaʻina hana iho ka poe noonoo ole. He nui iho la ia, e haawi aku no ke koko makua a me ke keiki. Mau anakahi mea oluolu e ike ai i ko na nā'ōewe i loko o kēia mau kanaka.

Hoʻoholo 'ana o paternity, e like me ka rula, e hoʻohana' ia i loko o forensic 'epekema, e hooiaio ole höʻoia' i ka pono no ka mālama 'ana i hana.

predictive lapaau

Kela a me keia makahiki, kauka ahupapa a i ole e hana maʻi, a me ke ao aku iā lākou ma mua o nā symptoms mua. E like me ka hoike e aaiaoe Ka Ikepili, keia mea,ʻaʻole pēlā paʻakikī. No ka mea, o ka genotype mea, ua hiki no e paipai i na mai i kekahi kanaka o loa.

Kēia au i ua kapaia predictive (predictive) lapaau. Ma muli o ka aaiaoe palapala holo'āina'ē, i ke kauka e hoʻoholo i ke ola o kona hoomanawanui, ao aku la ia ia no ka pilikia i na mea e hiki e ke kāhea no ka hooulu ana i ka maʻi. O ka maʻalahi a ho'ēmi ma mua o lawe i ka lōʻihi, a me kekahi manawa,ʻaʻole loa ka hoʻokō Inc.

HIV / kōkua iā ia, e ho'āʻo ai

I kēia lā, i ho'āʻo no HIV / kōkua iā ia, i i ka lilo ana o aaiaoe noiʻi. Ke hana nei i huikau, akā, no ka lōʻihi o ka manawa o ka anamanaʻo. Akā, i ka hopena o keia Ka Ikepili e hou pololei a me ka hōʻikeʻana i.

He nui kēia PalekanaEND_LINK ioauoa e aaiaoe Ka Ikepili, ke kumukuai o ka i mea ole i ka mea a pau a hiki i ka awelika ahonui. Ua pau hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka hana: i ka waiwai e lilo aku loli aʻe mai 300 rubles i na umi o na tausani. Nolaila, aole hoi he kumu no ka hoole i ka hoʻomaka ia i ka ao informative, o ka oi aku ina mea ke hoola i ka ola o oe a me kau mau keiki.