PolarʻImi Loa Peter Freih: Kawaihae, pilikino ola, discoveries a me ka hana hoihoi kūʻiʻo

Peter Lorenz Edfred Freih (02.02.1886-02.09.1957) - Denemaka ArcticʻImi Loa, mea kākau o ka lehulehu puke, anthropologist a me kanaka moʻolelo nūpepa. Kona Kawaihae, me kona kino ola, a hele e e hoʻolaʻa i ka 'atikala. He nui i loko o ke ola o Peter Freih pili me ka Soviet Union. He kipa Rusia, a komo i loko o kāna huakaʻi i i ka Arctic kūpono 'ana. He hana pū 'ana hoʻi me ka Soviet Polar explorers. A me ka mea, ua ike e pili ana i kona kino ola? I mai la lakou ia i noho i loko o Greenland, a hiki i ka wahine Eskimo? Ma nā kiʻi paʻi ArcticʻImi Loa nana e like me ka maoli pilikua. No loko o ka kaiāulu me kana petite wahine. He aha ka mea - hewa ma hope kiʻi paʻi a Freih maoli e loaa ana gigantism? He aha puke ka mea, ua palapala? E hiki anei ka mea heluhelu i ka inexperienced kanaka i loko o ka 'epekema terminology? A pau keia e e kūkākūkā i loko o kēia 'atikala.

Kawaihae, i ka hoʻomaka o ka 'oihana hele

Peter Freyhen i hānau i loko o ke kūlanakauhale o Nykøbing, Denmark, Pepeluali 2, 1886. Kona mau makua Benzon Lorenz a me Anna Petrina Frederikka (Nee Rasmussen). Boy mai ka noho 'ana kamaliʻi i o Laielohelohe i ke kai iho. Paha loli nā'ōewe Viking. Akā, i ke kanaka opiopio puka 'o ia mai ke Kulanui, "philology". Ua kōkua iā ia ma hope, e lilo kaulana like me ka mea kākau a me ka kanaka moʻolelo nūpepa. I ka 1906, oia hoʻolālā i loko o ka huakaʻi, a lala, penei, i ka makahiki 1908 aʻo Greenland. Akā, i ka wā i hoʻi mai ai i ka hale, a aole i papani ai hoi eia aʻe o ka Hōʻole akula Akau. I ka 1910,ʻo ia, a me kona hoa umauma, kekahi PolarʻImi Loa Knud Rasmussen hoʻokumu i kekahi kālepa noaioee-Thule. He noho i waena o ka Eskimos mai ka 1913 a hiki i 1919. Ma hope, ua lilo i lālā o kekahi huakaʻi, a ua he piha palapala 'āina o Greenland (1921-1924 GG.).

ohana

Ma ka pilikino ola o ka PolarʻImi Loa ike i ka mea i mare ekolu manawa. Ka manawa mua oia i maoli mare i ka Eskimo o Navarana Mekupaluk. Hanau mai la kana kane he keiki Mekusaka Avataka Igimakssusuktoranguapaluka a me ke kaikamahine a Pipaluk Jette Tukuminguak Kasaluk Palika Hager. Keia mare ana makahiki he umi (mai ka 1911 a hiki i 1921), oiai Navarana make o "Paniolo maʻi palū" - he weliweli laha o ka maʻi palū, a o Laielohelohe i ka nui kanaka uku ma Western Europe, a North America. Ka lua o ka manawa Peter Freih mare i ka makahiki 1924 ma ka Magedala Vang Lauridsen. Akā, i ka hui i hoʻoholo e oki i ka makahiki 1944. Eia hoi, i ka makahiki 1945, ka PolarʻImi Loa ua hoʻopili i kona hopena me Dagmar Kohno (1907-1991). Moopuna Freih, inuite (Eskimos) o Petero, ua ike i ka mea i koho ia o Meia Nuantsinaka ma Canada mai ka 1979 a hiki i 1984.

Life ma Greenland. Ke kumu ia hoonoho ai i Tula

Once kipa Greenland, Freih hiki i ola ole ia i ka honua i ka nui loa o ka mokupuni. He hoi aku ilaila i ka 1910, a paʻa ua hoʻopili i kona hopena me ka 'ōiwi kanaka, i ka Inuit. Together me kekahi PolarʻImi Loa, Knud Rasmussen, Freih hoʻokumu Tula. Kona inoa, ua loaa mai keia mea kanu, mai Ultima Thule - ka northernmost-Holland'ikamu. Tula i ke kumu no na mea he nui kāna huakaʻi. Ua mau ka noho ana mai ka 1913 a hiki i 1919, o Petero, a me kana wahine Freih, Navarana. Polar explorers i wiwo ole forays uka, palua kela aoao Greenland ma ka'īlio maa aku ai. Total, mai ka makahiki 1912 a hiki i ka makahiki 1933, ua lawe mai la ehiku e like me kāna huakaʻi i.

He aha ua Peter Freih: kiʻekiʻe a me ke kaumaha

I ka 1958, Denmark paʻi i ka puke o Memories e pili ana i keia mea PolarʻImi Loa. Kona mea kākau o ke kaikamahine, mai kona mau mua mare Pipaluk, Uvdluriak Inuterssuak kaikaina Navarany, Niels Bohr, Nobel laureate, a me na mea e ae. "Ka Book o Freyhene" piha ka mehana olelo e pili ana i koa Polar explorers, i ua hoʻopili i ko lākou hopena me nā mea a pau Inuit, a hiki intermarried me ia. I waena o nā mea a pau, e hoala mai i ka ninau o ka ulu ana o keia hanana ke kanaka. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, o ka Hawaii photo kahiko, a hōʻike mai i ka PolarʻImi Loa Peter Freih me kana wahine, e kiai e like me ka maoli pilikua. Akā, i kēia hopena ua loaʻa ma muli o ia ka miniaturization o kana wahine Dagmar (Nee Gale).

ʻOiai Freih, e like me ka mea, olelo no ia, ka poe i ike ia ia, ua he loihi, loa kukulu ke kanaka. O Thor Heyerdahl, oia mea ole pōkole ke kino o Iesu, ikea mai la holoʻokoʻa i hele mai ma kona mau huahelu. Akā, i kēia koa ole hoʻohana i kona mana no ka hewa. He Ua ikeia me he loa dobrogoi kōkua aloha o kanaka, mau e hele mai ana i ke kokua ana o ka poe ikaika ole. He nui i kapa ia ia me ka pono kīvila o ka 'ili. Ma hope o nā mea a pau,ʻo ia kaua i ka ola maikaʻi no ka 'ōiwi lāhui kanaka o ka Hōʻole akula Akau. Mai ka 'aoʻao o ka "Buke o Freyhene" iʻalo mākou me ke kiʻi o ke kanaka noiʻi, he loea kākau moʻolelo a me ka humanist.

Hawaiʻi i loko o nā'āina

Greenland i ka aina o kana mau moe. Akā, i ka i hoʻohalahala 'ano o nā wahi o ka Hōʻole akula North peahi mai la ia ia,ʻaʻole ia me ka uuku koa. He i ka manawa, a me ka wā o ka Americans hoʻoholo i ka hana i ka Documentary e pili ana i ka nani maoli o Alaska, poai puni keia ho film huakaʻi. Peter Freih kipa i ka Hudson. Ma hope, kona la e hele ana i ka loa akau mau mea o Kuekene (Lapland) a me Norway. I ka makahiki 1935, ArcticʻImi Loa ua hooholoia e hoʻololi i ka manawa o ka Polar hau ma ke aniau o savannas, a no keia mea i hele aku i South Africa. He hele no hoi ma Kona Akau a meʻAmelika Hema. Akā, ka hapanui o nā mea a pau, i makemake oia i ka mea i hoʻohalahala'ākau ano. I ka 1928 a me ka 1937 oia i loko o nā Soviet kaua kiʻi e kaua, a ua hoopihaia lakou i loko o ka Siberian Arctic mahele. He ua he ikaika aloha me Academician Shmidtom O. Yu, ike i kekahi mea e pili ana i ke kāʻei kua o ka Stalinist? Eia, a me ka Gulag, ka Denemaka Polar hanohano malaila idealistic manao ma ka Soviet Union.

World War II

I loko o kēia wā weliweli, ka wā Europe i kahiliiaʻe Nazism, Peter Freih, kona kiʻekiʻe hoʻokahi ia kapuaʻi ehiku iniha, hiki ole noho aku, mai ka hanana. He hoi i Denmark, a lilo iho la ia he lâlâ o ka ia'ku neʻeʻana. Akā, ma ia manawa oia i kona nele ia i ka uha mua (ma muli o ka frostbite ma 1926). Freih ma ke akea i hoike mai ia ia - he Iudaio,ʻaʻohe mea ma ka mea, ua, ka mea, ua oi ka mea pono, e lohe i kekahi ano o Anati-Semitic kauä. E ho'ōlaʻo ia i pio ma ka Nazis a me ka'ōlelo hoʻopaʻi i ka make. Akā, me ka wiwoʻole PolarʻImi Loa e hoʻokele i pakele mai ka noho pio ana. I mua oia i peʻe ana ma Kuekene, a laila, neʻe akula i kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia. Ma hope o ka Apana World War Freih hoʻi i kāna mea i aloha ai Greenland, a hiki i ka Inuit'ōlelo, aoao, a me ka moolelo o ka mea ana i ike. Wanderlust aole haʻalele iā ia a hiki i kona make ana. Ae, a make ihola ia i ka hele kaulana i loko o Kepakemapa 1957 o ka naau hoouka ma ka international airport Elmendorf, Alaska, ia ia i ana i ka lele i Greenland. He ua kanahiku-hoʻokahi makahiki. Ua kanuʻiaʻo ia kona i koe i loko o ka honua aloha ia ia - kokoke i ka Thule ku ma Greenland. Na makahiki hope o kona ola me kana wahine Dagmar noho ma New York paha i loko o kou lua o ka hale i loko o Noanke (HI).

Kawaihae a me ka mea kākau o ka puke

Freih Peter ua ike ole wale no kona Polar noiʻi. He palapala iho la no hoi puke. A ka mea, ke ole? Iie hana, (essay), novels a me documentaries pono ana, akā, i hana o ka fiction - pōkole moʻolelo, ka hana keaka a me novels. Eia naʻe, ma Russian i paʻiʻia ekolu o kana mau hana wale. Kēia puke "My Greenland wā'ōpiopio," a me ka "nui manu." Kekahi moʻolelo me ka oihana mua o ka moʻolelo pono'ī nova - "St. John ka wort Melville Bay." Haliu ae la ia i ka 'aoʻao o kēia puke, ke ike i ke kiʻi o ka hoihoi', launa kanaka, mahalo kela mea keia mea o kona mau pono a me ka physical ano. Friends i hōʻailonaʻia ia iā ia, aʻo ia e manaʻo mai i kekahi poe, nānā 'ole o ko lākou ili ano. Kēia Polar ho'āʻo e kōkua kekahi i mea i loko o ka pilikia. "St. John ka wort Bay Melville" - He Himeni i ka Inuit kanaka e noho ana ma ka hoʻohalahala a me ka weliweli rula ma luna o ka mokupuni, kokoke loa e paa ana ia ia ma ka hau iwi. Ka puke Ua ulana i loko o ka moʻolelo a me Europa, luina a me whalers. Ma ka lua [o ka hele ana o Peter Freih hiki ke heluhelu i loko o ka puke "Siberian Honolulu" i loko o ka Soviet Union. Just ekolu lā ma mua o kona make ana, i hiki September 2, 1957, ua pau i ka mea kākau hana ma ka palapala o ka "Buke o ka Ehiku Ka Moana".

nā hana

PolarʻImi Loa Peter Freih na makahiki i he lâlâ 'o ia he nui Leeuwerikplein nā kaiapili ma kekahi mau aina o ke ao nei. A pau i hoʻomaopopo ai i kona C. Brewer na makana a hiki i ka hoʻopaʻa 'ana o ka Arctic. Mawaena o ka mea nui, a me na newa kaulana ke hōʻike i ka International Society no ia. Mark Twain, he honorary lālā o ka a ua Freih. He hele a puni ka honua me ka pōʻaiapuni o ka haʻi'ōlelo e pili ana i ka moʻomeheu o ka Inuit. Ma o ka pono i ua loiloi 'a me kana hana me ka mea kākau a me ka kanaka moʻolelo nūpepa. He ua He lâlâ hoʻi e like no ka Arctic Institute o Denemaka. A mau makahiki Peter Freih paa i ka kiʻekiʻe lapauila o ka Luna hoomalu o ka Union o nā mea kākau o kona'āina hānau. Ua pono e olelo mai la i ke kanaka noiʻi ua hōʻike iā ia iho maikaʻi i loko o ke kūlana o ka Mea Keaka. Muli o kona kulana pinepine ia i loaʻa iā ia iho i loko o ka haka ai o documentaries e pili ana i ka hoʻohalahala 'ano o ka' Ākau. Ma mua, oia pu wale i ka manaʻoe kūkulu o ka huakaʻi me ka hoao ana i ka alakaʻi mele. Akā, ma hope, ua lilo iho la ia ia iho loa i ka haka pahupaʻiwikiō. He pū māka hōkūʻia i loko o kekahi mau Hollywood films.

hanohano

Ke kaulana ArticʻImi Loa Peter Freih i loaa nui hoʻolilo 'ia' ana no kāna hana. Ua lanakila na mau mekala gula o ke kulanakauhale o ka Kuʻe Huli Society o Philadelphia, a, o Hans Egede. He Ua pū i hookoia ka kiʻekiʻe loa makana o Beniamina Franklin.