Prokaryotes a me eukaryotes, oko a me nā mea like

All ola meaola e māheleʻia i loko o ka mālama '-ke kelepona hele, a ke kelepona. By precellular nā nā mea hoʻomaʻi a me phages. Ka lua o ka pūʻulu, ma ka halepaahao ua maheleia i prokaryotes a me eukaryotes, i mea prenuclear a me ka nukelea meaola.

prokaryotes

Ka mua aeea, ala ae la prokaryotes ma ka Honua oi ma mua o 3 ieeeea makahiki aku nei. Ua ua i ka lele nui aku i loko o ka evolution o ke ola. Prokaryotes i koʻohune. Ka 'ole o ko lākou kŘpa poe noonoo ole. Aaiaoe 'ike, DNA mea i loko o kā lākou primitive i loaʻa kekahi wahi kumuʻiʻo apo-hoʻokino chromosome. Ua Ua Aia i loko o kekahi hapa o ka cytoplasm, nucleoid, ua i kaawale mai ke koena mai o ka halepaahaoʻili lahilahi. Main na oko ma waena o prokaryotes a me eukaryotes mai kekahi i kekahi, ka mea ma na keena o ka 'ano mua o ka nucleus mea,ʻaʻole i loaʻa.

Prenuclear ka cytoplasm o aeee mea nui uuku aeea hale. O kēia mau ike ribosome liʻiliʻi like me ribosomes eukarioidnyh keena. Ke kūlana o nā mitochondria ma prokaryotes no a hiki i ka poe noonoo ole 'ole o kaʻili lahilahi. Ua ua nalowale i loko o ia mau mea, a me ka chloroplast. Prokaryotes i ka wai kokoʻili lahilahi, i mea ma lalo o ka halepaahaoʻili lahilahi. Ka mea, oko mai eukaryotes nunui uuku razmerami.V kekahi hihia i loko o prokaryotes hiki ke ai-kapaia plasmid - hōʻemi iki, me he apo o DNA.

eukaryotes

All nucleated keena oko i loko o ka nohona ma kumumanao o ka 'ole, a me ka na kumu. Aku la lakou i waho, mai na keena prenuclear 1,2 ieeeea? A £. Makahiki aku nei. Lākou 'ole ka nui aku huikau. A me prokaryotes a me eukaryotes i aeeaʻili lahilahi. Akā, no ka mea koena o ko lākou mau mall a me ka biochemical hiʻona i okoa ma na mea he nui i ka mahalo. Ka mea nui wale oko ao - i loko o nucleated aeee i ka nucleus pololei i kā lākou aaiaoe ike ua waiho waho.

Kernel cytoplasm delimited ma kekahi kūikawāʻili lahilahi, oia hoi o waho a me loko papa. Ua mea i 'ano like me ka wai kokoʻili lahilahi, akā, na ili. Mahalo iā ia i ua panai aku ma waena o ka cytoplasm a me ka nucleus. 'ōewe keena he o ka lākou o nā chromosomes, mau prokaryotes a me eukaryotes i hoi okoa mai kekahi i kekahi. DNA i loko o nā chromosomes o eukaryotes ua pili me ka histone nā polokina.

Ma ka halepaahao nucleus i nucleoli, i mea i hanaʻia i loko o ribosomes. Structureless nuipa karyoplasm poai puni i ka chromosomes a me nucleoli. O na holoholona a kanu mea nona ia i kona naʻau, i ka luawai-i ho'ākāka 'ia paha o nā chromosomes. Ma ka mahele ana i keena, ka mea, i papalua, a laila, haawi mai la i ke kaikamahine keena

Inā na prokaryotes a me eukaryotes mākou noonoo, me ka oko iwaena o lakou, hiki ke 'ike i loko o ka cytoplasm o aeee.

No ka mea kanu aeee ano o ke alo aku o ka nui kikowaena vacuole a me plastids. Kēia vacuole ke pahu i ka Kora naʻEsau i ka periphery o ka halepaahao. Ka hooluolu ana hookoe carbohydrate o ka laau aeea - pia. Waho kanu aeee kapa komo iā ia i ka halepaahao pa, haku o ka kelulose. I ka waenakonu o ka halepaahao mea ole centrioles, i hiki ke ike wale i loko o ka līoho.

Animal aeee e mai i ke kikowaena vacuole, plastids a me ka manoanoa aeea pa. Aia centriole i loko o ka halepaahao iwaena konu. Reserve carbohydrate ma ka holoholona keena - glycogen.

Keena centriole fungi 'aʻole e mau loa ana me hiki mai ana. ke kelepona hele pa i komo o ka chitin, i loko o ka cytoplasm, plastids ole, akā, he mea he kikowaena vacuole i loko o ka halepaahao iwaena konu. Reserve carbohydrates i loko o ia mau mea - he glycogen.

Ma ka cytoplasm o eukaryotes i mitochondria, Golgi i hoʻomākaukauʻia, lysosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, organelle ana. Ribosomes ka mea, ua nui ka nui ma mua o prokaryotic ribosomes. Ke cytoplasm o aeee ua maheleia i mau compartments, compartments ma kumu o kūikawā membranes haku o lipids. I kela mea keia mea o lakou i puka mai ai lākou biochemical keʻano o ka hanaʻana. Ua aneane 'aʻole e hana i loko o prokaryotes.

I mau, prokaryotes a me eukaryotes ka hoike i nā kānāwai o ka evolution, a ua wehewehe aku ma ka holo, mai simpler i oi luna 'ano apau loa.

Eia naʻe prenuclear keena wehewehe aku ma ka nui kohoʻia, a me nāʻano o metabolic keʻano o ka hanaʻana. He nui koʻohune ke loaa ikehu mai ka malamalama, a me Nine Inch reactions nei i loko o ka 'āina devoid o ka o oxygen (anaerobic koʻohune). No ka mea, no keia mea, e pono i loko o ke kiʻi o ka mea o kēia au nei.