Redox reactions

Ka hua'ōlelo "'okesaside" Ua kope ia mea, he mau 'waiwai AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN me ka o oxygen, e hana i ka'okesaside, like o oxygen i Hawaiʻi nei, ua' ike me ka oxidant mua. By oxidizing maopopo o oxygen pilina, a ma lalo o ka hoihoi hou - hoʻi ia. No laila, i ka manawa "'okesaside - hoihoi hou" Ua lōʻihi hoʻohana kemika. Redox reactions hope mai i e noonoo ia e ia keʻano o ka hanaʻana i ka hopena o ka a he mea ke hoolilo o electrons mai kekahi'Ātoma i kekahi, no laila, i kēia makahiki i lilo i ka nui manaʻo. No ka laʻana, ka wā makanekiuma'ā ana ma o oxygen: 2Mg + O2 → 2MgO huina'ine hoolilo ia lŘlŘ mai makanekiuma i ka oxygen.

Redox reactions e wehewehe aku i loko o ia mea, pāʻani aku me reagents ikeia oxidants a me reductants. Waiwai nā'ātoma a E lūlū mai electrons noʻonoʻo pono hoemi konohiki. Ke Nine Inch hui nona nā'ātoma lawe electrons kapa oxidants. Ka luna naoh mea he makanekiuma hoemi hope iho ua oxidized, a laila e hoouna i ka huina'ine. Oxygen ma ua hoemiia - i ka huina'ine a me ka oxidizer. Kekahi laʻana: CuO + h2 → cu + H2O. I ka enaena, i ke keleawe'okesaside i loko o ka hydrogen kahawai keleawe Ionʻae electrons mai hydrogen. E like me ka oxidizing Agena, e hoemiia ka mea, i ka elemental ke keleawe. Hydrogen nā'ātoma E lūlū mai electrons, me ka hoemi hope iho ua oxidized a me ka hydrogen.

Pela, ke'okesaside a me ka ho'ēmiʻana keʻano o ka hanaʻana lawe wahi ka poʻe: oxidized hoemi a ua hoemi oxidizing konohiki. ka mea, no laila, i kapaʻia Redox reactions no ka mea, he inextricable loulou ma waena o ka reciprocal keʻano o ka hanaʻana. Ia mea, ina he nā'ātoma i lūlū mai electrons, i mea mau makana a me ka mea i na electrons lawe. I ka Ia manawa like ia o ka oxidizer, a me ka hoemi hope paha i hoʻololi i ka degere o ka'okesaside. E like me ka hopena o Nine Inch i huiʻia hiki ke hana ia me kekahi 'ano o nā'ātoma i loko o nā lātoma.

I ka papa kuhikuhiE ano o redox reactions:

1. Intermolecular - oxidizable a reducible nā'ātoma me loko o na nā lātoma o okoa Nine Inch, no kekahi laʻana: 2HCl + Zn → ZnCl2 + h2 ↑ (kiniki - reductant hydrogen cation - oxidant).
2. Intramolecular - oxidizable a reducible nā'ātoma me loko o na nā lātoma o ka ia Nine Inch waiwai, no kekahi laʻana: KClO3 → 2KCl + 3O2 ↑ (i loko o ka lātoma o potasiuma chlorate oxygen ma - reductant chloro - oxidant).
3. Autoxidation-pakiko-hoola paha disproportionation - ka ia Nine Inch hehee ai i loko o ka naoh o ka hoemi hope, a oxidizing Agena, no kekahi laʻana: 3HNO2 → HNO3 + 2NO ↑ + H2O ( ka naikokene'Ātoma o nitrousʻakika mea elua me ka hoemi hope, a oxidizing Agena, ke'okesaside huahana - he nitric ʻakika, o ka ka ho'ēmiʻana hoonui - naikokene monoxide).
4. Comproportionation reproportsionirovanie paha - kekahi, a me ka ia hehee ai me he okoa degere o'okesaside o ka lātoma, kūpono ai i loko o ka hookahi'okesaside moku'āina, no kekahi laʻana: NH4NO3 → N2O + 2H2O.

Redox reactions i hōʻike mai iā ia i loko o kekahi mau palapala a electronically. 2FeCl3 + H2S → FeCl2 + S + 2HCl: One hiki i ke kumu hoohalike o Nine Inch AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN noʻonoʻo. Eia, i ka hao'Ātoma mea he oxidizing Agena, no ka mea, i kekahi huina'ine a me ka loli i ka degere o ka'okesaside o +3 i +2: Fe + ³ + E → Fe + ². Ion luaipele hoemi hope paha ua oxidized, electrons, a hoouna ia hoʻololi'okesaside moku'āina ma -2 i 0: Sˉ² - E → S °. huina'ine a ion-huina'ine kaulike ki ina hana like i hoʻohana no ka hoʻopololei o ka stoichiometric coefficients ma ka helu kaulike.

Redox reactions i laha a me ka nui, no ka mea, underlie i ka'ā keʻano o ka hanaʻana o ka palaho palaho, ka hanu, pūnao, kaʻaluna o ka mea kanu i carbon dioxide, e like me ma nā liluwelo keʻano o ka hanaʻana. No hoi, e hoʻohana 'ia ka mea, i loko o nā hana no ka hana i eliiaʻi, a non-i eliiaʻi, mai ko lakou mau hui. No ka laʻana, kēia mea ma muli o ka makaukau o ka ammonia, sulfuric a me ka nitric nāʻakika, kekahi hale pono hana, na laau a me na mea he nui 'ē aʻe nui huahana. Ua i hoʻohana 'ia ma mākau kemika no ka hoomaopopo ana i ka kela Nine Inch i huiʻia.