Africa: ka moʻolelo o ka'āinapuniʻole

Africa, kona mōʻaukala Ua piha o nā mea pohihihi mea pohihihi o ka mamao i hala a me ka hi kālai'āina Aey? Acaeoey i keia - ka'āinapuniʻole i kapaia ka cradle o ke kanaka. Nunui'āinapuniʻole oihana kekahi hapalima o ka huina aina kahi o ka Honua, kona aina i waiwai i loko o diamonds a me nā minelala hao. Ma ka akau e hoomaino lifeless, i hoʻohalahala a me ka wela nahele no hoi ia ma ka hema - puupaa rainforests me ka hailona o endemic laha 'o nā mea kanu a me nā holoholona. He mea hiki ole keia i ole e nana i ke 'ano o nā kānaka a me ka lāhui i hui ma ka'āinapuniʻole, kā lākou helu mea a puni he mau tausani. Small ohana helu ana ma na kauhale elua, a me ka nui lāhui kanaka - na kanaka haku o ka hanana moʻomeheu a me nā "ʻeleʻele"'āinapuniʻole.

Pehea nā mea he nui i loko o ka'āinapuniʻole, kahi e e Africa, hana kemika a me ka mōʻaukala o ke ao, i ka aina - a pau ia oe, e aʻo mai i ka 'atikala.

Mai ka mōʻaukala o ka'āinapuniʻole

I ka moolelo o ka ulu ana o Africa o kekahi o ka loa koiʻana iā nīnūnē ma archeology. A ina kahiko Aigupita, o Laielohelohe haumana mai ka wā kahiko, ke koena o ka'āinapuniʻole i noho i loko o ka "malu" a hiki i ka 19th kenekulia. Prehistory o ka'āinapuniʻole o ka loihi ma ka mōʻaukala o ke kanaka. Ma ka mea, na ko läkou 'mua o hominids i ua loaʻa, noho i loko o ka mea manawa Ethiopia. Mōʻaukala o Asia a me Aferika ua he kūikawā ala, no ka mea, o ka mea Leeuwerikplein henua ka mea, i ua hoʻopili i mua o ka keleawe Age ma ka oihana, a mau hoahanau.

O nä waihona palapala ike i ka mea mua huakaʻi a puni ka'āinapuniʻole i ua i ma kaʻAigupita Parao Neko i ka 600 makahiki BC. Ma ka Middle Ages hoihoi ma Africa hoomaka ae la e hōʻike ka poʻeʻEulopa mea i 'Imi ulu kuai me nā lāhui kanaka o ka hikina. Ka mua huakaʻi i ka mamao'āinapuniʻole i hoʻonohonoho 'ia i ka Aloha ka luna, ka mea, ua laila i ka erroneous ka hopena Cape Boyador iʻike a me ka i ana ia mea i ka loa hema wahi o Africa. Makahiki ma hope, ka mea'ē aʻe Pukiki - a me Baretolomaio Diaz i ka 1487 loaa ka Cape o Good Hope. Ma hope o ka pomaikai o kona huakaʻi a hiki i Aferika a hiki i ka nuiʻEulopa mana'ē aʻe. E like me ka hopena, i ka hoʻomaka o ka 16th kenekulia a pau i ka aina o ke kahakai komohana i loaa ma ke Pukiki,, English a me ka Paniolo. A laila, hoomaka ae la ka koloniala moolelo o Aferika, a me kaʻeleu kauwa.

Leeuwerikplein wahi

Africa - keia mea i ka lua o ka nui loa'āinapuniʻole, he wahi o 30,3 miliona sq. ei. He'ōʻia mai ka'ākau a hiki i hema ma ke kaawale, o ka 8000 ei, a mai ka hikina a hiki i komohana - 7500 ei. No ka mea'āinapuniʻole wehewehe aku ma ka predominance o palahalaha'āina. Ma ka akau-komohana hapa o ka makana Mea Maluna Iho Mountains a me ka Sahara Desert - Plateau Tibesti a me Ahaggar, ma ka hikina -ʻAitiopa, ma ka hema - a me ka Cape Drakensberg mauna.

Kuʻe Huli History o Africa ua pili loa ua hoʻopili i ka Beritania. E hōʻike 'ia ma luna o ka pelapela a ma ka 19th kenekulia, i' Imi hoʻokolokolo aku la lakou ia ia, ahuwale nani loa no kona maikai a me ka grandeur o maoli hoʻopunipuni: Victoria Falls, Lake Chad, Kivu, Edward, Albert a me na mea e ae maʻApelika o kekahi o ko ke ao nei i ka nui muliwai - i ka muliwai, i mea he. i ka hoʻomaka o ka manawa i ka cradle o Aigupita, ka noho.

Mainland o ka ikaika i loko o ke ao nei, keia mea i ke kumu o kona Leeuwerikplein kulana. Ka holoʻokoʻa ?? eoi? O Africa ke aupuni 'o wela aniau i loko nō, a kela aoao o ka equator.

Loa waiwai'āinapuniʻole i kumu waiwai. LIKE ike nui hoʻokomo kālā o nā diamonds ma Zimbabwe a me South Africa, ke gula ma Ghana, Mali a me Kongo, kaʻaila i loko o Algeria a me Nigeria, he hao a me ka kēpau-kiniki i eliia ma ka akau loa.

Ka hoʻomaka o ka colonization

Ke koloniala moolelo o Asia a me Aferika, ua hohonu loa aʻa ma ka kahiko. Ka mua ho'āʻo e hoolilo i kēia mau'āina a pau o ka poʻeʻEulopa i lawe, a hiki i ka 7-5 kenekulia. BC, ka wā o nā Helene, ua nui Luna Hooponopono ma na kapakai o ka'āinapuniʻole. Kēia i ukali ia e ka wā lōʻihi o Hellenization oʻAigupita i ka hopena o ka ka hana naʻi aupuni o Alexander ke Nui.

A laila, ma lalo o ka manaʻo koikoi o ka lehulehu Roma poʻe hao wale ia, ua hoʻohui a hoʻopaʻa aneane e pau ka'ākau kapakai o Africa. Eia naʻe, Romanization i ua hoolilo i ka mea uuku, kahiko no Berber ohana wale aku la hohonu i loko o ka wao nahele.

Africa ma ka Middle Ages

Iloko o ka emi ana o ka Byzantine aupuni a pau, i ka mōʻaukala o Asia a me Aferika i ka pahi U-huli loa ma kaʻaoʻao e ku pono ana o Europa noho maikai ana. ʻoi loa Berbers hope luku i ke Karistiano moʻomeheu ioauoa ma North Africa e "hoomaemae" i ka mokuna o ka lanakila hou - ka Arabia, ka poe i lawe Hoʻomana Mohameka me ia, a hooauhee aku la i ka Byzantine aupuni a pau. Ma ka hiku o ka kenekulia alo ma Africa ranneevropeyskih Hawaii kokoke hoemi i Aʻohe.

ʻano nui popoiwi wahi i hele wale i loko o nā kuʻina hope ana o ka Reconquista, ka wāʻano nui ka Pukiki, a me ka Spaniards reconquered ka Iberian Peninsula, a haka pono kona mau maka ma luna o ka mea e ku pono ana kahakai o ka pilikia o Gibraltar. Ma ka 15-16 kenekulia, ka mea, ua hana ia ma Africa ke kulekele o ke naʻi, hoʻopio aku i ka helu o ka ikaika kumu. I ka pau ana o ka 15th kenekulia. ka mea i hui ma ka Farani, English a me Hōlani.

A Hou History o Asia a me Aferika, no ka nui aʻe ua pili loa interrelated. Kuai ana i kaʻaoʻao hema o ka Sahara Desert ua 'Imi ulu ana ma ka aoao o ¶ʻO'Araba Hawaii alakaʻi i ka holo colonization, a me ka holoʻokoʻa hikina hapa o ka'āinapuniʻole. West Africa Ua pale. Aia he ¶ʻO'Araba mau kaiāulu, akā, ho'āʻo i Morocco e subjugate i kēia wahi pilikia.

Makuakane no ka Africa

Koloniala mahele o ka'āinapuniʻole i ka lua o ka hapalua o ka 19th kenekulia a ka First World War i kapaia "lahui no Africa". Kēia manawa i wehewehe aku e kaʻoʻoleʻa, a uaua Competition ma Europe ka alakaʻi o imperialist mana no ka hana o ke koa a me ka hana noiʻi ana i loko o ka'āina, a i ho'ōla i hoouna aku ai i ka naʻi aupuni o hou aina. Pakahi aku la ia ikaika kaʻina weheia ma hope o ka hookamaia ana o ka Pelelina hālāwai kūkā o 1885 General Kanawai, a hai mai i ka loina o ka hoʻokō hana. Ke culmination o ka Africa pauku i ka oihana koa kaua ma waena o Farani a me Beritania Nui i ka 1898, a mai ai ma keena muliwai.

I ka 1902, 90% o Africa ua ma lalo o Europa e hooponopono. E hoomalu aku i ka kuokoa, a ua wale ku okoa ana Liberia, a Ethiopia. Mai i pau ai i ka hoʻomaka o ka First World War me ka koloniala lāhui kanaka, i kūpono i ka aneane Mokuahana ae la ka a pau o Africa. I ka moolelo o ka ulu ana o ka panalāʻau ua ma naʻano likeʻole, ke kaumaha ma muli paha, ma lalo o kona protectorate ia ua. Ka nui loa ona a pau i loko o Farani, a me ka UK, he uuku emi ma Portugal, a Germany. No ka o ka poʻeʻEulopa, Africa ua nui ka kumu o ka maka mea, nā minelala hao a me nike hana.

makahiki o ke Kuokoa

Noʻonoʻo i ka popoiwi wahi i ka makahiki 1960, ka wā kekahi ma hope o kekahi keikiʻApelika Waena Hawaii hoomaka ae la e ka nuʻu, mai ka mana o ka Kauhalenui. O ka holo ana, ke kaʻina i ole hoomaka a pau i loko o ia o ka pōkole wā. "ʻApelika Waena" naʻe, ka mea i haʻi mai i ka makahiki 1960.

Africa, kona mōʻaukala i i hoʻomōhala i hoʻokaʻawale, mai ke ao nei, hoao iho la kekahi aoao ai kekahi, akā, i unuhi i loko o ke Kaua Honua II. Ka akau loa o ka'āinapuniʻole loli ana i ke kaua, i kuʻiʻia nā panalāʻau mai o na koa hope, e hoolako i ka metropolis me ka maka mea a me ka ai, e like me kanaka. Ua lawe miliona oʻApelika kuleana i loko o hostilities, he nui no ia e "noho" hope maʻEulopa. Ma naʻe o ka global pili aupuni 'ia ai ka "ʻeleʻele"'āinapuniʻole iloko o na makahiki kaua i kaha maha ma ka waiwai loaa, i ka manawa wā kukulu i alanui e, na awa, a me Airfield runways, pāʻoihana a me nā hale hana, etc.

Ua loaa mai ma hope o ka hookamaia ma 'Enelani A hou a o ka mōʻaukala o Africa o ka' Akelanika 'Palapala, i ka hōʻoia i ka pono o ke kanaka i ka hoʻoponopono-paa. A oiai nā loea kālai'āina ho'āʻo i ka wehewehe ana ia i kekahi mea o ka noho lāhui kanaka o lapana, a Hawaii, i ka panalāʻau ia i ka palapala i loko o kona lokomaikaʻi like hoʻi. Ma ka nānā 'ole i ka' āpana o ke kuokoa Africa pono mamua o ka hou e hoʻomōhala ana i Asia.

I loko nō i kekahi mea hoopaapaa i ka akau, i ka pakiko-manao paa, na ka poʻeʻEulopa i loko o ia "e hele" o kona panalāʻau e lana o ka 'elele i wikiwiki, a me kaʻumi makahiki mua ma hope o ka kaua, i kekahi māmala'ōlelo e hōʻike ana no ka kuokoa i brutally uhi pū. Precedent i ka hihia i ka wa a ka Pelekania i ka 1957, ua haawiia mai i ke ku okoa ana o Ghana - ka loa hoʻokele waiwai ulu'āina. Ma ka hopena o ka makahiki 1960 hapalua o Africa lilo kuokoa. Eia naʻe, e like me ka mea huli mai, ka mea aole ia i kumu hoʻomalu i kekahi mea.

Inā mākou e nānā i ka palapala, oe e ike i Africa, kona mōʻaukala ka loa lono kaumaha, ua maheleia ka aina i laina akaka a me ka laumania. Na ka poʻeʻEulopa i ole delve i loko o ka lāhui a me ka nohona realities o ka'āinapuniʻole, wale māheleʻana i ka wahi ma luna o kou iho. E like me ka hopena, ua māheleʻia aʻela he nui kanaka i loko o kekahi mau Hawaii, oiai kekahi poe i hui i kekahi a me ka hoohikiia poe enemi. Ma hope o kuokoa, a pau keia i haawi ala i ka lehulehu lāhui pāonioni, na kaua, koa coups, a me ka genocide.

Ku okoa ana, ua loaa mai, i ka pololei i ka mea i hana me ia, aole kekahi i ike. O ka poʻeʻEulopa haʻalele, e lawe ana me ia i nā mea a pau i ua hiki ke lawe. ʻaneʻane a pau nenoai, a me ka hoʻonaʻauao, ola mālama i ia e hana mai kūikawā. Aohe mea nana i kookoo,ʻaʻohe kumu waiwai,ʻaʻohe ko na Aina e.

'āina a me nā panalāʻau e kaukaʻi ma Africa

Me ua oleloia ma luna moʻolelo o ka loaʻa o Africa hoomaka lōʻihi aku nei. Naʻe, i ke kaua o Europa colonialism a me nā kenekulia i alakai aku ai i ka mea i ke kālā no, kuokoa moku'āina i loko o ka palena o ka'āinapuniʻole hanaia literally ma ka waena, elua a me ka hapalua o ka iwakalua kenekulia. He paʻakikī e olelo aku paha hoʻolimalima i ka pono i ka pakiko-manao paa o ka maikaʻi-i loko o kēia wahi. Africa ua nō noʻonoʻo i ka loa mahope o kona i loko o ka ulu ana o ka pelapela a, me ia ma ka hope aku a pau i ka mea waiwai no ka maʻamau ola.

Ma ka manawa, i ka'āinapuniʻole noho ma 1.037.694.509 kanaka - ma kahi o 14% o ka huina heluna kanaka o ka poepoe honua. Ka mokuna o ka pelapela a ua māheleʻia i loko o 62'āina, akā, wale 54 o ia i 'ike like kuokoa ma ke ao nei kaiāulu. 10 mokupuni lahuikanaka o lakou, 37 - me ka laula komo i ka moana a me ka moana, a me 16 uka.

Ma kumumanaʻo, Africa - he'āinapuniʻole, akā, ma ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ka mea, ua pinepine pili kokoke mokupuni. Kekahi o ia nō no ia o ka poʻeʻEulopa. A me Palani hawaiano, Mayotte, ke Pukiki Madeira, ke Spanish Melilla, Ceuta, ke Canary Islands, i ka mokupuni o Beritania a Saint Helena, Tristan ka Cunha a me ka pii ana.

ʻApelika Waena'āina Ua conventionally puunaueia i 4 pūʻulu ke kaumaha ma muli Leeuwerikplein wahi: Northern, Western, Hawaii a me Hawaiian. I kekahi manawa anao? Aou i kaawale kikowaena māhele'āina.

North Africa

North Africa kapaia nui loa māhele 'āina me kahi o 10 miliona sq. M ^2, a me ka hapanui loa ka waonahele no hoi ia Sahara. Ua Ua Aia ma ka nui o ka aina o ka'āinapuniʻole: Sudan, Puta, Aigupita a me Algeria. All Hawaii ma ka akau loa o ka ewalu, no laila, i ka helu e e huiia South Sudan, SADR, Morocco, Tunisia.

Contemporary History o Asia a me Aferika ('ākau māhele) e pili loa interrelated. Ma ke kakahiaka nui 20th kenekulia ka wahi ua ma lalo o ka malu o nā'āinaʻEulopa, ke kuokoa ka mea, ua loaa ia ma ka 50-60 makahiki oo. ka hope kenekulia. Ke Leeuwerikplein koke i kekahi'āinapuniʻole (Asia a meʻEulopa) a me ka mea kahiko kuʻuna kalepa a me ka? Aneiai pili me ka mea hoʻokani i ke kūlana. Ma hua'ōlelo o ka hooulu ana o ka North Africa i loko o ka nui maikaʻi kulana hoʻohālikelike i ke kūkulu hema. Ke koe, paha, mea wale nō Sudan. Tunisia i ka hoʻokele waiwai loa hoʻok & i loko o ka pau'āinapuniʻole, Puta, a me Algeria paka kinoea a me ka aila, e hoʻolilo, Morocco ua hana ma ka hoʻouku o posapahate pōhaku. Ke predominant ke ano o ka heluna kanaka ua noho lakou i loko o ka mahiʻai kaiaulu. Emi nui kaiaulu o ka hoʻokele waiwai o Puta, Tunisia, Aigupita a me Morocco e ulu? Ecia.

Ka nui loa kūlanakauhale me ka oi aku 9 miliona poʻe e noho ana - Aigupita Kailo, i ka heluna o ka mea 'ē aʻe, aole ia i oi aku mamua o 2 miliona - Casablanca, Alexandria. Ka hapa nui o ke kūkulu'ākauʻApelika noho i loko o nā kūlanakauhale, i Muslim a me ka olelo Apapika. Ma kekahi'āina, kekahi o ka luna, noonoo iho la ia e Palani. NorthʻApelika Waena wahi mea waiwai i loko o kia hoʻomanaʻo i ka wa kahiko mōʻaukala a me ka kuhikuhipuʻuone, kūlohelohe mea.

Ua hoi i na manao, e kūkulu i ka pīhoihoi Europa papahana Desertec - i ka hana o ka mea nui loa ka ikehu lā mana'ōnaehana i loko o ka wao nahele Sahara.

West Africa

I ka mokuna o West Africa kŰlń ao a hiki i kaʻaoʻao hema o ka Central Sahara, ka 'Akelanika, ma ka hikina ma ka Cameroonian kuahiwi. Aia mau savannas a me Tropical ululaau, e like me ka piha nele o ka mea kanu i loko o ka Sahel. A hiki i ka manawa i ka wa a na kapa o ka o ka poʻeʻEulopa i hiki ma keia hapa o Aferika ua ola na aukanaka a pau e like me Mali, Ghana a me Songhai. Guinea māhele no ka lōʻihi manawa i kapaʻia ka "graveyard o ka keʻokeʻo" ma muli o ke unsafe hana no o ka poʻeʻEulopa maʻi: .. ke kuni, malaria, e moe ana mai, etc. Ma ka manawa, i ka pae ana o WestʻApelika Waena aina e: Cameroon, Ghana, Gambia, Burkina Faso, Benin, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Cape Verde, Liberia, Mauritania, Côte d'Ivoire, o Nigera, Mali, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Togo, Senegal.

ʻO nā moolelo oʻApelika Waena'āina i loko o ka aina i piha e kaua clashes. Teritori haehae hookaawale ma kāna hana e lawelawe lehulehu ma waena o ka anglophone a me ka francophone muaʻEulopa panalāʻau. ʻokoʻa wahahee ole wale i loko o ka 'ōlelo ke'ākeʻakeʻa mai, akā, no hoi ma ka Outlook a me ka mentality. Aia i wela pūkoʻa ia i loko o Liberia, a Sierra Leone.

Alanui i pili loa nāwaliwali, a, ma ka mea, o ka hoʻoilina o ka koloniala wā. State o West Africa mea i waena o ka hune i loko o ke ao nei. Ia Nigeria, no kekahi laʻana, ua nunui me ke koe o ka aila.

East Africa

Ka Geographic māhele'āina e nā ai ka aina a hiki i ka hikina o ka muliwai River (koeʻAigupita), anthropologists kapa i ka cradle o ke kanaka. Heʻaneʻi mea, e like me ia, ko kākou mau kūpuna i noho ai.

Ka māhele 'āina Ua nui ka poe huli, e kue ana i loko o ke kaua, a me loa pinepine civilians. Ua aneane e hana a pau o ia ma luna o ka lāhui i kai. East Africa ua noho ma ka elua haneri oi ma mua o ka lāhui i nā pūʻulu no i eha 'ōlelo pūʻulu. I nā lā o koloniala ?? eoi? I puunaueia me ka lawe ana i loko, no keia mea, e like me i ua mai la, ua i ua ua mahaloia ka moʻomeheu a me ka maoli ka lāhui i kona palena. Ka Loaʻaʻia no ka e kue nui hampers ka hooulu ana o ka māhele 'āina.

No ka East Africa nā ka i kēia'āina: Mauritius, Kenya, Burundi, Zambia, Djibouti, Comoros, Madagascar, Malawi, Rwanda, Mozambique, Seychelles, Uganda, Tanzania, Somalia, Ethiopia, South Sudan, Eritrea.

South Africa

SouthʻApelika Waena māhele'āina mea he kilakila hapa o ka'āinapuniʻole. Aia i elima'āina. Penei: Botswana, Lesotho, Namibia, Swaziland, South Africa. A pau o ia e hui pu i loko o ka HawaiianʻApelika Waena dute Union, he hoʻouku a me ka kālepaʻano nui kaʻaila a me ka diamonds.

ʻO nā moolelo o Aferika ma ka hema ua pili i ka inoa o ke koʻikoʻi politician Nelson Mandela (Picture), ka mea i hoolilo i kona ola ana i ka paio no ku okoa ana mai ka Kauhalenui māhele 'āina.

South Africa, nona ka pelekikena ka mea, ua ai no 5 makahiki, ka manawa o ka loa ulu aupuni ma luna o ka'āinapuniʻole a me ka mea wale kekahi i ka mea i hai aku ai i ka waeʻano "Ekolu World". E hoʻomōhala ana i hoʻokele waiwai 'apono' ia e noho 30th wahi i waena o nā'āina, e like me ka IMF. He mea he nui loa kona waiwai me ke koe o kumu waiwai. Ua mea no hoi kekahi o ka loa holomua o? Acaeoey ma Africa o ka hoʻokele waiwai 'ana o Botswana. Ma ka wahi mua he mea holoholona a me ka mahiʻai ma luna o ka unahiʻole, i nui ka mea, o koʻu mau diamonds, a me nā minelala hao.