Cervical plexus a me kona mau lālā: 'ole a me ka ho'āʻo

He paʻakikī e overestimate i ka manaʻo nui a me ka nui o ka cervical plexus. Kona mau lālā kipakuʻia kekahi hapa o ka ÷ naehana hanu nāʻiʻo a hōʻoia kaʻaeʻana i ka olua hana o nāʻiʻo o ka'ā'ī. No laila, i ka pathology o ka cervical plexus o ka nui mana i ke hihia hoʻi.

'anatomia

Cervical plexus ua hui kaulua a me ka luna 'i hanaʻia e ka mea mua lala o ke keena cervical spinal nā aʻalolo aʻa. Kona mau lālā complemented e ekolu arcuate puka lou interconnecting Papa ho okumu i plexus.

Kekahi kumu hui pu iho la ia me ka'ūhā mua iloko olaila o ka hapalua haahaa o ka cervical nā aʻalolo aʻa a me nā keʻena ma thoracic. Ma kēia mau kumu i hoike ia cervico-brachial plexus oia hoi o spinal nā aʻalolo cervical spinal Hoʻohana, a me ka mau hoaka o thoracic spinal nā aʻalolo.

'äina

Knowledge o ka 'äina o ka cervical plexus kōkua i maopopo i' inikua rula alakai i ka dysfunction o kona aʻa. No ka hoʻomalu, ua 'ike ka waiwai, no ka mea, e ike ana i ka wānana o ka plexus, ka mea hiki ke pale aku i ka hopena maikaʻi' ole ma luna ona, iloko o kela 'inikua kaʻina hana.

Cervical plexus Aia ma ka pae ana o ka lunaʻehā vertebrae o ka cervical spine. Ua uhi ia me kaʻaoʻao kīloi paʻewa a me ke alo sternocleidomastoid Muscle, ia ka holopono 'ia me ka mea mua-ʻaoʻao o ka pae o ka hohonu ai nāʻiʻo.

'Ole a me ka Launch

Mai ka cervical plexus lala iloko nā afferent a me ka efferent nā aʻalolo olona, ka mea hana e like me ka 'ikepili koʻikoʻi a me ka Hawaii i hana'.

Alaila, me ka pio ana o na hale a o ka cervical plexus e ae aku nā kēia mau mea.

Hawaii lālā

Muscular a Hawaii nā aʻalolo cervical plexus, ai manamana ai i loko o ka wahi a ololi nāʻiʻo, ka hopena i loko o kā lākou mau ana; a ma ka hou, komo i loko o ke kahua o ka ai-kapaia'ā'ī puka lou oia hoi o ka iho lala o ka hypoglossal nā aʻalolo , a me ke aʻalolo olona, e holo ana mai ke kumu mai o ke aʻalolo plexus. Kona kuleana pili i ka mea i innervation o nāʻiʻo, a i ke aupuni 'me ka pili ana i ka hyoid iwi ma ka lalo.

It E e olelo no hoi ia, a me ka trapezoidal, a me sternocleidomastoid Muscle ua innervated no hoi ma ke aʻalolo olona, e holo ana mai ka Hawaii kumu o ka cervical plexus.

kaʻimiʻana 'Oihana

Ikepili koʻikoʻi cervical plexus innervation ua hoakaka ia ma ka ai-kapa ili kona lala, o ka nui pepeiao nā aʻalolo, nā aʻalolo liʻiliʻi occiput transverse cervical a me ka supraclavicular nā aʻalolo.

phrenic nā aʻalolo

'O kēia kekahi lala o ka cervical plexus, i ka mea he hoihoi' hiʻona: like me ka hapa o ka phrenic nā aʻalolo i nā Hawaii puluniu, ai manamana ai i loko o ka diaphragm, a ma o na la ia e hele nei, a me ka 'ikepili koʻikoʻi, hoolako innervation i ka pericardium, pleura a me ka peritoneum.

Kēia nā aʻalolo Ua ike like ka loa nui lala o ka poe i hana i ka cervical plexus, e like me ke kuhikuhi ana i ka diaphragm, a ia inevitably hiki aku ai i ka poho paresis puka e loli iki oolea a lōlō. Oia ke ano ua clinically hoikeia naehana hanu ole, i ai i kona loa.

Ma kekahi mau hihia, i ka wa a ka maikaʻiʻole ia ma cervical plexus, a ma ka hana, phrenic nā aʻalolo pathology hoike mai ai ia clonic hopu i loko o ka diaphragm, a hou mawaho me ka hiccup.

koko lako

I ka papa kuhikuhiE kumu o ka mana nā hale o ka luna o ka cervical spine mau lala uuku o ka vertebral artery, a, lawe kumu mai o ka subclavian artery, punohu ma ka spine mai, komo i loko o ka cranial lua, a me ka haawi ana kona a pau loa twigs no ke koko lako i ka anatomical nā hale o ka cervical spine.

Ke pathology o ka cervical plexus

Na hoailona o cervical plexusʻikea au i loko o ka palapala o ka Hawaii, sensory a me ka trophic kāna hana. Na ka manaʻo pohihihi Ua kauoha ae la ia e kekahi hui malu pu ana o symptoms i loko o ke kahua o nā aʻalolo olona, i kekahi mau hana. Aʻe 'ana e pili ana i ka mākaʻi, a haawi mai i na lala e innervate cervical plexus. Anatomia mea ia ia me ke pio ana o kela a me keia o na aa e ae a pau ekolu i hana '.

hiki eha

1. Trauma, e like me dislocation paha subluxation o ka cervical vertebrae, paopao koke mai oia a neonatal hanau nā palapū.
2. Ka mīkini'opihia maʻi pale ma ka mīkini'opihia neoplasm, iwi koena ai, hematoma a lole wili (ina incorrectly e holo ana ka lala immobilization).
3. Infectious a me ka hoʻoʻino lesions i hiki undergo cervical plexus o spinal nā aʻalolo ma hope o ka maʻiʻaʻai (herpes maʻiʻaʻai, maʻi palū-e like lesion, nui puʻu, syphilis).
4. ʻawahia etiology o cervical plexitis. Oia iʻano mea hiki i kahua hoʻonohonohoʻana lesions waiʻona hainā, a ma ka hihia o ke kaumaha metala kaʻapu kōheoheo.
5. Loa hypothermia (hypothermia) hiki i li nui o ke aʻalolo nui ilpko o.
6. Allergic ole autoimmune pio ka wā o nāʻano pākīkē keiki o ka'ōnaehana paleʻea'ōnaehana keena hewa hoouna mai i kona mau ko mākou hopohopo'aʻaʻa o ke kino.
7. Maʻi systemic maʻi e alakai i ka malnutrition o nā aʻalolo nui ilpko o.

hoike ana

I waena o lesions a me nā maʻi o ka cervical plexus hiki ke hōʻike ':

• Unilateral.
• ʻeluaʻaoʻao.

Na hihia a pau ma kahi infestation a cervical plexus mau lala, wehewehe aku ma ka Hawaii, sensory a me trophic kāna hana o innervation i loko o ka lakou mau ciia. Pathology hele i loko o kona hope kahua o ka? Acaeoey:

• Neuralgic ke kahua. Hoikeana pili me ka hookaawale ana o ke aʻalolo nui ilpko o. Nō kāu ka huʻi hoouka kaua o ka loaʻeha i loko o ke ano o kaʻaoʻao haahaa o ka maka houʻia i ka pepeiao, a occipital māhele 'āina, e like me ka poe houʻia i ka lima i lalo i ka fingertips. IIeEeAIEUAA o kaʻeha hoʻopili like a hiki i kaʻaoʻao maikaʻiʻole ia ma. Morbidity, piʻi pū me ka nui loa me kaʻeleu a me ka OE neʻe; moku'āina o ka maluhia ke lawe mai i kekahi kokua, akā, me ka eha i koena, a hiki ma ka po, aole ia i nalo loa. Pain pu ma ka paresthesia, ka huʻihuʻiʻana o ka ili kāna hana a me ka wela pā lonoaʻili i loko o ka innervation ciia loli nā aʻalolo kumu.
• Lolo ke kahua. ʻanuʻu paresis a me ka lōlō (ke kaumaha ma muli o ka oolea o lesions) ua wehewehe aku ma na hoailona o ka cervical nā aʻalolo dysfunctions aha cervical plexus. Ma muli o ka lesions o ka phrenic nā aʻalolo, a nānā hiccups, ma muli o ka nele i ka ōhumu o na nāʻiʻo, pilikia me ka expectoration aʻe '; kāna hana o ka leo, hanu - a loa pokole o ka hanu, a me ka loa hihia, naehana kāna hana, mai i ka ÷ naehana hanu ole. Trophic kāna hana i haanou ana a me ka bluish coloration o kaʻili, huli hou ae la ko lakou turgor; Eia hou kekahi, hoʻopōʻino sweating i kona hoʻoikaika 'ana i. A hou lōʻihi like 'ole o ka maʻi, ua hiki ia oe ke kēpau pōkā i atrophic loli o nāʻiʻo o ka poohiwi kaei, i nā hualoaʻa ma ka hou ho okumu mea a kohu pono dislocation o ka uha mua ami; ole lōlō o na nāʻiʻo o ka'ā'ī, ua hanahana loa ka oolea o ka i hele aku ai a hiki i ka lilo ana o ka cervical nāʻiʻo i hiki ke hana i ko lakou mau oihana: ka hoʻomanawanui ka poo i loko o loa na hihia e hilinai aku ai i ka chin mea e pili ana i ka sternum. I ka ua hohonu lesionsʻeleu ana ma o ka loli ana i nāʻiʻo mea i hiki; kū kaʻawale hooku ae i kona poo no laila, i ka hoʻomanawanui ke ole.
• Na ka ho'ēmiʻana anu u. Ma kēia kahua, kāna hana o ka'emi oihana hoʻomaka i ke kiʻekiʻe o ola. Ma kekahi mau hihia, i malama ola kāpili, me koenaʻike manaʻo i loko o ka palapala o ka paresis a lōlō o kaʻike ākea-type (sluggish ano), a me ka atrophic loli o nāʻiʻo (ka mau hua'ōlelo i loko o kaʻike, o koena 'ole i loko o ka palapala o kaʻike ākea paresis e komo i ka PAaIEN o ka maikaʻiʻole ia ma nā aʻalolo kumu).

Koena 'ole:

• Sluggish (ʻike ākea) paresis paha lōlō o na nāʻiʻo o ka ai a me ka'ūhā mua kaei, a kohu pono dislocation o ka'ūhā mua hui a me ke ano poo kulou no i nawaliwali ai nāʻiʻo.
• Kāna hana o ka Muscle leo; cramps a spasms ma na lala o cervical plexus innervated nāʻiʻo pūʻulu.
• Sensory haunaele ma ka palapala o ka paresthesias a me kaʻeha hypersensitivity i loko o ka wahi o ka sensory innervation plexus.
• Trophic kāna hana o ka ili a me ka pahee nā'aʻaʻa i loko o ka loli wahi.

anesthesia

Cervical plexus anesthesia e leie akuʻoki kino ma ka'ā'ī, thyroid, ipu koko brachiocephalic hui trauma, gunshot palapū, Ka maʻi 'aʻai.

Mai ka mua ai ma ka Media laina cervical plexus mau lala anastomose, anesthesia ikepili koʻikoʻi aa ma hope o ka maka sternocleidomastoid Muscle E ke i me na aoao elua. Ua apono 'oe e hana anesthesia me nui uao ai' ma ka hohonu papa o na nā'aʻaʻa o ka ai (me laryngectomy, ana o ka maʻi 'aʻai hikoko).

I mea e hōʻoi 'i ke kanawai o anesthesia lālā o ka cervical plexus,' ae nā wahi ili o ke aʻalolo lala, alo i ke alo o ka ai.

E hana i nā mea a pau kēia mau manipulations anesthesia hana anterior hoea mai, mai ka hana ana o ke kīloi paʻewa ke kōkua o (ka pahu kui o anesthetic pāʻoihana i loko o ka subdural makahiki) ua pili me ka pahiki kiʻekiʻe o kekahiʻano nui complications, no laila, i keʻano hana o kīloi paʻewa ke kōkua o, no ka mea,ʻaʻole ka hoʻohana 'ana hiʻona.