Child ia - mea 'aʻole ia ke ano o? Na hoailona a me symptoms o Down maʻi pale

Ka hua'ōlelo "ia" ma ka i keia la i ka ke kaiāulu kanaka, ua oi pinepine hoʻohana me ka kūamuamu. Ma keia manao, he nui makuwahine me ka 'ōpeʻapeʻa hanu e kali ana i ka hopena o ka ultrasound, no ka makau o ka hōʻoni symptoms. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, i ka bebe i lalo i loko o ka 'ohana - ka mea,' o ka ordeal e pono kino a me ka manaʻoʻike stress. No laila, i mea Down maʻi pale? He aha nō i nā hōʻailona a me nā symptoms?

He aha ka Down maʻi pale?

Down ka maʻi pale - keia aaiaoe abnormality, congenital chromosomal abnormality. Ua Ua pu ma ka rejection o kekahi ola kino nā hoailona, a me ka hoʻohuikau o kino ai? Acaeoey. He nui e hoailona oukou i ka hua'ōlelo "maʻi" mea e pili, no ka mea mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka lākou o nā 'ano a me kekahi hiʻona, oa o ka maʻi pale.

Ka mua olelo ai o Iosepa i ka maʻi pale allegedly ana 1500 makahiki aku nei. 'O kēia ka makahiki wahi a hiki i ka i koe iho o ke keiki a me symptoms o Down ka maʻi pale, i loaʻa i loko o ka necropolis o ke kulanakauhale Palani o Chalon-Sura,-Saône. Burial ua i okoa mai ka mau, mai i kekahi ke manao nei makou kanaka me ke kino kīnā i 'ano like ka mea,ʻaʻole ma lalo i ka lehulehu puʻe.

No ka mea manawa mua i ho'ākāka 'ia ma Down maʻi pale ma 1866 ma ka lapaau Beritania John Langdon Down ka. Alaila, ke nä känaka 'epekema kapaia keia kŰia "mongolism." Ma hope o kekahi manawa, i ka inoa o ka pathology ma hope o ka discoverer.

He aha nō nā kumu?

About na kumu no ka a, aia no na keiki me Down maʻi pale, ia la ia mea wale nō i ka 1959. A laila, aaiaoe conditionality o keia maʻi, ua hoao aku au ia ia e ka Palani nä känaka 'epekema Gerard Lejeune.

Ua huli mai i ka aoao maoli o ka maʻi pale - ka muli o ka keu paʻa o chromosomes. Ua ua hana ia ma ke kahua o ka fertilization. Maʻamau, he ola i ke kanaka i loko o kēlā me kēia aeea He 46 hui o chromosomes i loko o ka germ aeee (hua a me ka sperm a) ma laila nō e like me ka hapalua o - 23. Aka, i ka manawa o ka fertilization o ka hua a me ka sperm kaula hō'ā, kā lākou aaiaoe kini puʻe wale hui pu iho e hana i ka hou aeea - he zygote.

Soon, ke zygote hoʻomaka e puunaue. I loko o kēia kaʻina hana, aia hele mai kekahi manawa, i ka wa o ka helu ana o chromosomes i loko o ka halepaahao Ua makaukau e kaʻana pāpālua. Akā, e lūlū aku iā koke i ke alo o auamo o ka halepaahao, alaila, ua maheleia ka hapalua. Kēia mea ma ka hewa ia lŘlŘ. I ka wā o nā paʻewa 21th paʻa o chromosomes, e hiki "Haiʻina mai" me ka kekahi i kekahi. Zygote mau pinepine ae la oia kaʻana like i hana embryo. A eia nā keiki me Down maʻi pale.

ano o ka maʻi pale

He ekolu ano o Down maʻi pale, ke kaumaha ma muli o nā 'ano o ka aaiaoe maomeka o ko lākou mau hanana:

• Trisomy. He He Classic hihia o kona hanana - 94%. Ua lŘlŘ ka wā malaila mea he haunaele ma ka divergence 21 hui o chromosomes i ke ku e.
• Translocation. Kēiaʻano o Down maʻi pale ka emi ole, wale 5% o ka hihia. Pela ka mea, he hoolilo o ka hapa o ka chromosome ka holoʻokoʻa'ōewe paha i kekahi wahi. Aaiaoe mea hiki "lele" mai kekahi chromosome i kekahi 'ole i loko o ka ia chromosome. Keʻano o kēia maʻi pale Radio he kuleana kūlana aaiaoe makua mea.
• Mosaicism. Ka loa kākaʻikahi 'ia ke ano o ka maʻi pale, ua loaʻa wale nō i loko o 1-2% o ka hihia. Me ia i ka 'aʻe' ana i ke kino aeea he he maʻamau 'ia paha o nā chromosomes - 46, a me ka kekahi hapa - nui ae,' o ia hoʻi, 47. Children me mosaic Down maʻi pale paha ia he wahi okoa, mai kā lākou mau na¯, akā, he uuku ma hope ma ka noʻonoʻo kūpono 'ana. Nō kāu, e like me kaʻike, ka pilikia e hōʻoia.

I ka hoike ana mai o ka maʻi pale

I ke keiki i Down ka maʻi pale e hoopuni ike koke ma hope o ka hanau ana. He pono nō ia e lohe i na kēia mau hiʻona:

• poo o ka liʻiliʻi nui, i ka i lalo hoʻi o ke poo;
• i lalo ka maka, flattened ihu alahaka;
• uuku chin, waha, pepeiao;
• maka me ka ano pa a me ka kēlā slit;
• pinepine wehe ana i kona waha;
• pōkole lala, manamana lima,'ā'ī;
• nāwaliwali, Muscle leo;
• nā lāʻau ka laulā me ka transverse ili (Keko) pa.

Loa pinepine, keiki me Down maʻi pale i ike ia e kēia mau hoailona. Ka mea hiki ke hooholo ole wale i ka hoʻomalu, akā, i ano o kanaka. A laila, i kaʻike, ua hookupaa iho la ia ma ka piha nana, a me ka helu o ke kālailai.

Pehea noho pilikia maʻi pale?

Inā ka ohana i hanau ia, e pono e hana ia me ka malama nui. IeAUPIIe, IAa IO mau keiki, ma ka hou ia mawaho me na hoailona, kūkulu i kekahi maʻi nui:

• hoʻopōʻino e hoʻonele;
• congenital naau maʻi ;
• 'āno'ē kūpono 'ana o ka pahu.

No kēia mau kumu, keiki ia oi pinepineʻana i ka noho 'ana kamaliʻi nā mea palahēhē, e loaa ana mai ka pulmonary maʻi. Eia hou, kona ulu ua pili me ka noʻonoʻo 'a me ka physical? acaeoey. Kali ho okumu ana i ka digestive'ōnaehana i entail i ka ho'ēmiʻana i loko o'ūhū haʻawina, a me nā hihia ma digestion. Pinepine i ke keiki i lalo ma ka pono o ka huikau naʻauʻoki kino. Eia hou, e hiki hoʻomōhala dysfunction o'ē aʻe nā loko.

I kekahi manawa, e pale kaʻawaʻawa loa ka hopena o na hana ia ma ka manawa, e kōkua. Nolaila, ia meaʻano nui ia ana ma ke kahua o ka mālama '-Natal kūpono' ana o ke keiki.

kamepiula pūʻulu

Ma awelika, me ka mea hiki wale mai o ko Down ka maʻi pale - 1: 600 (1 keiki i loko o 600). Eia naʻe, i kēia mau kii oko ma na mea he nui aʻe. pinepine Children iho la ia i hanau i na wahine no 35 makahiki. Ka mua i ka wahine, i ka nui o ka pilikia o ka ke keiki me ke kino kīnā. Nolaila, makuwahine o ka 35 makahiki ka mea nui, e lawe i ka mea e pono 'inikua examinations ma kekahi mau kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao o ka hāpai keiki.

Naʻe, i ka hanau ana o ke keiki me Down maʻi pale ia lŘlŘ ka makuwahine i ka makahiki 25. Ua Ua loaʻa i nā kumu no keia e hoi e na makahiki o ka makua kāne, i ke alo o ka pili loa ka mare, a, oddly lawa, i ka makahiki o ke kupunawahine.

lapaʻau '

I kēia lā diagnose Down maʻi pale i ia ma ke kahua o ka hāpai keiki. Ka ai-kapaia "hoao no Down maʻi pale" ka loaʻa o ka pau laulā o nā haʻawina. All ki ina hana like o kaʻike, ma mua hanau ua kapaia prenatal a conditionally puunaueia i loko o nā pūʻulu:

• invasive -ʻoki kino ke komo pū i ke kaua o ka amniotic makahiki;
• ole-invasive -ʻaʻohe anal i loko o ke kino.

Ka mua pūʻulu o nā kiʻina hana a nā:

• Amniocentesis. Special kui kele ma pa paka amniotic loli. Na keena iloko o keia wai i na hoopai ana i ka aaiaoe study no ke alo o ka chromosomal abnormalities. Theoretically, i ka hana hiki e weliweli no ka wā e hiki mai ana o ka fetus, no laila ka mea, 'aʻole i koi' ia nā mea a pau.
• Pa uuku ka nui o ka'aʻaʻa (biopsy), ka fetal iwi ke keʻena (chorion). Ua Ua manaoio aku i ka mea kūpono mea i hāʻawi mai i ka oi ike loea result me aaiaoe haʻawina.
  

I ka lua o ka pūʻulu o nā kiʻina hana a nā ka maluhia, no ka laʻana, ultrasound a me biochemical haʻawina. Down maʻi pale ua 'akomi i ka ultrasound mai o ka hebedoma 12th o ka hāpai keiki. Nō kāu, e like me he ao ua hui me ke koko e ho'āʻo ai. Inā he mea i ke kamepiula i kekahi wahine i ke kamaiki ilalo, e pono e hele ma ka pau 'ia paha o nā ana.

Hiki au ua ālai 'ia?

Pale aku i ka helehelena o ke keiki me Down maʻi pale hiki e wale mai i ka hoʻomaka o ka hapai ana ma ka aaiaoe makuahine a me ka makua kāne o ke anamanaʻo. Special e ho'āʻo ai, e hōʻike i ka degere o ka pilikia o ka chromosomal maʻi i loko o ka wā e hiki mai fetus. Kēia mea i loko o ka mooolelo nui aʻe - i ka makahiki o ka makuahine, makuakane, kupunawahine, i ke alo o ka pili koko, ka mare, hanau Down ka maʻi pale i loko o ka 'ohana.

E kuhikuhi i pilikia i loko o kakahiaka hāpai keiki, o ka wahine mea noa e hooholo e pili ana i ka hopena o ka fetus. E hoohaunaele ana i ke keiki me Down ka maʻi pale - he loa eiiieaena a me ka manawa-e hoopau ana kaʻina. I koʻu ola i kēia keiki, e pono i kekahi kiʻekiʻe-e like ai mālama. Akā, mākou e mai poina i ke ahiahi keiki me ke kino kīnā ua hiki loa i loko o ke kula a me ka holomua ma ke ola.

Ua loaʻa i ka lapaau?

Ua Ua manao i hiki ole Down maʻi pale e ola, e like me ka mea mea he aaiaoe maʻi. Eia naʻe, he mau aoao, e hooluolu aku au i kona mau symptoms.

Children me Down maʻi pale Pono e e hooikaika ka. A me ka kiʻekiʻe-e like ai mālama ', ka mea e pono ai kupono aʻo. Ka mea, eia he lōʻihi manawa hiki ole aʻo pehea e lawe malama no lakou iho, no laila, e pono e inculcate kēia mau mākau. Eia hou, ka mea e pono ai ikaika kau me ka lehelehe hohonu, a me kino physiotherapist. Aia ka mea, pela papahana hoʻopulapula polokalamu no kēia mau keiki, kokua ana ia laua e hoʻomohala a hakuloli i ke kaiāulu.

Kēia kēia scientific kūpono 'ana e like me ke kumu aeea iapaau ana ke compensate no ka lag i loko o ka physical kūpono' ana o ke keiki. Inc hiki normalize iwi ulu, lolo ulu, e hoʻokūpaʻa kino na nā loko, ka hōʻoi 'e hoʻonele. I ka hoike o ka anei i keena ma ke kino o ke keiki hoʻomaka koke ma hope o ka hanau ana.

Aia ka 'ike e pili ana i ka laulā o ka lōʻihi-makahiki iapaau ana o kekahi mau ai'. Ka mea, hoʻoikaika pūnao, a i ka maikaʻi ia ma luna o ka ulu ana o ke keiki me Down maʻi pale.

Down a Society

Children me Down maʻi pale ka loa paʻakikī ke hakuloli i ke kaiāulu. Akā, i ka mea ia manawa ia mea mau Kuleana kamaʻilio. Children iho la ia i loa aloha, oluolu, e hele aku ma ka leo, 'oluʻolu, hoʻowahāwahā i ka naʻau i loko nā poʻohiwi. No kēia mau ano ka mea, e pinepine kapaia "poe keiki."

Ma Rusia, ka pili ana i ka poe mamo me ka chromosomal abnormality,ʻaʻoheʻokoʻa 'elele. Ke keiki lags ma ke kua o ka ulu ana, ke lilo i ke kumuhana o ke kahakaha i waena o lākou na¯, a i ka detrimental ia ma luna o kona mau manaʻoʻike kūpono 'ana.

People me Down maʻi pale, e i hihia ma ko lakou mau ola. Ka mea, e ole e kiʻi i ka kindergarten, i ke kula. Ka mea, i pilikia i loaa ia hana. Ia mea i oluolu i ka hoʻomaka i ka 'ohana, akā, hiki ina mea nele, he mau pilikia a me ka hiki i ka i keiki. Men iho la fruitless, a me na wahine ma māhuahua pilikia o ka hanau ana o maʻi keiki kakou nana.

Eia naʻe, kanaka me Down maʻi pale ke alakai i ka piha ola. nō ka mea hiki ke aʻo, hoʻowahāwahā i ka mea i keia kaʻina o ka mea, i nui ke kua'āina. I waena o kēia mau kanaka, ua nui nā loea nā mea hana keaka, no ka a Kino o Simple i hoʻokumuʻia ma ka makahiki 1999 ma Moscow.