Circulatory nā loko: nā hiʻona, i hana '. Maʻi o ka circulatory'ōnaehana

Loko o ka kanaka kino e aia ka digestive nā loko, koko holo, me ka hoolohe, a no laila, ma luna, a pau o ia e komo i loko o ka hōʻoia 'o ka maʻamau functioning o ke kino. Naʻe, ka mea, ua manaoio aku i ka'ōnaehana hanaʻia kī hana o ka circulatory nenoaiu. E hoi kakou i ka mea i loko o oi au mamuli.

Overview

Holo He He ana neʻeʻana o ke koko ma ka paʻa nenoaiu. Ua hōʻoiaʻiʻo ka lako hou i ka o oxygen i nā'aʻaʻa a me nā keena. Naʻe, i kēia mea,ʻaʻole a pau o ka mana o ka circulatory nenoaiu. Ma muli o kā lākou i ka ha awina ma ka keena a me nā'aʻaʻa hānai ka mahuaola, nā wikamina, paʻakai, ka wai, hormones. Ka mea, i kekahi 'ole i loko o ke ana o ka hopena huahana o pūnao, malama i ka ikaika kino ana wela.

Kālaimeaola, Grade 8: circulatory nā loko

Ka mua mau makamaka, a me na kipi 'ole o ke kino i wahi ma ke kula. Nā haumāna e ole e aʻo i loaʻa i circulatory nā loko. Grade 8 komo ai i ka hoʻopaʻa 'ana o kā lākou' ano, ke hana kūleʻa me nā oihana mua o ke kanaka kino. No ka hoomaopopo maikaʻi no nā keiki malalo kaumaha aku na mea manaʻo. Ka mea, maopopo hōʻike, i ka mea a ka circulatory nā loko o kekahi kanaka i hiki i Noaia loko kino kŘkohu i hoʻomākaukauʻia.

E pili ana i ka circulatory'ōnaehana?

Mua a poʻokela o ka naau. Ua Ua noʻonoʻo me ka nui kino o ke kahua. Eia naʻe, i kona hana ina ua ko futile i loko o ka wa e kaawale aku o ka moku ke koko i nā makana i loko o nā mea a pau kino nā'aʻaʻa. He no ia ia ke hoolilo ke koko ka mahuaola a me nā nui 'ona. Nā moku i ka 'okoʻa ka nui a me ka anawaena. Aia i nui - na aa koko a me arteries, a ma laila nō uuku - capillaries.

naau

Ua ua poe ma ka puha muscular hui,. Ka naau i eha keena: elua atria (hema a me ka pololei), a me ka hookahi helu o ventricles. A pau kēia mau hakahaka i kaawale mai kekahi i kekahi ma i pohā. I ka pono a me ka atrium ventricle e launa me kekahi i kekahi ma ka tricuspid, a haʻalele - ma ka hahai kiwikā. makua naʻau kaupaona ka awelika o ma kahi o 250 nā huna (wahine) a me 330 g. (kanaka). Kino lōʻihi - ma kahi o 10-15 knm, a me kona transverse nui - 8-11 knm, mai ke alo i hope paia lōʻihi mea e pili ana i 6-8.5 knm ka awelika ka leo o ka naau kanaka -. 700-900 knm ^3, na wahine - 500-600 knm ³ .

Specificity o ka naau

Ka mawaho kino pa Muscle hana. Kona kanu'ōiwi nā mea i 'ano like me ka' ole o ka striated Muscle. Cardiac Muscle, nae, ua hiki ke aelike rhythmically nānā 'ole o ka mawaho hopena. Keia mea aie a hiki i ka lāʻau ikiʻai wale 'ia i loko o ke kino.

pōʻaiapuni

I ka hana o ka naau o ka ka pahu kui o ka arterial koko e kahe ana ma kona mau aa koko. Kino ua hoemi ma kahi o 70-75 manawa / min. ma koena. Ua mea e pili ana i manawa no 0,8 kekona. Ana ana o ke kino ua i mai o ka pōʻaiapuni. Kēlā me kēia no ia komo ai ka contraction (systole) a me ka hoʻomaha (diastole). Aia he ekolu kūlana o ka naau:

1. Atrial systole. Ua hele 0,1 kekona.
2. Contraction o na ventricles. Ua lawe 0,3 kekona.
3. Huina hoʻomaha - diastole. Ua hele 0,4 kekona.

Iloko o ka pōʻaiapuni holoʻokoʻa, no laila, i ka hana o ka atrial mau 0,1 kekona, a me kā lākou hoʻomaha -. 0,7 kekona. Ventricles o 0,3 kekona, a me ke koena - 0.5 kek.. Kēia kumu na nāʻiʻo hiki i ka hana ma ke ola.

na moku

High hana o ka naau ua pili me ka hoʻoikaika 'ana i o kona koko lako. He aie i ka ipu koko holo ana mea. Kahi o 10% o ke koko e kahe ana i loko o ka aorta mai ka ventricle hema, komo i loko o ka arteries e hānai i ka naau. Kokoke a pau no ia e lawe aku i oxygen i na nā'aʻaʻa a me nā oihana mua o ke kino. Venous koko hāpai wale ka pulmonary artery. Moku paia ninoieo o ekolu papa.

1. Connective mawaho iwi.
2. Central, a ua hanaʻia ma ka malimali a me ka Muscle laholio olona.
3. Lilo o ka hana connective'aʻaʻa a me ka endothelium.

Kanaka arterial anawaena mea i loko o ka laulā 0.4-2.5 knm. Ma awelika, me ka heluna koko ka leo i loko o ia mea 950 ml. Nā arteries lala aku i loko o uuku - arterioles. Lakou, ma ka huli, kekahi i loko o ka capillaries. Mau kino i manaoia e ia i ka huna uuku holo. Ke anawaena o ka capillaries mea i oi aku mamua o 0,005 mm o. Ka mea, komo iloko a pau nā'aʻaʻa a me nā loko. Nā capillaries hoolako i ka huina lakou o arterioles me venules. Nā paia o nā moku uuku koko komo o endothelial keena. Ma ia e like kinoea, a me ka 'ona. Aa koko e lawe aku i ke koko lako oukou i loko o ke kalapona'okikene lua i loaʻa ka metabolic huahana, hormones, a me nā kumumea mai na nā loko a hiki i ka puu wai. Nā paia o kēia mau moku OAOOUIEeE maalea, a kohoʻia. Medium a me ka mea uuku aa koko i kiwikā. Ka mea, pale aku ke koko mai kahe hoʻi.

koʻikoʻi a hanohano

i ho'ākāka 'ia ma ke koko a me ka circulatory nā loko i ka 1628 mea'ōnaehana mānowai koko a puni o mammals a me ke kanaka iā ia i aʻo i ka' ōlelo Pelekānia kauka W. Harvey. He 'ike akula i ke koko holo kino kuahene mau mau pōʻai - ka poe liilii, a me ka nui. Ka mea, oko mai kekahi i kekahi i loko o kā lākou mau Pahuhopu. Eia kekahi, aia no he kolu kaiapili, he ai-i kapaia o ka naau. Ua lawelawe 'ana i ka naau. Ua hoʻomaka kaiapili coronary arteries e holo ana mai ka aorta. Ke Aloha kolu o ka p ÷ ai cardiac aa koko. Ka mea, converge ma ka coronary sinus, i empties i loko o ka atrium akau. Other aa koko i kekahi hapa o kona lua 'ana.

uuku kaiapili

Me ia, me ka launa pū naehana hanu a me ka circulatory kahua. i kapaia Small Circle pulmonary. Ua 'oi aku ke koko lako oukou me ka o oxygen i loko o nā maʻiʻaʻai. Ua hoʻomaka ka p ÷ ai, mai ka ventricle akau. Venous koko kolo ana i ka pulmonary kumu. Ua Ua maheleia i loko o kona mau lala elua. Kēlā me kēia no ia hāpai i ke koko, niioaaonoaaiii, i ka akemāmā akau a me ka lima hema. Loko o kēia mau arteries diverge ma luna o nā capillaries. Ka vascular latike i ka wili hoʻokahi a pulmonary vesicles, koko haawi mai i carbon dioxide a me ka loaa ana ka oxygen. Ua lilo kaʻulaʻula, a hele ma ka capillaries i loko o na aa koko. Eia kekahi, ka mea i hui pūʻia i loko o ka pulmonary moku eha, a kahe ana i loko o ka haʻalele atrium. Eia, ma ka mea, he uuku kaiapili welau. Loaa atrium i ke koko kahe ana ma ka atrioventricular hamama i loko o ka ventricle hema. Nolaila i ka p ÷ ai nui huli no. Penei, ka pulmonary arteries halihali venous a me ka aa koko - arterial koko.

nui kaiapili

Ua komo ai a pau na nā loko o ke koko holo, ma ka hou ana i na ipu pulmonary. Ka nui kaiapili ua i kapaia ka corporal. Ua 'ohi i ke koko, mai na aa koko o ke kino luna a lalo, a hāʻawi i ka arterial. Ua hoʻomaka ka p ÷ ai, mai ka ventricle hema. Kona koko kahe ana i loko o ka aorta. Ua Ua noʻonoʻo pono i ka nui moku. Ke arterial koko iloko ona i kakauia a pau o ka mea waiwai no ke ola o ka meaola, e like me ka oxygen. Ke aorta i hookaawale ai i loko o ka arteries. Ka mea, e hele ana i na nā'aʻaʻa a pau o ke kino, e hele i loko o arterioles, a laila, i ka capillaries. Ka la mahope, i ka huli, e pili ana i na venules, a laila aa koko. Ma capillary paia ia lŘlŘ mail kinoea a me ka 'ona. Arterial koko kaʻohiʻana i i ka oxygen, a haawi nā huahana o pūnao, a me ka o carbon dioxide. Venous wai i ka hohonu ulaula waihoʻoluʻu. Na moku e pili ana i ka vena cava - i ka nui ilpko o. Ka mea, hāʻule i loko o ka atrium akau. Aia ka he ākea laulā o nā kūlanaʻelua.

Honua o na moku

No kekahi kinowai mea ku pono i ka'aloʻahiʻa koena unuhi. He nui ka mea, o, ka mea maluna o ka uku. Like me, neʻe maila ke koko ma na ipu o ka poe liilii, a me ka nui kaiāulu. Ka puʻe i loko o keia hihia ua hana contractions o ka naau. Ke aorta, a me ka lima hema ventricle mea kiʻekiʻe ma luna o loko o ka atrium akau, a kāwaha aa koko. Manawa a hiki i kēia, i ke kinowai Pńk'pika ma na ipu p ÷ ai. Ke pulmonary artery a me ka pololei ventricular puʻe mea kiʻekiʻe, a ma ka atrium hema a me ka pulmonary aa koko - haʻahaʻa. Aie i ke koena unuhi noi i wahi i loko o ka uuku kaiapili. Ka nui puʻe i loko o ka arteries nui a me ka aorta. Kēia anakahi He lolelua. I ka holo ana o ke koko, mai ka puʻe o ka ikehu hoopauia ma ka kū'ē hakumakuma koko vascular pa. Ma keia e pili ana, e hoʻomaka e emi i nā. No maopopo, i kēia kaʻina ia lŘlŘ ma na capillaries a me ka uuku arteries. O ke kumu ho i ka mea i kēia mau moku i ka nui e kū'ē'ē mai. Ke venous puʻe mau e emi, a laila lilo puha moku i ka lewa paha i emi.

hele mämä holo

Hiʻona o ka circulatory'ōnaehana i loko o kā lākou kūloko ma 'ole a me ka nui. No ka laʻana, ina ua olelo o ka moku, alaila, o ka laula o ka moana, e hilinaʻi māmā holo o ka loli. Ka mea nui e like me ka olelo ana ma luna, ka mea, ua noʻonoʻo i ka aorta. 'O kēia ka mea wale nō moku me ka widest Track. Ma ka mea hala ae i ke koko a pau e hele mai ana mai loko mai o ka ventricle hema. A me keia ke kumu ka i kā mākou māmā holo o ka moku - 500 mm o / kek.. Nā arteries lala aku i loko o liʻiliʻi poʻe. Alaila, ma loko o laila ua hoemiia ka māmā holo i 0.5 mm o / kek.. i loko o ka capillaries. Ma keia manawa, e haawi aku ke koko a me ka mahuaola i oxygen i huiʻia, a ohi i nā huahana o ka pūnao. pele i loko o ka capillaries ua kauoha ae la ia e kekahi loli ma ka lumen o liʻiliʻi arteries. Ma kā lākou? Anoe? Pono, piʻi pū, i ka hou - hoʻonāwaliwali. Ka mea uuku circulatory nā loko - na capillaries - i na poe i nui loa. Ma kānaka, aia nō ma kahi o 40 ieeeea?. I ka Ia manawa ko lakou huinaʻae nui aortic 800 manawa. Akā, māmā holo o ka loli ma luna o ia mea loa haʻahaʻa. Vienna, kokoke i ka puu wai lilo nui a coalesce. Summary o ka lumen ua ua hoʻemi, akā, me ka uku o ke koko hoʻohālikelike me capillaries, piʻi pū. Hooeueu ae i na aa koko aie i ka'aloʻahiʻa koena unuhi. Koko ua kuhikuhi 'ana i ka naau, i ka poʻea pau i ka ka ho'ēmiʻana o skeletal Muscle, a me ka pahu hope. Penei, i ka hoʻoulu i ka'aloʻahiʻa likeʻole i ke kumu a me ka welau o ka venous kahua , piʻi pū. Me ka ka ho'ēmiʻana o skeletal Muscle contraction ia lŘlŘ aa koko. Ua hoi ka paipai 'ana i ke koko kahe ana i ka naau.

pathological moku'āina

Maʻi o ka circulatory'ōnaehana i loko o nā 'ikepili helu e hoopiha i kekahi o na wahi mua. Pinepine pathological kumu alakai i ke hoʻokō 'kīnā o ke kino. Ke kumu no ka i loaʻa nō kekahi a me ka 'ē aʻe' e nui loa. Lesions ke hana i na wahi likeʻole o nā ipu naau a me ke koko. circulatory'ōnaehana maʻi i diagnosed i kanaka o kekahi makahiki a me ka wahine. Wahi a ka 'ikepili helu, aka, kekahi pathological aku ana i hana hou pinepine i loko o nā wāhine, oiai kekahi poe - no na kanaka.

symptoms o make ai

Maʻi o ka circulatory'ōnaehana ukali ma kekahi mau hoopii o nā mea maʻi. Pinepine na symptoms eʻole i nā mea a pau pathological ana, a aole i hai aku i kekahi kekahi kue. Lawa pono ole, noonoo hihia ma ke kuʻina kakahiaka nui o ka hanana o ka 'aʻe' ana o kekahi kanaka, aole ia e hōʻike i kekahi hoopii. Kekahi o ka circulatory'ōnaehana maʻi i diagnosed e iho. Eia naʻe, ka ike e pili ana i ka loa, he pono ole symptoms e leie aku 'eleu' ike o ke pathology, a koho ia i loko o ke kakahiaka kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao. Maʻi hiki e pu e:

• Pokole o ka hanu.
• Pain i loko o ka naʻau.
• Haanou ana.
• Cyanosis a no laila, ma luna o.

Kal

Ua ua ike ia ola kanaka mai i haha aku i ka contractions o kou naau ma hoomaha. Mai Mai haha palpitations a me ka mehana fiznagruzki. Eia naʻe, kona mea ulu i ola kanaka, e haha i ka Kal. Kona pepehi ana hiki ke listen, oiai e holo mai ana, manaʻo pīhoihoi, ma ke ana wela kiʻekiʻe. Ke kahua Ua okoa no ka poe kanaka, ka poe i pilikia a me na ipu naau a me ke koko. Palpitations , ka mea hiki ke haha, a ma ka malamalama e haawe, a ma kekahi mau hihia a hiki ma maha. I ka papa kuhikuhiE kumu o keia kulana ua manaoia e ia i ka 'aʻe' ana i ka papa contractile o ke kino. Kal ma keia hihia o ka uku 'ʻano papa hana. Ka nui, e hoike ana i ka olelo mai kue o kekahi contraction kino Ka Wailele O i loko o ka aorta uuku ka leo o ke koko ma mua o ka pono. No laila, ka mea naʻau e hele i ka mālama nui 'ano paha i loko o. Kēia mea he loa adverse kanawai ma luna o ka mea, no ka mea, o ka hoʻomaha pae ua me ka nui loa hoopokole. Penei, o ka naau o ke Akua emi ma mua o ka mea, e ia. Iloko o ka pōkole hoʻomaha biochemical keʻano o ka hanaʻana pono e loaa, mai i manawa e hele aku ma. Rapid Kal kapa tachycardia.

ka eha

Kēia symptom accompanies maʻi he nui loa. Pela i loko o kekahi mau hihia a pau o ka naauʻeha i ia i ka iniiaiie symptom (e laʻa me, ischemia), a me kekahi poe e ae - i ole i ka hoʻoholo 'ololi. I CHDʻeha, kena ae la ia e lawa koko lako i ka naau Muscle. Pathology hōʻike o ke kīnā i lawa ke kālaʻe. Pain he contractive ano, pōkole lōʻihi like 'ole (3-5 minuke), paroxysmal, ia lŘlŘ nō kāu i fiznagruzki ma haʻahaʻa mahana. A like me ke ano ke hana i loko o ka moe. IeAUPIIe, IAa IO he kanaka ia eha e manaʻo nei, lawe i ka noho ana kulana, a he me. Oia ka kaua ua kapaia hoʻomaha angina. A me nā maʻi, eha mai i ke ano o ka maopopo kīnā. IeAUPIIe, IAa IO ka mea, e aching a hele kekahi mau manawa. Ka mea, e mai i ke kiʻekiʻe pinepine '. A pau keia cupping kanawai ma o ka hiki aku o kekahi ka lapaʻauʻia, aole ia i kānāwai. Oia eha pu i kaʻokoʻa pathology. Mawaena o lakou i ka naau maʻi, pericarditis, myocarditis, hypertension, a no laila, ma luna o. Pain i loko o ka naʻau kahi hiki ole ke pili me ka maʻi o ka circulatory nenoaiu. No ka laʻana, e diagnosed ka mea, me ka hema-mńlualua pneumonia, osteochondrosis o ka cervical a me ka thoracic, intercostal neuralgia, myositis, a no laila, ma luna o.

Haʻahaʻa i loko o ka naʻau ha awina

Ma keia moku'āina kekahi Kahalaopuna unevenness kino hana. Ua hoike mai ai ia ia iho i loko o ka palapala o ka mae wale, ikaika pōkole hahau, ana, etc. Ma kekahi kanaka, mau ka hoʻohuikau 'mea pohihihi keia, ae -. More hooloihi ae i, a i kekahi manawa ka mau. Nō kāu, mau ka waiʻona ma ke pu ma tachycardia. Ma kekahi mau hihia, mau hewa, a me ia me ka occasional pāpana. Nā kumu i nā kui iho oe a (halawai ka ho'ēmiʻana), atrial fibrillation (poho rhythmic naʻau kuleana pili i). Eia hou, ke kue i e noho ana i lawelawe ''ōnaehana a me ke kino nāʻiʻo.

Kou niho o ka naau

Normal ka pilina paʻa ha awina o ke kino, ua hiki wale nō i ka luawai-ulu circulatory kahua ola. Ke kahe ana e hoʻoholo i ka degere o ka'aʻaʻa pono lako pinepine 'hui a me ka wehe' ana o kēia mau metabolic huahana. Ma physical ha awina i ke koi no ka o oxygen, piʻi pū i ka mea ia manawa me ka hoomahuahua i loko o ka naʻau kōmi. I mea e pale aku ka hoʻohuikau 'a me na haunaele, e e hoʻomaʻamaʻa kino Muscle. No keia hopena, poe akamai i waiho aku i ke kakahiaka, e hana i nā kino. He mea nui oi loa aku hoi no ka poe kanaka nona ka hope ua i pili i ka fiznagruzki. Oi aku ia ma luna o ka hoʻokō 'hoʻomaka, ina e hana ke ao o waho. I mau, kauka paipai aku, e hele hou aku. I ka Ia manawa mea hoʻomanaʻoʻia ai ia ia excessive psycho-mea naʻau a me ka physical stress hiki loko i ka maʻamau hana o ka naau. Ma keia e pili ana ia e e hiki ke pale aku stress a me ka iini. Lālau physical hana, ia mea pono e koho i ka haawe uea 'puaʻa heʻa ala meaola. An loa io ia i ka hana o ke kino, nicotine i, ka waiʻona, ai '. Ka mea, hoomake iho i ka Central ko mākou hopohopo'ōnaehana a me ka naau, e kauoha ana i ka naha nui o ka rula o vascular leo. E like me ka hopena, ka mea e hoʻomōhala hanahana loa ka maʻi o ka circulatory oihana, kekahi o i mea ona. Nā kanaka i ka hoʻohana 'waiʻona a me ka uwahi, i oi, he pono ole vascular spasms. Ma keia e pili ana ia mea pono, e haawi i hewaʻano, a kōkua ma nāʻano a pau i kona naau.