He aha ka ka colligative waiwai?

Nā pāʻoihana - Ua homogeneous nenoai i hoʻohui pū elua a oi eiiiiiaiou, e like me huahana i ho i ka AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN o kēia mau eiiiiiaiou. Ka mea, e ia i loko o paa, kinowai a gaseous moku'āina. E noonoo oe i ka kinowai hoʻopiha moku'āina pāʻoihana. I kā lākou haku mele 'ana ka loaʻa o ka'ūheheʻe, a me ka waiwai a mea hoʻoheheʻe laila (hope emi).

Colligative waiwai - kā lākou mau 'ano i ka poe a pau i loko o nā moʻopuna like wale no ka'ūheheʻe a me kiaʻana i kāna i ka pāʻoihana. Ka mea, i kekahi kapa i ka like 'ole kaʻana. Colligative waiwai i hoike ia ma na Blend, ma a he mea AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN ma waena o ka Nine Inch 'ano o ko lākou mau eiiiiiaiou. A, me ka manao lokahi hana o koa ma waena o na (particles), a me (particles) o'ūheheʻe-'ūheheʻe, a ua hoʻopau ma loko o laila i ka waiwai i loko o maikaʻi pāʻoihana.

Colligative waiwai:

1) ka mahu puʻe ma luna o ka pāʻoihana mea haʻahaʻa ma mua o ka mea ma luna'ūheheʻe.

2) Crystallization o ka pāʻoihana mea ma ke ana wela ma lalo o ka crystallization mahana o ka'ūheheʻe i loko o ka palapala maemae.

3) hoʻolapalapa i ka pāʻoihana ia lŘlŘ ma ke ana wela ma luna ma mua o ka baila aʻela i o ka'ūheheʻe.

4) Ka kŰia o ka osmosis.

E hoomanao i colligative waiwai pākahi.

Ke equilibrium i ka mau 'i loko o ka paʻa'ōnaehana: wai - mahu puʻe ua wehewehe aku ma ka paʻa kūhohonu loa ohu. No ka mea, ma ka pāʻoihana ua piha i kaʻilikai hapa me na nā lātoma o ka solute, ke equilibrium e e hiki i kekahi waiwai malalo o ka mahu puʻe.

Ka lua o ka waiwai Collegiate - hoemi crystallization mahana i hoohalikeia me ka'ūheheʻe o ka pāʻoihana - aie i ka mea i ka (particles) o ka solute e keakea mai ai i ka hana ana o na nā pōaka, a pela i pale i ka crystallization ma haʻahaʻa mahana.

Ka baila aʻela i wahi o ka läÿau, ua oi aku ia mamua o ka'ūheheʻe i loko o ka palapala maemae, aie i ka mea i ka lewa puʻe like, a me ka mahu puʻe ua loaʻa ma kiʻekiʻe wela, no kekahi hapa o ka'ūheheʻe nā lātoma pili i nā (particles) o ka solute.

Ha colligative waiwai - ka kŰia o ka osmosis.

osmosis - ka hiki e neʻe i ma ka hookaawale ana'ūheheʻe i mea permeable no kekahi (particles) ('ūheheʻe lātoma) a me ka impermeable i kekahi poe e ae (solute lātoma). Keia paku hoʻokaʻawale i ka pāʻoihana me ka maʻiʻo kiʻekiʻe o solute, mai ka emi i kia pāʻoihana. An kumu o ia ka semipermeable paku hiki ke malama i kaʻili lahilahi o ka halepaahao ola, bovine, etc. Oe. Osmosis kŰia, kena ae la ia e ka lehulehu equalization ma na aoao elua i hookaawale ia e kaʻili lahilahi i mea thermodynamically oi maikaʻi no ke kahua. Ma muli o ka pohupani hale o ka'ūheheʻe i loko o ka pāʻoihana nui i kia ma keia aoao o ka moku, he mea ka hoomahuahua i ka puʻe. Kēia excessive puʻe i ua kapaia osmotic.

Colligative waiwai o nā pāʻoihana o non-electrolytes hiki ke poe mathematically ma na nā helu kaulike.

. Δ BP = Ekip ∙ E;

Δ T c. = ∙ Kzam E;

π = CRT.

Colligative waiwai pohihihi no kekahi pāʻoihana o electrolytes a me nonelectrolytes pāʻoihana. No ka mea mua, ka mea, i kekahi aku. O ke kumu ho i ka mea i ka mea ana i loko o ka electrolytic dissociation, a me ka nui o ka (particles) me ka nui loa maoli.

Colligative waiwai e hoʻomano hoʻohana i loko o ka hale, a ma ka wahiʻoihana, no ka laʻana, osmosis ua hoʻohana 'ia e paka maemae ka wai. Ma ka noho ana meaola, he nui no na nenoai i i kūkuluʻia ma luna o ka colligative waiwai (e like, mahuahua i kanu aeee).