Janusz Korczak: Kawaihae pōkole, kiʻi

I keia la o ka honua i na kanaka i ua inoa - Janusz Korczak. Kawaihae no ka mea kaulana Polish kauka, mea kākau a me ka kumu hahau i kona mea kupaianaha ke aloha no ke ola a me na keiki. Kona lono kaumaha hopena a me kanaka mama kumu kūʻai o ia mea, e ike ia i loko o aku au mamuli.

Makahiki o ka wā kamaliʻi a me ke aʻo 'ana ma ke kula

Korczak ka maoli inoa - Hirsch (i loko o Polish pahaohao Henrik) Goldschmidt. He Ua hānauʻia i loko o kekahi ohana Iudaio i loko o ke Polish aupuni, a i laila kekahi hapa o ka Russian aupuni a pau i ka 1878.

I loko nō o ka mea i i ole noho mai ai i ka oo elemakule, he hailona o ka manawa, e ike i kona wa e ola ana J. Korczak. Kawaihae pokole hiki ole kekahi, i nā hanana o kona ola.

Henrik hele mai, mai ka hoʻonaʻauao 'ohana: o kona kupuna i ka kauka, a me kona makua kāne - he kakaolelo. I mea e manao hou iʻoluʻolu i loko o ka Polish hui, Goldschmidt ohana ua assimilated me kaʻauamo, loa ole emphasizing na mooolelo Iudaio, o konaʻohana.

I ka wā e hiki mai kākau moʻolelo Janusz Korczak (Kawaihae, kiʻi o ka a, i like ke keiki, e hai mai ana ia ia me ka hiki ia oe a me ka inquisitive keiki) i ole hoao maopopo ola. Eia naʻe, mahalo i kona ike, oia i helu ia ma ka 'ihiʻihi Lūkini kula. E ao ana ia i mālama 'ia i loko o Lūkini, a laila,? Anoee a pau i ka nui make a me kaʻiʻo nō o kēia Europa,' ōlelo. I loko nō o ka nui kiʻekiʻe o ke aʻo, na kumu i ole hōʻike pono i loko o kā lākou mau haumana. Ke gymnasium Ua Kīwala'ō ma lalo loa kauohaʻana physical hoopai a me ka denunciation.

He nui hope, Janusz Korczak (Kawaihae mea i loaʻa, a e e pono-i ike e ia ke hōʻike no nā keiki) kaulana i ka mea i hoao ia ma ke kula kiʻekiʻe, alakai aku la ia ia i ka hoʻokumuʻiaʻana o ka hou humanistic nā kiʻina aʻo.

Ka mua pilikia

Korchak Yanush i ma ka hailona. Ke nova iho o keia nui kanaka hai mai ai e pili ana i ka hoao mua o kona ola. Oia ua i ka makua kāne ka uhane o ka loa maʻi i loaʻa iā lākou ia ia Henryk i 11 wale nō makahiki. A pau ohana dala i ka haʻalele ma ka lapaau ana o ka hoomanawanui, no laila, ke keiki Henrik i ka hana aʻoʻia, e kākoʻo kā lākou mauʻohana financially.

A laila, wehe i ka kupanaha aʻo Talan opiopio kumu, Henrik like ole i kekahi'ē aʻe i hiki ke loaʻa me kā lākou mau haumana i ka hoʻomaopopo like 'ōlelo, akahele a akahele hoolohe mai ia ia, a imi aloha oi ma mua o nā kumu a me ke kōkua o ke kookoo.

Janusz Korczak: Kawaihae pokole. Kahea ana i ke kauka, kākau moʻolelo a me ka mea aʻo

I ka 1898, ka hahai ana i ke kumu hoohalike o kona mau kupuna kāne, ma hope o ka mea i kapa Henrik ia i komo i ka Lapaʻau o'āuna kumu o ke Kulanui o Warsaw. Akā, i ke kanaka'ōpiopio hākilo hoihoi ole wale ma ka mea o ka lapaau, akā, i nā pilikia o kēia nā kiʻina aʻo. A hiki i kona makahiki 18, oia paʻi i kona mua kumu kiʻina hana noa i ka ' "Gordian knot". Ma kēia 'atikala, ka mea kākau e hoopii i nā mākua o kona mau lā i ka mea i hoʻoili i loko o ko lākou ola ma mua o kekahi mea akā, i ka hoʻonaʻauao' ia 'ana o kā lākou mau keiki. Ka mea nui wale nō ka mea, e hele ana a hiki i na la ia i kahu a me na kumu, ka poe i pinepine i loko o kā lākou hana wale hiki ole Makuakane i loko o ke ola.

Comments ma luna o kēia puke ma ka nupepa, ua ai maikaʻi i ka hoʻoponopono o kēia puke Komikina'Āina e alakaʻi i ka opiopio Henrik holoʻokoʻa pauku ma lalo o ka ia inoa.

Hope Korczak (pōkole Kawaihae o ia kanaka i kekahi mau iā mākou i loko o kēia 'atikala), e kākau 22 puke o ka hana hoolilo a hiki i ka helu o ke keiki hānai kapu.

Ma ka mea hiki ke aʻo hana Henrik ka hoʻomaka 'ana i loko o ka ia wā. I ka 1903, oia ua nānā aʻo i ka hana o Pestalozzi, hoomaka ae la e hana me ke kauka, a he kumu i loko o kekahi o nā Iudaio keiki ka haukapila, hui ka Iudaio Community kōkua i keiki makua ole.

Ho okumu ana o 'oihana nā mākau, a me ka weheʻana o ka "Hale o nā keiki makua ole"

Ma hope o ka loaa ana i ka 1905 i ka palapala puka certifying i ka pono e hana lapaau, Janusz Korczak, kona Kawaihae ua paa iho la ia ia a mau loa, a me ka laau lapaau, a me nā kiʻina aʻo, au i nana aku i ka pono wahi.

No kekahi manawa, ua lilo ka oihana kauka (i ia manawa, aia ua he nui Lūkini-Japanese kaua, no laila, i ka 'inikua nā limahana o ka Russian aupuni a pau, ua nui loa pono), a laila, hele aku la a hiki i Europa, e hui me ka holomua manaʻo i loko o ke kahua o ka a me ka hoʻonaʻauao' ana pediatrics.

He mea no i ike pono, nae, kākau a me publishes 'Imi, ka hoʻohana' ana i kona inoa kapakapa - Janusz Korczak.

A hoʻi hou i kona'āina, Korchak Yanush, kona Kawaihae ua mau loa ua hoʻopili me kana mau keiki, haalele mai ka 'inikuaʻoihana kahuna, a wehe i ka lokomaikai kula ma lalo o ka inoa "Hale o nā keiki makua ole." Mai 1911 a hiki i kona lono kaumaha make, Korczak e alakaʻi i kēia kula, a haawi i ko lakou ikaika i ka hoʻonaʻauao 'ia' ana o na keiki i koe me ka ae o ka makua malama.

hoʻonaʻauao ha awina

ʻeleu aʻo 'oihana Janusz Korczak, kona Kawaihae haawi mai i ka hāpana o keia hoolilo, hiehie me ka hana ma ka kākau. Ua, i kona inoa lilo lohe nuiʻia, loaʻa nā kākoʻo ana ma ka poe kākoʻo kona hoao financially.

I ka makahiki kakahiaka nui o kona paakiki hana Korczak a me kona colleague Stefania Velchinskaya hana 16 hola o ka lā, ka mea e ole ai oluolu e Makuakane me ka heluna nui o na keiki me ka hakina destinies, ua lilo ka manaoio i loko o kanaka.

Ke kumu o kona ao ana iaoia Korczak hoolakolako ka pono hoʻonaʻauao. I aku ai i ua makahiki, oia paʻi i ka puke no nā kumu a me nā mākua me ke kuleana "Pehea, e aloha aku i kekahi keiki?", I kēia puke, no ka mea kākau e haʻi ana i ka walaʻauʻana me nā loina o kona humanistic nā kiʻina aʻo ma muli o ke aloha no ke keiki, i ka hookamaia ana o ke kanaka me, aptitudes a me ka pono, ka halawai ana o ko lakou mau pono, a ka hooulu ana o kona mau mea naʻau a me ka volitional.

Anʻeleu kākoʻo iā ia, o ka humanist nā kiʻina aʻo i loko o Rusia i A. S. Makarenko. Ua ua ike ia J. Korczak, kona Kawaihae ua pili me ka Lūkini, heluhelu paʻiʻia hana Makarenko a mahalo 'kona mau ki ina hana like o ka hana ana me na keiki.

I ka manawa ma hope o ka'opi o ke aupuni a pau

Ma hope iho o ka'opi o ka Russian aupuni a pau, Poland wahi a kona kuokoa. J. Korczak i keia manawa mea ma ke alo me ka oihana kauka. Naʻe, i ke aupuni o ka Polish Repubalika ka mea opiopio kākau moʻolelo 'aʻole i hoʻi i kāna mau keiki,ʻo ia i hou kahea, manawa i loko o ka Polish kaua, kahi āna i hanaʻia i ke kaumaha mai kuni, ma hope a kupaianaha iaʻi e holo.

A hiki i ke koko o Soviet-Polish kaua subsides, Korczak hoi i kana mau keiki makua ole, ai mea e, aole loa haʻalele hou ia.

He devotes kona ikehu a pau i ka mea i ao ai. O kāna mau hoʻolālā haumāna aupuni, publishes he nupepa me na keiki (a me na reporters i na keiki iho), oia kākau i ka hailona, a publishes kā lākou hana.

He ua hōʻike haʻi'ōlelo no nā haumāna. Eia hoi, i ka makahiki 1934, ua kālaiʻia i kona kaulana 5 kauoha o ka hoʻonaʻauao 'ana, i i ka nānā' ana ma luna o ka nele o ke aloha no ke keiki, nānā i kana hana, i ka wa e kaawale aku o kaʻino i loko o ka hoʻonaʻauao, e ao ana honesty a me ka kaʻina pau ole o ka hoʻoponopono-loaʻa.

Ka lono kaumaha Kawaihaeʻaoʻao

He nui ike, a ua hoano e Janusz Korczak, i kona Kawaihae - maopopo. Akā, paha i ka hoao ana ikaika o kona ola ua ka Apana World War. Kēia i ka ha o ka mea kaua i loko o ke kumu o ke ola. Korczak noi, e ae aku ia ia i ka mua me ke kauka, akā, no ka mea, o kona mau makahikiʻo ia i haʻalele i loko o Warsaw.

Ke Kelemānia poʻe hao wale i ka hoʻokikina hoʻomaka koke, a koke i ke kulanakauhale ma lalo oʻoihana.

Old Kauka a me ke kumu i hana na mea a pau i kana poe keiki mai i haha aku i nā kālā o ke kaua, akā,ʻaʻole ia i loko o kona mana. Food nele, i kapa a me ka pumehana kapa. Iudaio keiki makua ole no na kēia kanaka Kelemānia poe i ka pololei loa ana o ka mea, no laila, ka mea, koke neʻe i loko o ka Warsaw ghetto. Korczak ho'āʻo ma nā mea e kū'ē i kēia, akā, hoopaa. Hiki ana mai o ka ia, hele aku la ia i kana poe keiki ma ka ghetto, kahi āna i kali ana no kona make.

ke ola mama

Ka mea 'aʻole hoʻi ka noho i loko o ka ghetto, Korczak ho'āʻo mai i ka lilo naau, a ma nāʻano a pau i ka kākoʻo i ka poe i laila. Naʻe, i ka hopena o kona mau keiki i hōʻailonaʻia. I ka 1942, ua loaa i ka mea i hoouna ai i ka make i hoomoanaʻi. Together me i na keiki manao e hele, a me nā kumu, a me Korczak.

Ua ua ike ia Hitler ka aupuni ma ka hope koke ke wehe i ka hoʻouna o Korczak i loko o kahi e hoʻomoana ai, ke aikane, e hoola i ke ola o kekahi kumu kaulana. Naʻe, ka mea kahiko kauka hoole ia i ka lokomaikaʻi olelo hooholo a me ka pili ana i ka hopena o kā lākou mau keiki. Janusz Korczak Ua pepehi ia ma 1942 ma ka Kelemānia kūikawā i hoomoanaʻi Treblinka.