Ka ha US Pelekikena James Madison Kawaihae, kālai'āina wale

Ma US mōʻaukala, ua nui ka poe i luna i ka nui ole ma luna o ka ulu o ke aupuni ma luna o ka mea e hiki mai ana nō oʻumi makahiki. A hoʻohālike maikaʻi maoli - Dzheyms Medison. He ua i ka ha o ka luna o kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia.

XIX. Biographical 'ike

Hânau 'ia i ka 1751, make iho la ia i ka 1836. Ha o ka pelekikena mea no kaulana i loko o ka United States, no ka mea, ua kekahi o na Mamua o ke Kumukanawai o ka State. Ua Ua manaoio aku i ka malamalama, uaʻikeʻia i loko o ke kūlanakauhale o Port Conway (Virginia). ¶ A hiki i March 16 1751. Education Dzheyms Medison initially loaa a pilikino (e like he nui loa i loko o kona manawa). I ka 1769, oia hoopuni hele i ke kulanui '.

I ka manawa i kapa i kēia kula i ke College o New Jersey. Oka puka - 1771. I ka Ia manawa, ua lilo i lâlâ o ka Whig Kūkākūkā Club, i predetermines i kona wā e hiki mai kālai'āina 'oihana a me ka hilinaʻi. Me kona moolelo o ka Amerika Huipuia, ua aneane e hoʻomaka ana mai kūikawā, no ka mea Madison i hana i kekahi puu, e ho okumu i piha-Ka makamake nui a me Ka Uluwehi O Ke mana 'ole.

Ka hoʻomaka o kona 'oihana pili aupuni

No ka mea manawa mua o ka wā e hiki mai US pelekikena o Laielohelohe i ka noonoo ana o na revolutionaries i ka 1775. He Ua hoonohoia Luna hoomalu o ka hoʻokahuli aupuni Komite o ka Maluhia o ka Lehulehu ma Orange County. I ka Ia manawa, Madison, ua maopopo loa me ka mea kākau o kaʻano o ka pepelu a me ka olelo hoomaikai, ma ka mea āna i ikaika kakou e hoohewa i ka aupuni o Beritania.

Ia mea e kahaha ko oukou naau i ka 1776, ua hoonohoia oia i Luna hoomalu o ka hoʻokahuli aupuni Komite o Virginia. Ua i ka mea nana prepares i ka hei ana hoʻonā ma ka pono, e like me ka pono me ka hana ana i ka hailonaʻana i loko o ka hooponopono ana o ka hui limahana. Ma ke ala e olelo ana, Dzheyms Medison ua nui ua kaulana ma ka ekalesia koʻikoʻi a hanohano e like me keia kanaka Koi ikaika ma luna o ka piha kaawale ana o ka ekalesia a me ka moku'āina hooponopono mua, a laila, - i ka moku'āina.

Nō hoʻiʻo ia i hana i ke aupuni mua o Virginia, a ua he lâlâ hoʻi koʻikoʻi o ke anaina kanaka mua. Aka, no ka mea, o ka lua o ka manawa ia i ia i koho, akā, i ka 1777 o ka pelekikena wā e hiki mai ka hapa o ke Kiaaina ka Aha. Ka oi pepeiaohao nui Dzheyms Medison? Aupuni a ka lehulehu i loko o kona maka kuai i ka pili aupuni huahelu, ka poe i hana nui no ka ho okumu ana o ka kaiapili-kālai'āina'ōnaehana i koe i loko o ka palapala ana mākou i kēia lā.

Hawaiian Ahaolelo Lahui

Just ekolu makahiki ma hope koho ia no ka mālama 'Lunamakaainana o ka hale moku'āina o ka Hawaiian Ahaolelo Lahui. I ka wā mai ka 1780 a hiki i 1783 makahiki, o ka loaʻeleu hoa, ua hana mai ka hailona no ka mea a pau o ka hui. Ka mea, ua Dzheyms Medison ia mea i ke kumu o ka hoololi lehulehu, a haawi Ahaolelo Lahui ka mana, e ohi i na auhau, mai nā mea a pau Hawaii, e like me ka puunaue ana o ukupanee ma ka aina aie ma luna o lākou, e like me ka helu o ka poʻe e noho ana. Eia hou kekahi, James ikaika koi piha ke kūʻokoʻa o ka hoʻokele ma luna o ka Mississippi River.

Other kālai'āina e piʻi like

No kēia e piʻi like ka mea, i koho Luna hoomalu o ke keena o ka lunakanawai ma Virginia. I ka 1786, ua loaa ia ia ke kānāwai ma luna o piha ku okoa ana o ka hoomana, a ua loaʻa piha kuokoa o ka ekalesia a me ka moku'āina. Ka la mahope iʻaʻole i hoʻohuiʻia Madison kânaka, akā, me ka nui loa kona nāwaliwali Pelekāne keiki i loko o ka opiopio moku'āina.

I ka hookahi makahiki, ua lilo ia i ka "instigator" o ke Kumukanawai Ahaolelo Lahui ma Philadelphia, a hele aku ma laila me kekahi 'elele o ko lākou mau moku'āina. Pili kēia i hana ma muli o ia i ka hana o Madison, a aponoia ka US Kumukanawai i ka 1787, e like me Americans hoomanao i kela makahiki.

Kumukanawai hana

No ka Madison ua loa mālie a me ka maopopo koʻu manao i kanaka, oia ua hiki ia koke loaʻa i ka manao a me ka paulele ana o na mea he nui mp. pâʻani 'He i ke kūlana o ka uwao ma waena o nā conservatives a me nā kākoʻo o ka hou ke aupuni pekelala aupuni, a hiki i ka aina ikaika. Ke keena o ka lunakanawai ua hoʻoholo like paipai ma Virginia James confederal hale kanawai, akā, no ka mea, i loko o nā makahiki 1787-88, ua hana ia ma New York. He palapala iho la i ka moʻo o ka pepa, i kapaʻia no ka hoʻokumu o ka hou kumukānāwai.

Penei, o ka US Kumukānāwai kukulu ai ma 1787 me ka pololei komo ana o ke kanaka akamai a me ka hana mikiʻala i ike pehea e negotiate a "punching" i kona mau manaʻo i loko o ka papa hana i ka mea e lohe ole ai mamua.

Kekahi mau manao ma ke kahua o ke aupuni

kēia mau mea a pau, i kakauinoaia e ka pseudonym "Popelio," i paʻiʻia i loko o kekahi puke me ke kuleana "Ka Federalist", paʻiʻia pono ma mua o ka hana o ka hooiaio ana o ke Kumukanawai. I kēia lā, ua paiia ua ike like me ka "Dzheyms Medison, Federalist memo." Ia mea i loko o kēia hana o Madison no ka manawa mua, e formulate na postulates i mea e manaoia e ia i ke kumu o kēia pluralism.

Nō hoʻi, i ka wā e hiki mai pelekikena koi i ka republican 'ano o ke aupuni, arguing ana ia i ka mana e hana i kekahi moku'āina nui, a dynamically ulu. Mākou ke olelo i keia kanaka o ka US hoomaka i ka moʻolelo i kēia lā ua aʻo aku i loko o 'Amelika kula. Inā ka mea, ua mai ia Madison, e aho,ʻaʻole he kūʻokoʻa moku'āina, a me ke kaiāulu o revolutionaries, i kona mau hana puʻe wale akula kēlā i ka helu a me ka bipi keiki aupuni 'ē aʻe âlapa pôhili i loko o ka International Arena (me ka UK).

Ke ala a hiki i ke Keʻena Pelekikena

I ka 1788, Madison i koho 'ia i ke Komite no ka aponoia mai e Virginia. Kona kākoʻo ike i ka aina urgently nele ia kekahi kanaka: calmness a me ka manaopaa o ka pelekikena wā e hiki mai i urgently e pono e apono i ka kumukānāwai. An nui ma Hawaiʻi o Madison i ka hiki e negotiate. He ua hiki ke hoomaopopo i ka loa ardent mau hoa paio o ke Kumukanawai moku'āina mea i loaʻa i ka inclusion i loko o ka umi-wahi palapala, e hoike mai i ka Bila Kanawai o Rights.

Ma me Honolulu, oia hana i ka mua Republican Party, e hooko i ke kūlana o kaʻaoʻao kū'ē bloc. Honolulu, ka mea koke i Peresidena, mai hoopoina e pili ana i ke kūlana o Madison. He waihona i kona ÷ ino o ka State Kakauolelo, he lāʻau kū ana i hoolilo ia i loko o ka manawa mai ka 1801 a hiki i 1809. Moʻolelo mai i kanalua i James, a ma keia manawa i ka nui hopena ma luna o ka ulu o ka aina, no ka ua mau, kukakuka ae la me ia Honolulu.

Penei, Dzheyms Medison kokua aku i ka manaʻo o ka hanaia'na o ka US palapala o ke aupuni i kapa Kumukanawai repubalika.

He lilo peresidena?

He Ua koho US pelekikena i ka 1808. Prior i keia, i loko o ka Republican Party i paa i kekahi ano o ka "Competition", ke hoʻololi e kōkua i ka holomua o ka loa i olelo mua iaʻi moho. Ironically, i ike e ole i Madison i mālama '-koho waha, a me kona paipai i kākoʻo ma ka aoao. Like me na hoopii, James ua hiki ke negotiate me kekahi mau hoa paio o kona koho, e Hope Pelekikena 60-makahiki-kahiko George Clinton.

Kēia i hana wale nō me kaʻauhau, no ka mea, i kā lākou pololei oihana hooko i ke kanaka mea kāohi i hiki ole. Kela manawa, i ka 1812, ka mea, ua UAIAaIN e Elbridge Gerry, ka poe i hoike mai ia ia iho e like me ka hope-pelekikena me ke akamai 'oihana.

Ke kumu nui ae makaʻu o ka pelekikena hou

I ka 1808, ka Americans i kekahi kumuhana o ke kūkākūkā - walaʻau e pili ana i ka poino i ka mea e hookomo ana i ka oihana embargo mai 1807, ia ia e ka United Kingdom a me kona ukali. Haule iho la ia waiwai hoʻolilo nui waiwai i smuggled ke kumu kā lākou kāki ua me ka nui loa hoemiia. Shipowners i koi urgently e ka hoʻomau i ka halihali, no ka makemake ua mae ole pela, alaila o ka pau amo'ōnaehana i loko o ka papa o ka wale i kekahi mau o ka makahiki. Dzheyms Medison (na kūkulu 'o kona' ano 'okoʻa ke kaupaonaʻana,) i hana nui e kń i ka poino ma ka ulu wahi lulu kalepa a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻokō' ana i ka embargo.

Ma na aoao, i ke aupuni o ka polokalamu o Madison hilinaʻi ma o ka ai-kapaia "aneiai hoʻokele". I ka nui, ka mea manaoio aku ia ia ma ka hihia o ka hiki koa kaua o ke kumu kanawai e ole ālai ia 'aʻe i ke kuokoa hana o ka moku'āina, akā, ma luna o ke kūlana i kā lākou mau hana mai iʻino i ka Central hanau ke aupuni pekelala aupuni. Loa kupaianaha i ka heluia, o Madison i ka Indians, ka mea ana i makemake, a kaumaha aku la ia i kokua, a me ke koi pohō a uku! No ia manawa ka mea maoli i ka Hopu, akā, me ka apono ana o ka hapanui aoao, keia manaʻo ua i loaa.

Ke kākauʻana ma ka mahiai a me ka hanalima? Iecaianoaaiiuo

Madison Honolulu maopopo i kaʻana like & okua ia e pili ana i ka mea kiʻekiʻe loa waiwai o ka mahiai, akā, i aeia i hou? Anoe? Aiey a me ka hoʻoikaika 'ana i o ka Amerika Huipuia e ole e hiki ole ka ikaika hanalima kumu. ʻo ia ka hooulu ana o ka mahiai a me ka hanalima? Iecaianoaaiiuo ua wehewehe aku e aneane pau kona manawa ma ka oihana.

I alakai i ke kaua me ko Beritania?

Ke makemake ia e mau ana, e ae ana i keia no ka pomaikai o ka pelekikena. Penei, ho okumu i ka hou aupuni,ʻo ia i pili paa ana ma kona palapala kuleana, a no ia mea, i loko o keia kino pili kēia komo mediocre man- akia. Ke koe ua paha ia Albert Gallatin, i ke koena o na kahiko 'ole o ke aupuni. ua hiki ke loaa i ka State Keʻena Robert Smith o Maryland, i ka 1811 ua urgently pono e puku James Monroe ma muli o ka hoʻokō 'ia ka hoʻokō' ole, a me ka hiki dementia.

Akā Dzheyms Medison (kālai'āina wale i OAOOUIEeE ka latitu) Ua hōʻike e e loa ai mikiʻala a kuleana luna. Ua i ka mea nana i ka 1810 akea hai i ke anoe o West Hawaii, i mua no i ka Sepania lei. Koke mahope, na kipi i hopu unceremoniously Paniolo ?? eoi? A haʻi maila i ke kukuluia'na o ka repubalika. Ua i loko o 1811 ka pelekikena hai i kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia i ke kuleana i East Hawaii. Ma ka hopena, e hoʻokele e negotiate me ka Spaniards ... akā,ʻaʻole me ka Pelekania, ka mea i loko o nāʻano ālai ia 'aʻe me kēia kaʻina. No ka mea, o ko lākou paakiki i ka kaua, hoomaka ae la.

Akā, i ka mea ia manawa ka pelekikena ua ikaika kaua kū'ē ana i ia e like me ka ulu ana. Dzheyms Medison, i nā kaha puana'ī i kēia lā ua aʻo aku i loko o 'Amelika kula, ma keia manawa aku la i ke kēia: "Of a pau i ka poe enemi o ka lehulehu ke ku okoa ana, ka mea e e oi makau o ke kaua, no ka mea, na ka germ a me ka pua ana o nā mea a pau i ke koena." Eia naʻe, nō i ke kaua.

Ke outbreak o ke kaua

I ka hapalua like-1812, e noho ma ka memo o ka English Kuhina ka kuwaho i loko o ka United States i kona aupuni ua i hele i ka unilaterally ana i ka oihana embargo. I rula, ka mea ia ua i loaʻa, a me ka Napoleon, akā, no ka mea, Americans ke hai aku kaua iʻEulopa mana elua. Akā, akahele nō eo.

Mai oi maopopo o ka make māinoino o Beritania mai, a me ke kaua ma luna o nā fronts, ke keiki moku'āina makemake e akaka ukuhi ai. I kakahiaka kauwela, Dzheyms Medison (nona Kawaihae mākou i ka hua olelo ike) olelo hale kanawai, ka mea e loaʻa, e hai aku i ke kaua ma luna o Beritania, a ... Hoʻoweliweli 'o ia i ke kuʻikahi, a me ka loa ola o ka lāhui' Amelika. Ua Ua ike ia ke kāʻili 'ana i ka' Amelika moku, kidnapping a me ka pepehi kanaka o US poe kanaka, e like me ka mea e hōʻeuʻeu ana o Mauna ohana i hewa malalo iho o ke ao hoohewaia'na. I loko nō o ka hookamaia ana o ka hoakaka ana o ke kaua i ka olelo hooholo i haawi mai ai ia mea,ʻaʻole maʻalahi.

Ua paʻa Ahaolelo Lahui Ahaolelo hope paʻa puka, nā kānaka moʻolelo, a i ole ae reporters, like kūkākūkā pukana uaʻoi aku hoʻoponopono. Mawaena o na lala o ka hale kanawai a me ka noho aupuni ana, ua nui loa ia nei hoa paio o ke kaua i kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka "emi ana o ke kālā, 'oihana koa, ke kaua auhau." I loko nō o kēia, i ka pau ana o June 1812 Peresidena o Madison kauoha aku announces ka hoʻomaka o hostilities e ku e ia Beritania Nui.

he pilikia ka truce

Oddly lawa, koke ka Beritania kūkala i ka wehe ana o kālepa o ka blockade, ma hope a ka US aupuni i manaoia e hoʻolauna i truce. Madison iho koi unconditionally oki iki ka pa hostilities ma ka moana, na luina e trapped a pau ana i ka powa o ka Hawaiian kulanakauhale. Akā, ma ka hope o 1812 ua haʻalele mai ka UK i kēia mau rula, alaila, i ke kaua hoomauia.

Central Hawaii, he mau loa i hauʻoli me ka mākau alu kaua. A no ka mea, i loko o ka hoʻoilo o ka luna o ka oʻui koho hou i hana i ka hookahi makahiki Madison. Akā, i kēia ua hiki ole, eia nae o ka Central Huipuia, o ka pelekikena i ole haawiia mai he hookahi balota. I ka 1814, ma hope o nā makahiki o ke kaua, i ke kulana o ka Americans ua deteriorated hou, e like me ia ma Europe, Napoleon hookuu mai ai ia. ua hiki ke hoolilo i ka hookuu moku, a laila, i ke Kapikala, a White House pau i ke ahi ma ka honua, a me ka Madison, a me ka noho aupuni ana koke hee aku la na Beritania.

Ke kulana, nae, koke e hoʻokele i straighten mai, a ma ua palapala he maluhia Kuikahi i ka 1815. Soon ka peresidena haʻalele, akā, e lawe i kaʻeleu loa i loko o ke kūkulu o ka opiopio aupuni. He aha hou aʻe ua ike Dzheyms Medison? Kālai'āina i mōʻaukala wā i aku la ia ia me he lehulehu huahelu, i hala ke kānāwai ma luna o ka mea noa ka hoʻoponopono-manao paa o ka Negro, a me ka pono o ka hoi ana mai o ka poe a pau no ko ianei manao i Africa. I mea ano: he mau huahelu.