Keʻano papa hana o ka hoʻoulu a me ka pau. Ke 'ole, a me ka mau kānāwai o functioning o ka naehana'ōnaehana

Me ha i kekahi kanaka, aole ia e ola, a me nā minuke ehiku. 'O kēia ka nui loa hana o ke kino,ʻaʻole mākou i ole e kuikawa ana no kona manaʻo. Pehea i keʻano papa hana o ka ulu a me ka pau? He aha nā loko, a nenoai ia ia mea?

kanaka ka hanu

No ka mea ola o mākou e pono ai ka oxygen. Kēia mea he ki hehee ai o ka hanu, a ua hoakaka no ka ikehu pūnao a me ke kino. He loaʻa i loko o ka maʻiʻaʻai i loko o ka gaseous noho pu me ka lewa, hoʻolaha ma ke kino, i ua oxidized a excreted mai i ke kino i loko o ka ia ala.

Keʻano papa hana o ka hanu '- Inhale, Exhale - hana noke. Ka manawa he kanakaʻo ia ma kahi o 14 mau neʻe i na kamalii uuku maoli o ka helu i ka 50. ka hanu o ke kanaka, oia kekahi o na mau keʻano o ka hanaʻana i hiki ke uumi consciously a unconsciously.

A uuku ke kākoʻo 'ana o, e mākou ke hoʻomaʻa kona alapine (frequency) a me ka lōʻihi like' ole, a, ina he pono, a 'aʻole mea hoopaa no kekahi mau kekona. Kēia hiki pono ia i ke kanaka, no ka mea hoike, i ka holo. E hoʻopaʻa i kou hanu no kona lōʻihi, mākou mea e hiki ia, i ka lolo make ole o oxygen no elima i ehiku minuke.

Keʻano papa hana o ka ulu a me ka pau

E noho nei mea i kela aoao a me ka ÷ naehana hanu maomeka. Kekahi hoʻohana i ka holoʻokoʻa ili o ke kino, ka mea 'ē aʻe - i ka halo o mua, na mea e ae i ka malamalama. Ma kānaka, he mea ka na, a mawaho'aʻaʻa pulmonary ka hanu. 'aʻaʻa ho oxygen ma hokii viscera keena.

Pulmonary ka hanu nā ua hana i loko o nā kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao: kinoea, e loaa hou i na alveoli, a laila, me ke koko. Air mai o ka lewa, o oxygen-waiwai, ae ma ka ihu, puʻu, tracheobronchial laau, a loko o ka pulmonary alveoli.

Ka mea, e haawi aku i ka lewa i loko o ke koko, i hāpai ia i nā mea a pau nā loko o nā ipu. Mai ke koko i loko o ka alveoli lewaʻia paʻa kūhohonu loa me ke kalapona'okikene lua, i ua excreted mai ke kino pu me ka exhalation.

inspiratory a expiratoryʻano papa hana hoʻolako hoʻokomo ea o ka alveoli. He lawe mai ia me ke kōkua o ke naehana nāʻiʻo, a Hoʻonui i ka pono o ka pahu, hiki oe i ka mea hōʻike degere ma ka maʻiʻaʻai mai i 7 nā lika o ka lewa no minuke. Ke hua mai ma ka hooulu ana i ka iwi aoao (IeAUPIIe, IAa IO wahine) paha no a hiki i ka flattening o ka diaphragm (no na kanaka e like me i hoʻokō ').

Luna naehana'āpana

Ke kumukuai o ka naehana'ōnaehana i ka ia ole, i kela mea keia mea o lakou i kona mau kuleana pili i. kanaka naehana'ōnaehana ka loaʻa o ka luna, a malalo naehana'āpana, a me ka ÷ naehana hanu nenoaia iho. Ka luna alanui poe nasal lua, nasopharynx, oropharynx, a me ka moʻolelo lua mahele.

Ua uhi ia ka loko lilo o ka nasal lua me ka lauoho a me ka mucosa. Ua hana Kānana, nona ka papa kuhikuhiE hana - e pale aku lepo, ka lepo a me ka koʻohune i loko o ka meaola. Eia ka lewa ua mehana a me humidified.

Mau auwai a nostril lua ua pili i ka nasopharynx. Ua, ma ka huli, ua pili i ka Eustachian Tube, mea kuleana no ka'aloʻahiʻa uku.

Ke oropharynx ma naehana hanu a me ka alimentary mau kuamoʻo. Ua mea i kaupalena 'ia ka hope a me kaʻaoʻao paia o ku una ha i ka lua a me ka mea kuleana i mōakāka ka puana. Ia ai ana a me ka olelo ana palupalu kīleo pii, hikiʻole i ka ingress o ka lewa a me ka ai i loko o ka nasopharynx.

Lower naehana'āpana

Ke pharynx hāpai i ka lewa i ka larynx. Ka mea, ua mai o kona hoʻomaka 'ma ka lalo Air. Larynx hana hui kaulua a me ka unpaired cartilages pili pu ma ligaments a me nāʻiʻo. Muscle contraction loli aʻeʻOkina shape a me ka hoʻopilikia kaula, ai mea kani-i ua loaʻa.

Ke larynx Ua pili me ka şarkı i ke 15 kenimika ma ka lōʻihi - ka trachea. Kona hope mahae, haliu ae la ia i loko o ka bronchi. O ka papa kuhikuhi hana o ka trachea mea, e hele aku ke ea i loko o ka maʻiʻaʻai a me ka hope. He hoʻoneʻe, a ua haku o ka cartilage, no laila, ea kahe ana ma ia ma kekahi ana e haʻalele i'ā'ī.

Nā bronchi i hui kaulua nā loko, a komo i ka ia maʻiʻaʻai. Haʻalele thinner bronchus akau, ma ka lima akau o oi hoʻopapakū. Ka mea, i hana cartilaginous apo, a laumania Muscle, mucosa loko kapa komo iā ia.

Kēlā me kēia no ia i ka lālā - i loko o ka akau he umikumamakahi o lakou, i ka umi hema. Lymph aka wahi ma ramifications hoololiia akemāmā lymph'aʻaʻa, ua hoolilo ke koko ma bronchial arteries mai ka thoracic aorta.

ia maʻiʻaʻai

Light ua kekahi manawa, haawiia i like me ka lalo naehana'āpana. Ka mea, i ke aupuni 'o ka pahu lua me ka hema a me ka pololeiʻaoʻao o ka naʻau, a me kā lākou mau kumu, ua aia ma luna o ka diaphragm. Waho, he malamalama ka penaʻana o ka pleura a me ka pleural eke. Ma waena o ia mea he lubricant loli i ua ālai 'kū'ē.

ʻO ia maʻiʻaʻai i haku no kekahi mau Hoʻohana (o ekolu akau, haʻalele no ka mau), a i maheleia i loko o umi liʻiliʻi lobes. Loko i ke aupuni 'na bronchi, a ma ka huli e māheleʻia i loko o liʻiliʻi bronchioles, acini, a pau me ka alveolar sacs.

Baggies i lehulehu alveoli - spherical hoʻonaʻauao, Hilo capillaries. Ma nā mākua, i ka helu mea ma kahi o 700 miliona. Ka mea, e kuleana no ka kinoea mail.

Mai kēia mau moku koko lako oxygen ma-waiwai lewa. Koko kolo ana ma ka arteries 'ana i ka naʻau, a me ka hohola ai i nā mea a pau nā'aʻaʻa a me nā loko ma ke alanui. I hoʻi, e hāʻawi aku lākou i ke koko, paʻa kūhohonu loa me ke kalapona'okikene lua, a ma na aa koko hoʻi i nā alveoli, e kiʻi ma ka maʻiʻaʻai, bronchi, trachea, pharynx hoʻi i loko o ka lewa.

ha hoʻokō '

Keʻano papa hana o ka inhalation a me ka exhalation ua noho mana ana ma ka piko waena o ka hope, a me ka medulla oblongata. Receptors e hooponopono i ke kaʻina hana o ka hanu 'ana, Aia ma luna o nā paia o ka bronchi. Air ana ua kekahi hana ma ke koena unuhi i loko o ka puʻuwai: i ka hoʻoulu manaʻo o lalo ka lewa, a ma exhalation - Hope versa.

Light hiki e hala i ka 5000, ka pono o ka lewa i inhalation a me ka exhalation. Akā, me ka maʻamau hanu ka leo ia mea a pau 500 wale nō ka pono. I kā mākou hanu i e ka hola 2500 ml.

Man ua ole loa Exhale a pau o ka lewa. Part no ka mea, ua paa ia ma ka alveoli, a me ka lākiō o ka o oxygen i ke kalapona'okikene lua hahai ma hope o ka ia kiʻekiʻe. Kēia ooieoeiiaeuiia koena nona iho o na ia maʻiʻaʻai.

Ma ke kaʻina hana o ka hanu nā kŰia okoa Muscle pūʻulu, ke kaumaha ma muli o ka hana a ke kanaka. Puka komo i loko o kekahi kime pāʻani aʻo a physical exertion, ka wā i hoka ai abdominal māhele 'āina. I ka mea ai nui a Mānoa intercostal nāʻiʻo.