Ke kaua o Gaugamela. Aleksandr Makedonsky a me Dariu: Kaua o Gaugamela

Ke kaua o Gaugamela i wahi i ka 331 BC. e ka. Ka mea, ua i ka hope kaua ma waena o ka poe koa o ke alii o Peresia Dariu III a me Aleksandra Makedonskogo. Ke kaua i wahi me ka nui superiority o ka Peresia. Aia he mau haneri tausani kanaka, a me ka mea, kaua aku la na umi o na tausani o ka poe koa o ka Helene-Teselonike i poe koa. I ka hoʻomaka o ka confrontation Parmenion - i ka luna o ka poe koa i kela kapa o ka Nui - ua waiho wale aku no i ka loa nui pohō. Alexander i kauoha mai ai i ka pūhaka akau, a i ka hoopunipuni, a ihola ia unexpectedʻoihana kaʻa. Kēia i alakai ai i ka hilahila o ka Peresia ke aliʻi, a me ka ia i haʻalele i nā kahua kaua. E like me ka hopena, i ka Makedonia poe koa lanakila. He aha maoli 'ia? A i ke kaua, hele ia, i ua ole hoopoina, a me keia la?

Aleksandr Makedonsky

Famous koa alakaʻi noho i loko o 356-323 makahiki BC. Ka naʻi Aleksandra Makedonskogo lilo kekahi o nā hanana nui loa i loko o ka mōʻaukala o na kanaka a pau. Ma ia mau haku `ia moʻolelo a me nā kaao, Film, a kākau 'epekema ia hoʻi. Alexander i ka luna o ko Makedonia a me ka hoʻokumu o ka Hellenistic honua moku'āina. Nui i ke keiki a ke alii, Philip II a me ke kaikamahine o ka mō'ī Molosser 'Olumepika. A keiki i lawe mai ai i loko o ka aristocratic naau:ʻo ia i aʻo makemakika, kākau, e pāʻani ana i ka lyre. Kona kumu ua Aristotle ia ia iho. Ka hoʻoponopono, a me kaʻoihana ano, ia manawa i loko o kona wa opiopio Alexander i. E like me ka wā e hiki mai luna ke kaena o ka hiki ole physical ikaika, a me ka mea ia ia ua hiki ke tame Bucephalus - lio, a i ole hua mai i kekahi o ka aʻo.

Eia nō kekahi pepeiaohao nui lā ma ka mōʻaukala, a hoonani aku la lakou i ke Teselonike i ke aliʻi:

• e hoomaka ana mai o Augate 338 BC. e ka. - 16-makahiki-kahiko koa aliʻi i luku mai i nā Helene poe koa;
• Lele 335 BC. e ka. - he kai eʻe i lawe mai ka lanakila ma luna o Alexander mauna Thracians, Illyrians a me ka triballi;
• hooilo 334-333 makahiki BC. e ka. Teselonike e hoʻokele i ka lanakila Pamepulia, a Lukia.

Akā, ka mea, 'o nō i ka mea a pau papa inoa o ka lanakila o ka alihi kaua nui hoi.

ka lanakila

A pau na ka hana naʻi aupuni o Alexander ke Great ka olelo lealea, e hōʻike ana i kekahi mau'ōlelo, pēlā, akā, kekahi mea nō ke kumukuai i hoike ia. Noho i ka makahiki 335 BC. e ka. Alexander i hai mai ia ia iho i alii, oia subordinated i kona makemake ka poe i aa e kipi aku ia ia: i kēia mau poʻe kaua ma ka'ākau hapa o Makedonia. He pū Hahau Illyrians, a hooauhee aku la ia lakou i ka Danube.

A laila, Ua uhi pūʻia ka mākaukau uprising o na Helene i ka Nui. He luku Thebes, a i ole hookoe i ka ikaika Athens. Hope koke, a me kona poe nui koa o ke alii o ka Peresia luku aku i ka poe koa, a pela i kona makemake ma Asia Minor. A lā i loko o ka mōʻaukala hōʻike 'ana i Alexander i pinepine ae la oia i kaua aku ai me Dariu III, a lanakila ma luna o ia. No ka mea manawa mua ia i hiki mai ai i loko o 333 BC. e ka. A laila, e holo i ka Taurus, ma Issus kaua i wahi ma waena o ka poʻe hao wale o ka nui pūkaua elua. Akā, ua lanakila 'ka Nui, ke Peresia alii puʻe wale akula kēlā, e holo aku i Babulona.

E moe lula Alexander kaumaha kekahi maluhia hua'ōlelo. Akā,ʻaʻole ia iʻae aku iā lākou. He hoʻoholo ihola e lanakila i ka aina, aia ma ka hikina mokuna o ke Kaiwaenahonua kai. I huli ai oe i ka Great hoopau ia Illyria, laila Palesetina, a laila Aigupita. Ma ka aina o pyramids kukulu ia i Alexandria. A laila ua i ka hoʻoili kaua o Gaugamela.

Kumu no ke kaua

E like me ka mea heluhelu, ua ike, i kēia mau hanana i wahi i ka 331 BC. e ka. No kekahi mau o ka makahiki mua o Dariu III ana ua hee o mua o kona hoa paio. A laila, i ka Peresia i makemake ai e malu ai, a mōhai akula i 10,000 na talena o Macedon like me ka uku no kā lākou mau pio ohana. Eia kekahi, ke Peresia ke alii o Dariu ua makaukau, e uku no i kana kaikamahine ia Alexandra satire. Kona uku aku ai, Ua ea ae ka hana i wahi e noho ai, mai ka Hellespont, a mai a hiki i ka Euperate. No hoi, o Dariu III ua makaukau no oia i kuikahi, a me ka maluhia me kou enemi.

He aha i kaumaha aku i ka Peresia, ua incredibly nui no Alexander, no laila ia i kūkākūkā i kēia mea me kona allies. Kekahi o ka pili o Macedon, Parmenion, i mai la ia e lawe i na rula, i ma ke kahua o Alexander. Akā,ʻaʻole i loko o ka mau kaila ua ia e alakaiia'ku e kekahi mea'ē aʻe. No ia mea, i mai la ia ia e kekahiʻae i ka manaʻo, ina ia i ka manawa kūpono e ia ma ka wahi Parmenion. Akā, e like me ia i - Aleksandr Veliky, a i kekahi, aole hoi no ke oki ai-ke ahi e e hele.

Dariu i hoouna aku ai i ka AYEIE palapala, i olelo ia ole kekahi i nā kānaka apau, e kauoha aku i ka alihi kaua nui hoi. A me ke kaikamahine o ka Peresia wahine makemake ia i ka Nui wale ina ka hope ia iho no laila, e makemake ai, no ka mea, ka mea a pau ohana o kaʻenemi i loko o kona mana. Alexander i kākau i ina Dariu makemake ka malu, a laila, e hele mai ia i kona haku i kona kumuhana. Ma hope o ia i ka memo, hoomaka ae la o Dariu III, e hoomakaukau no ka mea maoli kaua.

koa mau hoa paio

Kaua Aleksandra Makedonskogo i mau i koko, a lawe mai i kekahi wahi lihi iki o ka poho mau hoa paio. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, i ka Makedonia poe koa ua lehulehu. I makaukau no ke kaua ana o Gaugamela, e helu 40 tausani infantry a me nā hoʻoholo lioʻehiku tausani. Akā, me ka Peresia, ua superiority i loko o ka huina koʻikoʻi. Naʻe, ka mea, aole ia e leʻa hoʻi i ka Nui, i ka hapanui o ka poe kaua o ke alii o lakou o ka maikaʻi-i hoomakaukauia ka poe koa a me ka hoao ana. Dariu III koa helu 250 tausani. People, mawaena a he 30 tausani. Mercenaries mai Greece a me 12 tausani. Baktriansʻelemakule ma luna o ka lio.

E like me mākou i hele ai i ka o Euperate

Ke kaua o Gaugamela hoomaka me ka mea e, ma hope o hele o ka Suria, ka Makedonia poe koa i hele mai i ka Euperate. Na Peresia poʻe kaua ua, e hoomalu aku i ka i kela kapa. Akā, me ka Peresia nalowale i ka wa a lakou i ike ai i ka papa kuhikuhiE koa o ko lākou mau hoa paio. Nolaila, Alexander e hoʻokele i hiki wawe ka lanakila i ka o Euperate, a hoʻomau i ka hele aku i ka hikina. Dariu i i ole i ka Nui. He, a me kona poe kaua o ka poʻeʻenemi a pau e kali ana ma ka papu, i ka pono hoʻomākaukau no ke kuhikuhi i ka hana ana o ka poe koa, a me ke pio o ka Macedonians. Ka uuku kulanakauhale o Gaugamela i ke aupuni 'kekahi puka a hiki i keia kula.

Kika, a hou i ka poe kaua o Dariu

Ma September, hele aku la ia a hiki i ka muliwai Tigris Aleksandr Makedonsky (kaua o Gaugamela, kekahi o kona poe he nui hoʻomanaʻo, ua pono a puni ke kihi). Na pio, ka mea i Haiʻina mai mua, i mai la ia Dariu, e pale aku i ka i kela kapa o ka Macedonians ma keia? Aieeeua. Akā, ma hope o ka Nui hoomaka ae la e kela kapa o ka muliwai, uaʻaʻohe kekahi ma ke ku pono pali. e hoomakaukau ana no ka hoouka i loko o kekahi o ka poʻe Peresia i.

Ia manawa, i hou poʻe hao wale o Dariu III, a maemae i ko lakou mau mea kaua. No laila, i ka Hub, a me ka drawbar kaʻa ka mea, apo la i kekahi kihi hookala au i. Ua Ua ea ae ka hana i kēia mau huahelu e i nui o ka pōʻino ma luna o kaʻenemi kaua. i lilo nui ikaika infantry mea kaua.

Ke kaua, hoomaka ae la

Ka akau pūhaka o ka Great ua pono, obliquely i ke alo o ka papa kuhikuhiE laina. Dariu i kona mau hema'ēheu a puni ka pūhaka akau o kaʻenemi. Ka lio a holo lokahi e hooko ia. Alexander i kauoha i kekahi Greek lio, e pepehi, akā, ua ole i kona poe kanaka. Akā, o Dariu i na manao i ole hoʻomaopopo.

Alexander eo

Ke kaua o Gaugamela ua wela. Ultimately Holo aku la o Dariu III me ka poe koa kahua kaua e like nashkodivshy popoki. I loko nō o kona mau ole lehulehu Teselonike i koa ka mea, ua hiki i ka lanakila no ka mea, o kona manao a me ka akahele. Kēia kaua ia i ka hopena o ka Peresia aupuni a pau a me kona alii i make ma kona mau allies He kokekau wale. Aleksandr Makedonsky, ma hope o ia he nui kaua i lanakila nui lanakila, a ua hoʻonuiʻia aku ona mea,ʻaʻole he mana.