Ke ola kalapona o mosses: ke kaʻina o nāʻanuʻu,

I mea e noho hou hakahaka, kahiko mea kanu i i ke hakuloli i ka loa hou ola ana. No ka laʻana, paʻa poino o ka ona mau ma ke omoāea hoʻolaha hanana aiiay mahuahua, ahu iho. I ka nele o ke kākoʻo i loko o ka lewa, i ka Akä naÿe, e ka wai, kena ae la i ke kahua o ka lawaʻoʻoleʻa kino, e hoʻololi i ka loina o ke kanu ka hanu, ke kinoea pānaʻi. Ua lilo ka mahana a me biochemical rula loa okoa, a me nā mea kanu i ana hakuloli ia ia. ke ola kalapona o mosses E hoomanao i keia 'atikala.

He aha ka limu?

Mosses - he pūʻulu o kahiko meaola. E like me kekahi nā mea mahuʻi, ka mea, he poʻe kūpuna o ka a ianoiyuaa a? Ueony ano honua kahi mea kanu. Ka wai ma luna o mākou Honua - i ke kumu o ke ola, i originated nā mea a pau e ola ana, me mea kanu. About 420 miliona makahiki aku nei i nā mamo o ka launahele līoho hoomaka ae la e makaikai i ka aina.

Ua loa okoa maomeka na manao maalea hiki ke Hahai I mai i ka limu. No ka laʻana, ka mea nui ana no ka holomua? Aneii o ka līoho o ke alo o ka wai. Mosses i hiki ke paʻi wale ma ka mea o ka ona mau.

Ke ola kalapona o mosses ka loa hana hoihoi. O ka holoʻokoʻa pūʻulu o kiekie ae kanu ka mea,ʻo ka loa primitive meaola. Bryophyta ole e halii mai i ka limu 'ohana - he multicellular mea kanu,ʻaneʻane devoid o ka lawelawe lole. No laila, o ka nui o kēia mau meaola, ua uuku loa - mai 1 mm o ke 50 knm i ka limuʻAʻohe aa, ka mea e pili ana i ka ili o ka honua threadlike appendages, rhizoids, a me nā mea kanu omoʻia wai .. Rhizoids komo kekahi manawa o ka hoʻokahi halepaahao. Akä naÿe i na aa o nā mea kanu i i multicellular lawelawe lole. Other māhele o ka limu kino hiki ke'ōlelo koʻikoʻi akula hoakaka me ke kumu a me na lau. Eia naʻe, ka mea e nae i kokoke like me ka kumu a me nā lau o nā mea kanu ma ka Honua i loko o kona 'ole.

Where e halawai?

Mosses i ana hakuloli i ke ola i loko o ka likeʻole ma o ke ana wela a me ka climatic kūpono, a loaʻa aneane a pau ma luna o ka Honua, mai ka Polar wahi i na koaʻe ke. Ka mea, e pono nei i loko o kumu o ka kiʻekiʻe humidity - i loko o na ululaau, i ka mauna. Aia nō i ka limu a me ka maloo like. Ola mossy e pepehi iho at - ka mea hiki ke hoole aku i ke kiʻekiʻe loa me ka mahana, mai ka 70 kekelē Kelekia. I ka maloo ka huliau i hakuloli mosses e hāʻule i loko o ka moku'āina o ka wehe 'ka pāpaho pili me ka naciiiuo aniau fluctuations. I ka ua ma a me ka lewa mahana ua kuu iho la, o ka lepo ua huakaʻi o, a me ka limu "ola", nā'ōlelo kalapona huli no. E noonoo i ka waiwai o ka hoopapa i loko o ke ola kalapona o mosses.

Ke ola ana o ka mosses

Ka limu ulu pono ma wahi me ka nele o ka lń, no ka laʻana i loko o nā ana, na mawae a me nā kōā o ka pōhaku, e lawe kela mau? Aneie niches i hiki i kahi o ke ola ana nā mea kanu.

Ka mea wale nō kahi limu hiki ole nei - ia mea Saline soils kokoke i ke kai.

Unusually Hardy a spores o mosses. A me ka makani ka mea, ke hele nui mamao. Ke viability o spores koe no ka makahiki.

Mosses loaa paa me ke koe o ka ona, no laila, hoʻohana 'ia o ka rula o ka wai koena o ka panorama. No laila, no ka mea, o ka ke kaiaola ka limu ka'āina nui. Eia hou kekahi, no kekahi laha ', ka limu mea he nui ka ai kahi.

Ma o ka honua i keia la, ma laila nō ma kahi o 30,000? Ueo o mosses. ʻepekema classify kēia mau mea kanu ma ka morphology, me nā hale a me nā hakakā o spore capsules hohola spores.

Mosses ke paʻi nā ma spores a vegetatively. Ke ola kalapona o mosses ua Kīwala'ō e moe ma asexual hanauna.

Deciduous mosses a briopsidy

He Heʻano nui ka papa o ka mea kanu, i ua poe e 15 tausani? Ueo o mosses. Ka mea, ua mākaukau like i ka nānā aku, ka nui a me ka shape. Kēia mea kanu mea he ōhāhā uhiia lau i i ka hooponopono ia spirally a puni ke kumu. Ka loa nui kahua o lākou? Acaeoey ua kapaia ka gametophyte. Ano O? Aneii leafy mosses - spores. Loa pinepine, i loaʻa kēia mau mea kanu i ka pulu ka wahi, Swamp a me tundra. Kukushkin olonā, a me ka peat ka limu - e typical laʻelaʻe 'ia briopsidov.

hepatic mosses

Liverworts poe e mau subclasses: jungermanniales a me marshantsievye. Kēia mau mea kanu 'ē aʻe nui - 8500? Ueo. Just makemake hardwood ka limu gametophyte - ka kiʻekiʻe loa kahua o ko lākou viability. Ke kanu iho o ka manoanoa kumu me ka lau, a i aia ma ke kumu. I ka papa hana o nā'ōlelo - hoopaapaa a i puunaue ma ke kūikawā mea, heʻano o ka "wai", i ua kapaia elaters. Kēia mau mea kanu e pono ka ma humid Tropical a me ka pakiko oe aniau i loko nō. I waena o ka poeikohoia - marchantia polymorphic, ptilidium ciliated, blefarostroma volosolistnaya, a me na mea e ae.

Antotserotovye mosses

Kēia papa mea ole no laila, he nui, a me ka mea, ua poe e 300? Ueo o nā mea kanu. Sporophyte - i ka nui loa ke kahua ma ka ola kalapona o ka mea kanu. E nana antotserotovye mosses e like thallus - he kino i ua ole uhaʻiʻia mai i loko o kona aa, kumu a me na lau. Ulu mau mosses ma humid Tropical ka ululāʻau a me ka pakiko oe cii. Antotseros - he typical Luna o keia papa.

KUKUSHKINA olonā ola kalapona e e ho'ākāka 'ia ma lalo nei. Ka limu Kukushkin olonā - mea he perennial laau. Kona kanu'ōiwi nā mea he pono-ulu 'ole. Ke iniiaiie papamoe kumu o ka mea eleele lau, a me ka haumāna ōhāhā, e ku pololei, ai manamana ai hookahi.

Ua uhi ia ka haumāna kumu me ka pouli'ōmaʻomaʻo kalakala, e like ke kui, leaflets. Mau anei i ke kau i kekahi kiekie o 10-15 knm i 40 knm, ka haʻahaʻa lau i flakes. I ka mea kanu i ka primitive lawelawe'ōnaehana i mea hiki ke neʻe ka wai, a me nā minelala hao i ka lau ma ke kumu. Kona rhizoids ke kau i ka lōʻihi o ka aneane 40 knm.

wahi o ka ulu ana o ka limu Kukushkin olonā

Kukushkin ke olona i kupu ma ka hopena i IeAUPIIe, IAa IO pono iloko o ke kuaua wahi, Swamp, pulu ke kula mauʻu a me spruce ululaau, aloha i ka lā wela. Ma hamama wahi ka mea, ua ulu nui ikaika, hoʻopio aku i nā mea a pau i ka hou ?? eoi?. Kona kumu i ai pilipaa "wahī" ka lepo i ka anoano o nā mea kanu ulu ole. Kēia mea kanu ua hoʻomāka ma ka akua aku la o ka nahele a me conflagration. Kēia ka limu Ua mākaukau pono absorbs wai. Pa apŘ o nā mea kanu i hoopaa mai ai ona mau i loko o ka lepo. Manawa a hiki i keia he mea wai kālai lāʻauʻana mau mea.

People Ua lōʻihi hoʻohana i kēia mea kanu e like me ka iaia? Aaaoaeuiuo. Caulk me ke kōkua o ka pa o ka log hale. I kekahi manawa, hoʻohana 'ia me ka lāʻau lapaʻau uliuli no ke anu.

Kukushkin olonā ua komo i loko o ke kahua o ka peat. Kēia mea he waiwai mea hoʻomomona, he maikai io maka mea no ka Nine Inch oihana puolo.

Ke ola kalapona o mosses Kukushkin Len

Ka limu Kukushkin ke olona i - he dioecious laau. O kŰia, i ka wa a ke kanaka anei i o kekahi mea kanu i hana ku pono ana i ke keka nā loko - kane a me ka wahine.

Kukushkin olona? Ac? Ma ka alternation o nā hanauna - asexual a me ka moe. Sporophyte - he limu ola kalapona, kūpono ma ka asexual aeea ho okumu. Ka mea, iloko o ka diploid 'ia paha o nā chromosomes. Gametophyte - kekahi ola kalapona o ka hookahi mea kanu, a culminates i loko o ke kahua o gametes, germ aeee i pihaʻi wale he hookahi kau o chromosomes - haploid.

Ano, I maopopo ke kumu i loko o ke ola kalapona o mosses ua Kīwala'ō e moe ma asexual hanauna.

Pahu me ka hoopaapaa, e like me na kanaka, e like me ka cuckoo e noho ana ma luna o ka laau. I mau helehelena ka limu Kukushkin ke olona i kohu i ka'āhihi kanu olonā, mai i ka mea loaʻa kona inoa. Lahilahi lauoho ma luna o ka chap, uhi i ka pahu a me na hoopaapaa, i kekahi like i nā huakaʻi.

Pahu iho oia no kekahi mau māhele - urnochku, he'ā'ī a me ka chap. Loko o ia mea he uuku kia ao. Ua pono, he sterile keena, i ka hopena ma ka ho'ēmiʻana mahele haploid spores oʻo. Urnochka apo welau. Ma hope o ka pau ana o ka oo ana kaʻina mea he apo o ka makani urnochku hoopuni hoʻokaʻawale, mai ka kumu a me ka chap. Hoopaapaa haule ma ka lepo, a me ke kanu mea he nui ola kalapona huli hou.

Ka limu ola kalapona ke kahua

Asexual spores i ka "maturation" i haploid spores (i loaʻa ka hapalua o ka lākou o nā chromosomes) like me ka hopena o kaʻauhau'ēʻaʻe, ka ho'ēmiʻana mahele.

A hiki aku i ka lepo loaʻa wai haploid spores, laila, e hoʻomaka e kupu, ho okumu i ka proton - filamentous predrostok. Mai ka mea i hana gametophyte - kane paha, he wahine.

Ma ka piko o kekahi kumu, gametophytes Kukushkin olonā, a me ka hoʻomōhala antheridia archegonium - kane a me ka wahine ke keka nā loko. I archegonium oʻo hua manu, a me ka antheridium - biflagellate sperm. Externally kane mea kanu i nui lau yellowish-eleele ma luna. I ka wahine mea kanu i na lau ma kahi e.

No ka holomua fertilization koi 'ia ona mau droplets mea i hoololiia mai ka spermatozoa e antheridium archegonia kahi hua ke aupuni'. Kēia kaʻina hana nō kāu paipai 'ia ka ikaika ka ua a me ka hau.

E like me ka hopena o ka hoʻokuʻi pū o ka sperm a me ka hua ma luna o ka wahine mea kanuʻano he diploid zygote. Mai ka mea ulu o ka hou hanauna o keia mea kanu, ka sporophyte paha sporogonia. A ka mea, ho sporangium-pahu ma i oo spores.

Mākou nānā 'i ke kaʻina o nā kapuwaʻi o ka ola kalapona o ka limu.

Ka 'ole o ka limu Kukushkin olonā

mosses kino 'ole i' ano like me ka līoho, like no hoi oia o ka thallus. Naʻe, ka mea e i ka 'ole ua like no me na kumu a me na lau. No ka lepo ua pili ma ka mea o rhizoids. Kēia mau mea kanu e hiki ke Komo 'o ia i ka wai a me nā minelala hao rhizoids ole wale' ana, akā, i kino a pau.

Value ka limu i loko o ke ano maoli

I mau, mosses - he pilikia ke keʻena o ka? Aneeo oihana o ko mākou Honua. Ke ola kalapona o mosses ua wehewehe aku ma ka pōʻaiapuni o ka mea kanu kiekie 'ē aʻe. Ka mea, ola mahope pono ma ilihune lepo ka mahuaola. Noho ma kēia mau wahi i i undergone adverse kanaka ciia. Pela no ka hoomakaukau ana i ka lepo no ka hoihoi hou ana. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, otmiraya ka limu 'ano apau loa he pono keia mau mea lepo kūpapakū, a e a laila ulu nā mea kanu.

Mosses - i nā hoailona o? Aneie haumia ea, i ka pau o ka lewa. No ka mea, i kekahi mau laha 'o ka limu e ulu ana ma wahi a pau o ka lewa ua oi ka lehulehu o ka sulfur dioxide i. Ma ka wa e kaawale aku i loko o ka hana kuʻuna habitats o kekahi laha 'o ka limu hiki e hookolokoloiaʻi e au, ma ka lewa haumia ea. Eia naʻe, e like me mosses hōʻike loli ma soils, a mea 'ē aʻe.

Mosses mālama i ka meaʻai koena ma ka permafrost wahi, e huna i ka honua, mai ka la mau kukuna. Pela wale no,? Aneeo koena.

Ano, ina oe i noi: "E wehewehe i ke ola kalapona o ka limu," laila, e hiki wawe ka hana ia.