Ke resignation o Khrushchev. Iloko o ka noho alii ana o na kumu i ka resignation o Nikity Sergeevicha Hruschova

Ke kia-kaua pili aupuni ke ola i loko o ka USSR ka hale lio. I kekahi mea a hiki i ka 1991, au ua like pohihihi keia. People e koke hele a maʻa i ka ka pukaʻana moku'āina o ka noho ana, kona maikai 'elele paha lawe kiʻi o ka hou alakaʻi ma Red Square i May a me November nā hōʻike, a me ka poe mea, uaʻoi aku ka pono, akā, hewa, i ka mea ia manawa me ia e hana i ka mea i loko o nā kūlanakauhale, Apana-oaio? A, a me na kauhale a me nā kauhale. Hewa a make aoao a me ka noho aupuni ana bosses (koe Lenin) poina kokoke koke, i Ka Honua Nei e pili ana ia oki kākau. Poʻokelaʻimi naʻauao hana i ole aʻo i loko o nā kula, koleke, a me nā kulanui - i auou caiaiai ia e ka mea hou nui secretaries o ka buke, no ka ia ka maʻiʻo. An koe ua N. S. Hruschev - he politician, hookahuli ae la i Stalin ka mana i mea e lawe i kona wahi i loko o ka naau a me ka uhane.

kekahi hanana hihia

Ua maoli ua i koe a hiki i ka aoao luna a pau,ʻaʻole wale nō ma mua akā, kekahi ma hope ona. Koko ole, a me ka noho malie resignation o Khrushchev, me costing ka hōʻuluʻulu hoʻolewa a me na hoike ana mai i wahi kokoke koke, a nana aku la e like me ka pono-hoomakaukau i paʻapū ai. Ma ka hoohalike, ua i laila, akā, ma nā ana hoʻohālike o o ka Palapala Party, i malama i ka pono a me ka pono kūmau. Ia a pau i hiki mai aiʻano loa, albeit me he hoaponoia admixture centralism. Hoakoakoa ae la ka halawai plenum ana no ka hana o ka hoa, ua hoahewa kekahi o kona hewa, aʻae maila ma luna o ka pono no ka hope o ia mea, ma ka helm. E like me i kākau i loko o nā minuke laila, "- kane manaopaa, Listen." O ka papa, i loko o ka Soviet realities o keia hihia ka mea, ua kū hoʻokahi, e like me kona Khrushchev au me na hana mana a pau iloko o kona a me ka hewa. A pau mamua, a mahope mau secretaries ikaika akuʻoe i lawe i ka Kremlin necropolis - he wahi o ko lākou hope e oʻioʻi - ma pu kaa, koe Gorbachev, o ka papa. Mua, no ka mea, Gorbachev a me ka manawa e ola ana, a me ka lua, he wahi ia i haʻalele no ka mea, o ka mea kuka ole, a me ka pili ana me ka abolition o kana oihana e like me ia. A me ke kolu, i kekahi mea, Nikita Sergeyevich, ua like. Kekahi hanana hihia, akā, i kēia mea,ʻaʻole e pili ana ia ia.

Ka mua ho'āʻo

Ke resignation o Khrushchev, i mai ai i loko o October 1964, ua ma kekahi ano i ka lua o ka hoao. ʻaneʻaneʻehiku makahiki ma mua o kēia momentous hanana no ke aupuni o ka ekolu-lālā Presidium o ka Central Komite, i kapaʻia ma kaawale "Anati-Party hui", o Kaganovich, Molotov a me Malenkov, hoʻoili i nā kaʻina hana o ka wehe 'ia, mai ka mana o ke kakauolelo mua. Inā mākou e noonoo i ka mea he mau eha (e kiʻi mai o ke kulana, kekahi poe kipi, Shepilova, hai mai la i ka "poe hui"), a laila,ʻo ia a pau i wahi e like me ka aoaoʻo Samuel. Au i ka hoʻohana 'ole-maʻamau ana. Nā lālā o ka Central Komite urgently lawe mai i Moscow no ka plenum mai ma ka aina ma ka oihana koa mokulele, ka hoʻohana 'ana i kekahi kiʻekiʻe-ka māmā holo interceptor MiG (iniiaiie kanaka aʻo "Sparky" UTI) a me Bombers. Invaluable kōkua ua Pale Kaua Kuhina G. K. Zhukov (me Khrushchev ka resignation makemake lawe wahi i ka 1957). "Stalin ka poʻe kiaʻi," Ua ua neutralized: lākou mua kipaku mai ka Presidium o ka Central Komite, a laila, e like me ka 1962 a me ka loa kipaku mai ka Party. A ua hiki ke pana e like me ka L. P. Beriyu, akā, i ka mea e hiki mai ai.

elue

Khrushchev i ka 1964 i ka pomaikai ole wale no o ka luawai-mākaukau 'ana, akā, no hoi, no ka mea, mea māʻona i aneane pau loa. Kuleana i ma luna o 'Okakopa hōʻike weheana Ahaolelo, no nā mea a pau i ko lakou aoao-lobbying pāʻewaʻewa hiki ole ke noʻonoʻo pono kaulikeʻole. Ma aneane pau strategically nui mau mea o nā kālai'āina a me ka 'aoʻao hoʻokele waiwai i ikeia nalu ole. Ka noho maikaʻiʻana o ka hana nā paʻi hua deteriorated, wiwo hoʻokolohua ma ke kahua o ka pale alakai aku i ka hapa-ola ana o ka poe koa, a me ka moku, aina ua mae wale, e lilo ana "he millionaire ma ka mea ku ole," kūwaho hoʻi prestige haule iho la. Ke kumu no ka resignation o Khrushchev he nui, a ua lilo inevitable. People oluolu i ka loli o ka mana me ka noho malie GLEE abbreviated luna gleefully anaanai i ko lakou mau lima, Artists ka poe i loaa laureate icons ma ka Stalin au, aloha i ka hōʻike o ka aoao aupuni a ka lehulehu. Luhi lulu palaoa mahiʻai a pau climatic cii i i manaʻo ai, mai ka mea hou kakauolelo nui o nā hana mana, akā, vaguely me ka manao ole i ka mea e pono ai. Ma mau, ma hope o ka resignation o Khrushchev ka kaulana uprising i ole hiki mai ana.

E piʻi like Nikita Sergeyevich

Ma fairness, ua hiki ole ole, e hōʻike i ka alohilohi mea i kauoha aku e hana ma luna o nā makahiki o kona noho aliʻi, hookuu aku la ia i ke kakauolelo mua.

Mua, ke aupuni ua i ka moʻo o ka hanana i ia i ka hele ana mai o ka gloomy a me ka authoritarian hana o ka Stalin'āina. Ka mea, i nui kapa i ka hoi ana a hiki i ka Leninist nā loina o ke alakaʻi, akā, ma ka ike maopopo oia i loko o ka demolition o aneane a pau o ka nui kia hoʻomanaʻo i (koe nae ka ua ma Gori), 'ae e kakau i kekahi moʻokalaleoʻilikai i ka hainā, a me ke Keʻena o ka Party laina ma ke kino ano o ka pūʻulu i make i ka 1953 alihi kaua.

Ka lua, like mahiʻai hope hoopukaia passports, formally kona külana ia i ka waeʻano o Soviet kamaaina me ka piha pono. 'aʻole i kēia manaʻo ku okoa ana, e koho i kona noho, akā, kekahi loopholes nō ma laila.

Apana, no ka mea, he mau makahiki ia i lilo i ka Hopu ma ka hale noho no? Ieoaeunoaa. Miliona oʻahā like mika i ka haehaeʻia makahiki, akā, mamua ia o ka papakaukau e piʻi like, maila nō i lawa. Ke kulanakauhale i lilo i "pehu" mai ka hele ana a hiki i ko lākou noho kahiko like mahiʻai (knm. Previous paukū). Ei? Ua cramped a me ke koikoi, akā, i ka "Khrushchev" mea laila lākou e noho skyscrapers nô i ka hou, kēia LIKE.

Apana, i ka wa a me na cosmos hou. Ka mua a me ka mea maikaʻi,ʻo nā mea a pau Soviet Kao lele lako kaua. Gagarin, Titov, Tereshkova, a ma mua o lakou, o ka ilio nā polokina, pua a me ka hoku - i keia, kena ae la i mea ohohia nui. Eia hou kekahi, mau e piʻi like i pono e pili ana i ka pale aku ia lakou. Soviet kanaka he haʻaheo o ke aupuni i loko o a lakou i noho ai, eia nae na kumu no keia ua,ʻaʻole like ka nui me ko lakou makemake.

Aia ua'ē aʻe lilelileʻaoʻao i loko o ke au o Khrushchev, akā, ka mea, ua i no ka nui. Miliona o ka pili aupuni paahao i hookuu, akā, mai loko mai o kahi e hoʻomoana ai, ka mea, koke loaʻa i kēia manawa i ka 'ōlelo mea maikaʻi, e mālama i kona waha papani. A ike loea.

thaw

O kŰia kēia mea wale maikaʻi ahahui. Mākou wā mea i loko o kēlā mau makahiki o ka aina vosprjala, mai ka lōʻihi ka hooilo hiamoe, e like me ka ikaika bea. Zazhurchal muliwai, i hamumu iho i ka olelo o ka oiaio e pili ana i ka weliweli o Stalinism a me ka gulag mau wahi i hoomoanaʻi, leo o ka haku mele puhi ma ke kia hoʻomanaʻo i Pushkin, Na Makuahine hoʻokiʻekiʻe lulu iho la ia i ko lakou lākou bouffant hairdos, a kau aku la i ka hula pōhaku 'N''ōwili. About kēia kiʻi eh ÷ ike ai laekahi Film ma muli o ka theme like o na kanalima, a sixties. Auwe, na mea a pau,ʻaʻole he pono. E like rehabilitated a hookuu Kalaiaina pio ke koe disenfranchised. Ei? Ua i lawa, a me ka "maʻamau", i ua ole e noho ana kanaka.

A ua kekahi ololi nui kā lākou manaʻoʻike ano. ka poe i loaa ia mai Stalin ka brutality Oia, pinepine i koe i kona mau kânaka. Ka mea hiki ole i i me kolohe hōʻike ma ka hoʻokahuliʻia o ko lākou mau kiʻi. Aʻu i hele aku Pun e pili ana i ka cult, a, o ka papa, ua akā, no hoi ana paha, ka ', i kekahi i wahi. Ke, hoʻomaoe hou akula i loko o ka ino heluʻai nisprovergatelya, a me kona hewa iho i loko o ka hoomaau ana.

Stalinists i hana i ka nui loa o disgruntled kulekele Khrushchev, a me kona ouster mai ka mana ike iho la lakou me ka pono uku.

kaulana eha ma ka naau

I ke kakahiaka nui sixties ka-yeiiiie? O ka Soviet Union hoomaka ae la e deteriorate. Ke kumu no keia, he nui loa. Kekahi mea kanu ole 'ana hoʻii Haunted aina, hooneleia i na miliona o ka poe hana nana i hana ma hoʻokiwikā kūkuluʻia ioauoa a me nā hale hana o. Ke ana i loko o ka palapala ana o na auhau luna ma luna o nā lāʻau a me nā holoholona alakai i loa hewa hopena: nuipa akua aku la, a "ke puhi ma lalo o ka pahi" kumukuai.

Launaʻole, a me ka loa ia wä, ma hope o makahiki o "ʻulaʻula weliweli" hoomaau ua hoano e manaoio. Khrushchev eyoey ii i loko o kēia wahi hiki ke ho'ākāka 'ia me barbaric. Pinepine ae la oia, hoʻoikaika ihola panina o na ekalesia, a monasteries alakai aku i ka hookahe koko ana.

No laila, poorly lawelawe 'ia a me ka illiterate "polytechnic" kula mihi. E hoopau loa ia ka mea wale nō i ka 1966, a me ka hopena loli no ka lōʻihi manawa.

Eia hou, i ka 1957 o ka moku'āina papani iho la i uku ma na mea paa, oi aku mamua o ekolu makahiki limanui aku i hookauia iho e ka hana. I kēia lā ka mea makemake e kapaia ka paʻamau.

he nui nā kumu no ka'ōhumu mai, a me ka uku o ka ulu ana i loko o na hana, pu ma ka emi i loko o kala, hui me ka e ala ana i ka ai kala. A me ke ahonui i na kanaka i ka ua e ola: hoomaka unrest, ka loa kaulana o ka poe Novocherkassk hanana. Poe hana pana ma ka mika pāhoʻonui lua, na koena i lawe pio ai, ho'āʻo, a me ka'ōlelo hoʻopaʻi i ka ia maluna ana. People i ka ninau maoli aicieeaao: no ke aha la Khrushchev denounced Stalin ka cult o ke kanaka a me ka mea ana i maikaʻi?

Next luahi - na puali koa o ka USSR

Ma ka lua o ka hapalua o ke kanalima, ke Soviet Army i na hoopai ana a hiki i ka nunui, luku a me ka kŘpuna hoouka. No,ʻaʻole i ka poʻe hao wale o NATO, a me ka Americans me kā lākou hydrogen hopeʻia ka mea, lawe mai. USSR nalowale 1,3 miliona koa i loko o ka loa maluhia kaiapuni. Ke kaua hope, ua lilo 'Oihana a me ka mea hou aku e hiki ole, akā, e malama aku i ka motherland, na koa e noho ana ma luna o ke alanui - ka mea, uaʻokiʻia. Ano o Khrushchev haawiia mai e ia, hiki ia i ke kumuhana o ka'ōlelo noiʻi, akā, e hoolaha i ka hoonoho censors makemake ole i ae. Me ka pili ana i ka'auwaʻa, alaila he mea hiki ke kūikawā kamaʻilio. All nui-nona iho moku e hōʻoia 'kumupaʻa o kaʻoihana moku pili' o Randy, o ka oi aku battleships, e oki no ka hamoʻia. Inept a me ka lapuwale i koe strategically nui kumu i loko o Kina a me Finland, kaua haʻalele Austria. Ua meaʻaʻole paha ia mawaho aggression nuiʻino e like me "kūlana pale" hana Khrushchev e lawe mai. Mau hoa paio o keia manao i hoʻopaʻapaʻa, ka mea, e olelo aku, makau o ko mākou Kao lele lako kaua huakaʻi i ke kai ka hoʻolālā. Auwe, hoomaka ae la lakou e hoʻomōhala ma lalo Stalin.

Ma ke ala, i ole hookoe i ka First, a me kona hoola mai ka "Anati-Party clique". Zhukov hoomahaiaʻi kaʻAha Kuhina kulana, ua laweʻia mai o ka Presidium o ka Central Komite, a hoouna aku la ia Odessa - e kauoha aku i ka apana.

"I kiaʻana i kāna i loko o ko lākou mau lima ..."

Ae, e ka i ka hopuna'ōlelo o Lenin ka berita kālai'āina ua hala loa pili i ka wrestler me ka Stalinist cult. I ka 1958, N. S. Hruschev lilo i ka Luna hoomalu o ka 'Aha o Kuhina, hoʻokahi wale nō aoao alii ai maluna o ka mea, ua i lawa. Management epekema, hoʻonoho like me ka "Leninist", maoli i ole ae i ka manawa kūpono e ka hoike manaʻo i e ole coincide me ka mau laina. A kumu o kona waha, he ka mua kakauolelo. No ka mea, a pau kona authoritarianism, I. V. Stalin pinepine hoʻolohe i kumu, o ka oi aku ina e hele mai, mai kanaka i ike i kā lākou hana. ʻO i loko o nā makahiki loa lono kaumaha o ka "Wiliama" ke hoʻololi i ka olelo hooholo, inaʻo ia i ho'āʻo hewa ia ia. Khrushchev mea mau i ka mea mua, e hoike i ko lakou manao, a me na kue ike me kekahi 'aoʻao pilikino kūamuamu. Eia hou, ma ka mooolelo maikaʻi o ka Communist, alaila, manao ae o ia iho, e like me ke kanaka, haohao o loko o na mea a pau - mai ka 'ike loea hou a hiki i na kilokilo ana. Ua noa i kama'āina i ka hihia i loko o ka Arena, i ka wa a ka avant-garde Artists i luahi o ka ho'āhewa wale 'Ua haule i loko o ka inaina, "i ka poe koikoi o ka aoao." Aia he mau hoao ana o ka makaia o moʻolelo, sculptors lilo keleawe hōʻino, a "ma na Kao lele lako kaua mea i lawa." Ma ke ala, e pili ana i ia mau mea. About pehea Khrushchev i ka hoʻomalu i loko o ke kula o ka rocketry,ʻo ia'ōlelo eloquently o kona manaʻoi hāpai 'ia V. A. Sudtsu, i hoʻokumu a ADMS "Dvina" (S-75) shove lākou mau luna' ... Ua pono, i mau, mamao aku. Ua ua i ka makahiki 1963 ma Kubinka, ma ka paena.

Khrushchev-diplomat

About pehea N. S. Hruschev Ekahi kona kamaa ma ka podium, kela kanaka keia kanaka i ike, a hiki wale i keia la i ka haumāna i kekahi mea, akā, lohe no ia. No emi kaulana, a kena ae la pilikia no ka unuhi hopuna'ōlelo e pili ana i ka gruel, a ka Soviet alakaʻi i hele e hōʻike i ka pau capitalist honua. Mau kaha puana'ī mau mea momona aʻikeʻia,ʻoiai ka mea, ua i loko o lākou nā moʻopuna a me ka hamama Nikita Sergeyevich loa nui. Akā, i ka papa kuhikuhiE mea - i hua'ōlelo akā, hana. A me nā mea a pau groznosti olelo, maoli kuwaho o ka USSR i lanakila 'o ia ma ka apana uuku na. Adventurous hoʻouna Kao lele lako kaua me Cuba, uaʻikeʻia, a ua hoomaka ae la ke kaua, kokoke e lilo i ke kumu o ka make ana o na kanaka a pau. Uao ma Hungary ua kena ae la outrage a hiki i waena o nā allies o ka USSR. Kākoʻo "e holumua ai"? Eiia io ma Africa, Roma Amerika a me Asia, eʻilihune kāki ka Soviet Bedroom ka loa pipiʻi, a aole i AIM e hoʻokō i kekahi mau mea kōkua hana no ke aupuni, a me ka hookonokono ana ia i ka poho nui i ka palena'āina. Ke initiator o kēia mau ploys pinepine ua Khrushchev ia ia iho. Kahua okoa mai ka statesman i manao wale o ka pōkole-manawa pono. Ia mea me kēia mea i hōʻike i Ukraine, ka Crimea, nae ma ia manawa i kekahi hiki i wānana i keia olelo, e entail lahui hopena.

reversalʻano papa hana

No laila mea i Khrushchev? I ka papaʻaina i loko o nā kolamu ma kaʻaoʻao'ākau o ka i hōʻike mea makemake e pono keia mau mea a pau, a me ka hema - nā palapala, makemake e hookoaia ma waena o nā, ao ke ano o konaʻano. A ma luna o ka tombstone, hana ironically hoohiki ana ia Ernst ike ole ia, huiʻeleʻele a keʻokeʻo. Akā, ka mea, 'o ka lyrics, akā, ma ka mea offset Khrushchev ua kuhikuhi ma muli o keʻano'ōhumu mai me kā lākou' aoʻao nomenclature. Aole hoi na kanaka, aole hoi i ka poe kaua, aole hoi i ka hoouka i ke kaua a me ka waihona lālā o ka CPSU i i noi, ua hooholoia na mea a pau ma hope o ka weliweli loa, a, o ka papa, i ka mahuka.

Ke poo o State i kau mai ana iluna malie ma Sochi, arrogantly ignoring na olelo ao o ka'āina loaa. Ia ia i kiiia ia Moscow, ua vainly manaolana e rectify i ke kulana. Kākoʻo, naʻe, ua ole. Ke State maluhia Komite, alai ae ma ka A. N. Shelepinym, mńlualua me ka poʻe kipi, i ka poe koa ua hōʻike piha neutrality (ke 'ano laulā a me ka Ilamuku apparently i hoʻopoina mihi a me ka ho'ēmiʻana). A hou helu ua,ʻaʻole ma luna o kekahi. Khrushchev ka resignation i wahi ma kālana casually, a me nā hanana lono kaumaha.

58-makahiki-kahiko Leonid Ilich Brezhnev, lâlâ 'o ka Presidium, alakai aku, a hoʻokō i ka "hale coup." Oiaio no, ka mea, ua he wiwo ole oni ana: i ka hihia o ka ole o ka hopena no ka i komo i loko o ke kipi hiki ia i ka loa pitiable. Brezhnev a Khrushchev ua mau hoa, akā, i loko o ka kūikawā ala, ma ka aoao. Like mahana i ka pilina Nikita Sergeyevich Lavrenty Pavlovich. A ua malamaia lakou nei, Stalin pensioner hui aiee i kekahi manawa loa hōʻihi. Ma ka haule ana o ka 1964 Khrushchev ka au ua ma luna o.

naoh

Ma ke West, ma mua loa cautiously apo hoʻololi i ka Kremlin ka luna noho. Nā loea kālai'āina, Kuhina Nui e lawelawe ai a me ka pelekikena i noonoo wale specter o "Uncle Joe" ma paramilitary ka luhi a me kona mau paipu. Khrushchev ka resignation ke ano hou-Stalinization o nā wahi lulu, a kuwaho o ka USSR. Kēia,ʻaʻole naʻe, i ole hiki mai. Leonid Ilyich huli mai e e loa ai launa alakaʻi, he kākoʻo iā ia, no ka maluhia coexistence o na nenoaiʻelua,ʻo ia hoʻi, ano laulā, e olelo ana, Ua ike me ka Orthodox Communist pererozhdenchestvo. E pili ana i Stalin i ka manawa nui worsened ana me ka Pākē hoa. Eia naʻe,ʻo ka loa noho pilikia o Khrushchev like me ka revisionist characterization i i alakai i ka poe kue, oiai ma lalo o Brezhnev, oia noʻikeʻia (ma Damanskiy Peninsula). Czechoslovak hanana Ua hōʻike i kekahi ka hoʻomauʻana i loko o ka hoomalu ana o na mea i waiwai ai o socialism a evokes ahahui me Hungary i ka makahiki 1956, eia nae,ʻaʻole loa'ālike. A hoomaka iho la hope, i ka 1979, i ke kaua ma Afghanistan ua hookupaa iho la ia i ka poʻe hewa nui hakaka, e pili ana i ke ano o ka honua communism.

i ke kumu no ka resignation o Khrushchev oiaʻano nui ka makemake e hoʻololi i ka maʻi lele o? acaeoey, akā, i ka makemake o ka aoao waiwai, e hoopaa, a? anoe i ko lakou mau makemake.

Ka loa e like me ka makaia o kakauolelo malaila i ke koena o kona manawa ma ka noonoo ana kaumaha ma ka lipine nadiktovyvaya memoirs, ma ka mea āna i ho'āʻo ana e hoapono ia kā lākou mau hana, a me kekahi manawa nui loa ka minamina ia lakou. No ka ona, no kona wehe 'ia mai oihana i pau ai kŘpa a pono.