Kepler Iogann: Kawaihae, hana, discoveries

Ke ano o ka heliocentric oihana o Nikolaya Kopernika - i ka nui loa ke keʻena o ke kaʻina hana i loaa mai i ka inoa o na kakaolelo o ka 'epekema kipi XVI-XVII kenekulia. Ma ka kakaʻina i kona puke, kahi āna i waiho mai i kēia kumumanaʻo, ka Polish nui mālie kuhikuhi mai i ka absurdity o ia, noʻonoʻo i mohai kaikai i kou hana pololei ho'āʻo ana e imi i ke ala, e hooluolu aku au i makemakika hoʻomaulia ma kilohōkū. Ka makaʻu o ka hoʻololi 'ana i ka Copernican ho o ka ke ao holoʻokoʻa ma o ka piha oiaio e pili ana i ka nui German nä känaka' epekema ma ka inoa Kepler. Johann i waena o nā wā nui i aku:ʻo ia hai i ka hōʻeaʻana mai o ke ao nei i ka hou 'ano o ke kanaka - nä känaka' epekema, e ike ana i ke ano o ka hana.

Comet - harbinger o ka nui naue like

Wā e hiki mai astronomer, mathematician, lunaʻenehana, optician Ua hanau December 27, 1571 i loko o ka ohana ilihune i loko o ke kūlanakauhale o ka paku, ma ke duchy o Wurttemberg, ma ka Swabian hapa o Germany. A hiki aku la oia i 5 mau makahiki, hele aku la ia i ke kaua ma Holland, ke poo o ka 'ohana - he koa-powa Heinrich Kepler. Johann aole ike ia ia. Kona makuwahine, Caterina, ua i ke kaikamahine o ka innkeeper, i komo i loko o lāʻau lapaʻau laau lapaau a me ka anaana, no ka i ka mea, ma hope kokoke nalowale i kona poo. Me iki makahiki,ʻo ia i nā mea a pau i ke keiki i loaa hoʻonaʻauao 'ana i ka pono.

An hana hoihoi mea hiki e hooponoponoia ia mea, i ka pauʻana, na ka mea Kawaihae Ioganna Keplera i loko o kona loa hoʻomaka. Katharina Kepler hōʻike he eono-makahiki Johann comet, a ekolu makahiki ma hope - i ka 1580 - ka Pu o ka mahina. Ka hoku ia ma ka po lani, a me ka mahina loli kinona i na maka ua neʻe maila, a hiki i ka inquisitive keiki i ka ikaika manaʻo. Malia paha laila, hanau o kona makemake, e kiʻi i nā kumu o ka mea, ke aha?

Nä känaka 'epekema-theologian, he kākoʻo iā ia, no Copernicus

I kakahiaka wa, Johann neʻe puʻupuʻu, e hoʻonāwaliwali i kona mau maka. A no keia mea nui kāohi nawaliwali, ai maimai. No ka mea, o keia, ka mea i oi manawa ma mua o kā lākou mau na¯ e kiʻi haumāna hoʻonaʻauao 'ana. Ma keia hihia, e komo Kepler University o Tübingen i ka pilina i ke kulanakauhale o ke aupuni o ka poʻokela akamai, komo Iogann Kepler. Pōkole Kawaihae o ke nä känaka 'epekema a me 1591 no ka 1594 mea, pili omo o ka ike i loko o kekahi o kaʻoiʻEulopa kulanui.

Kepler a pau ke ola ua he nui iho la ia kanaka haipule, a me ka staunch Protestant. Nolaila, oia i hoʻomākaukau e lilo i kahuna, a komo aku la i ka theological nā kumu. Naʻe, ma mua ia,ʻo ia i hele ai i ka papa o ka makemakika a me ka kilohōkū, lilo i ka haku o nā mea noʻeau, - ka mea, ua ai kapa e like me ka mea kiko'ī sciences i ka manawa. I waena o kona mau kumu ua he kākoʻo iā ia, no ka heliocentric oihana o Michael Maestlin. Ma lalo o ka aoao o kona mau haʻi'ōlelo kahuna hoomaopopoia o keia kumumanaʻo i a me Kepler. Johann ho'āʻo e Turtle ano i ka manaʻo o Copernicus, akā, 'aʻole e mau hana i ka hopena pono.

Kepler ka Cup

I na manao e lilo i kahuna Johann papani iho la i ka leo kono i aku la ia ia i ke kia o ka lecturer ma ka makemakika ma ka Kulanui o Graz (1594). 'Oiai, o kona hoahewa ia ka hoʻokô' ana i ke ala o ke hana i ke Akua i piha, ke Kawaihae Ioganna Keplera ka Kawaihae i ka noiʻi nä känaka 'epekema e ku ana ma luna o ka paepae o ka ao, a hoole i ka Ptolemaic (Geo) ho o ko ke ao nei.

Ma ka Harz ka mea, ua imi no ka makemakika aloha i loko o ka mea o ka poe lń, a paʻi i ka puke "Ka Hana o ka ke ao holoʻokoʻa" (1596). Ke kākoʻo olelo o ka manaʻo i kukalaia nä känaka 'epekema i loko o kēia puke i ka "kïÿaha o Kepler." Ua ua he buke ÷ o ka poe lń, ma i malamalama o Nyos i loko o ka konu o Copernicus, akā, na orbits o ka Honua ma ka orbiting Kepler i haawi mai i ka waiwai o ka Platonic kino - polū, kala a me ka maʻamau polyhedra. He mea känalua 'makemakika Ua noʻonoʻo i ia manawa i ka nō - i kēia kumu hoʻohālike ua maikaʻi loa kona kino, akā, loa pololei ole.

Manawa e e kono

Kona puke Kepler e hoouna i ka Europa,ʻepekema loa holomua, me Galileo a me ka Dane Tiho Brage, ka mea i mālama i ke aloaliʻi astronomer i loko o Palaka. E hoole ana i ka manaoia Kepler orbital aloha o nā 'ano apau loa, nā kānakaʻepekema mahalo i ka hana o ka mea bipi mathematician a me ka astronomer. Eia naʻe, a me kekahi mau kulana. Galileo i aponoia i ka heliocentric kokoke loa i kahi a me ka Braga makemake wiwo ole a me ka originality o kona manaʻo. Dane kono Kepler i Palaka.

Johann hele i Palaka hoʻokumu i kekahi mau kumu. Iwaena o lakou - he pilikia mea a me ka pono hoʻomoana o Kepler (oia ho'āpono mare, akā, i ka wahine opio, hina iho la ka maʻi me ka epilepsy a koke make), a me ka hoʻomaka o ka hoomaau ana o Kalawina ma ka Hui Church, a i ua haiia ka apostate a me Iogann Kepler. Ua piha ka olelo hooweliweli a me ka puʻe ma luna ona, me he kākoʻo iā ia, o heretical theories pōkole Kawaihae o ke nä känaka 'epekema ma ka hope wā o kona noho ana i loko o ka Harz.

I ka 1600, Kepler hiki ma Palaka, kahi āna i hoʻomaka ai ka loa hua nui wā o kona olaʻana.

Kepler ma Palaka. 'āina hoʻoili

koke make koke ma hope o ka hoʻomaka 'ana o ka hui hana Brahe, a waiho Kepler palapala o ke lākou Astronomical loina , a me ka wahi o ka astronomer aloaliʻi, a me ka poe kilo. Makahiki lawelawe 'ia e Kepler ma Palaka, o ke kumu o nā mea a pau kona nui akeakamai E hana' ia i loko o kilohōkū, ke kālaikūlohea, makemakika.

Ma kilohōkū, Kepler lawe mai i ka mea hope loa o ka hoolohe ana o ka noi ana o ka Honua ma o ka poe lń. Maopopo mea i loaʻa no ke Johannes Kepler, i kona wā hiki mai ka nui ledger o ke nä känaka 'epekema - "New Lewanuʻu" (1609). Ma ia, a ma ka hana hope "Ka Kuʻuipo o ka World" (1618) na kanawai ekolu o ka lani kinematics i ua kālaiʻia. I mai la mua planetary orbits e pili ana i ke kinona o ka ellipse me ka lā i kekahi o ka foci, i ka lua a me ka kolu o ka Honua i ho'ākāka 'ia orbital māmā holo a me ka hakakā o kona mahele. Eia hou kekahi, Kepler ho'ākāka 'ia ma ka supernova ua pololei Astronomical papa i malama ia i kohoʻia no ka hōkū luina a me astronomers.

Makemakika ua i ka papa kuhikuhiE hoʻopololei i hoʻohana ma o kona hana Kepler. Johann i loko o ka puke "New anahonua o ka waina barela" (1615) e hōʻike mai ana i ka huli i ka buke o ka puaʻa hiwa o ke kipi, e waiho ana i nā kumu o ka makemakika Ka Ikepili a me ka integral calculus. Mawaena o ka makemakika discoveries o Kepler - ka papaʻaina o logarithms, hou manaÿo - "makemakika ke ano o" a me "wahi ma ka infinity".

Kepler hoʻolauna i loko o 'epekema i ka manaʻo o "' oni '", Ua haawiia i ke ola i loko o ke ano maoli o ka makemake pili i ka hoao ana kino, hele mai la ma kahi kokoke i ka weheʻana i ke kānāwai o ka umekaumaha ia. Ka mea mua, e wehewehe i ke kumu o na iʻa aoao o ka Moon, ua ho'ākāka 'ia ma nā kumu o ka myopia, oia ua ulu ka oi holomua telescope.

Nā makahiki. paʻa

I ka 1615, Kepler i puʻe wale e lilo i ka loio o kona makuwahine, i hoopiiia no kilokilo. Ua hooweliweli ia e kuni i ka pahu, akā, Johann e hoʻokele i loaʻa ai kona liberation.

Nā makahiki, Kepler i puʻe wale e pana aku au i ka nana ana i ka ike loea kahi e kākoʻo i ko lakou mau ohana, a ma ka hele ana i ka Auguseto, aie mai i kana i ka uku, ma Rigensburg i ka 1630, make iho la ia.

Kepler ka inoa i keia la - i waena o ka mea nui loa lakou hoomaopopo ana, o kona manaʻo i ke kumu, a me kaʻikenaʻepekema, aʻanoʻenehana e piʻi like. ua haawiia mai i kekahi asteroid kona inoa lua pele ma luna o ka Moon, i ka makahiki kona kalaka, a orbiting pokole pele, me ka i wehe i ka hou Honua i like i ka Honua no ka keia, a me ka inoa hope o Kepler ka.