Leh Valensa: Kawaihae, ohana, kālai'āina hana, hoʻolilo 'ia'

Leh Valensa (hanau 09/29/43 ma Popowo, Poland) - he activist i kōkua palapala, a alakai (1980-90), ka mea mua kuokoa kalepa hui ana o ka Communist Polish "kūpaʻa". Ke charismatic ka luna o ka miliona o Polish poe hana i lilo i pelekikena (1990-95). I ka makahiki 1983, ua loaa i ka Nobel maluhia uku.

Leh Valensa: Kawaihae

I World War II i nohoia Poland Walesa makua Boleslav ma mua o ka hānauʻana o Lech oia i interned i loko o ka hana e hoʻomoana ai , a ma ka makahiki 1945, make iho la o exhaustion, a loaa i ka pepehi ana i mua o ka mea, a hiki i 34 makahiki. Kona makuwahine, i iho la o Pelika he ole nui ma luna o kāna keiki. Ke kūloko kahuna hoʻomanaʻo iā ia e like me ka "naauao wahine i hele mai."

Walesa ua he mediocre haumāna o ke kula County, a laila, puka 'o ia mai ka moku'āina Vocational kula ma Lipno, kahi āna i hana kūikawā electrician. C 1961 a hiki i 1965, ua hana ma ka waena konu o ka hana o ka Hawaii kaa.

No nā makahiki āna i mālama ai i loko o ka pūʻali koa, kahi ia i loaa mai i ke ano o Corporal.

Electricians shipyard

I ka makahiki 1967, Leh Valensa ka hoʻomaka 'ana e hana me ka electrician i ka nui Shipyard. Lenin ma Gdańsk. I ka 1970, uaʻike maka i ka ai uhauha manawa a makai pepehi mau demonstrators. Ka wā hou palapala kue ku ei ka Communist alakaʻi o Poland, i lilo ai i loko o ka makahiki 1976,ʻo iaʻikeʻia me ka Anati-aupuni kuai hoao ana activist, kūpono i nalowale hana.

Ma 'Aukake 1980, i ka wa a ka Gdansk shipyard i ale iho e kue, kena ae la ma ka hikina ai kala, Leh Valensa pii maluna o ka pa, a hui i ka hana i loko o ka hana, ka poe e koho ia ia e like me ke poo o ka' olohani Komite, iaia ka mana e negotiate me na luna o ka shipyard.

Mahope o 3 mau lā i nā koi i maliuia mai, akā, i ka wa a ke luku mai ka poe e hana i nā mea kanu Gdansk Lech noi e hoʻomau i ka 'olohani, uaʻae akula koke. He alakaʻi ka interplant pepehi iho at ia, e lawe pu ana e hana ma ka aina o Gdansk-Sopot-Gdynia. Ke Komite i aku i ka helu o ka wiwo ole kālai'āina koi, a me ka pono, e pepehi, a me ka ho okumu ana o noa uniona kālepa, a haʻi maila i kekahi mau hahau. Makau i ke kaulana kipi, ua conceded Communist Aupuni i ke kumu nui e koi ana o ka hana, a ma luna o Augate 31, i kakauinoaia ka 'aelike, e haawi ana ia lakou i ka pono, e hoonohonoho uku ole ia mai, a kū kaʻawale. Ka hōʻailona Ua hele e Mechislav Yagelsky, First Hope Kuhina Nui Kuhina o Poland, a me Leh Valensa. Ua loli hou Kawaihae o ka alihi kaua o ka oihana hoao ana neʻeʻana: ka mea, ua hoihoi hou ia i loko o ka Gdansk Shipyard, a poai puni i ka National ōhumu Hoona Kuleana.

kūpaʻa

Once, ma muli o kēia nui ae like ma kahi o 10 miliona Polish poe hana a me ka mahiʻai hui semiautonomous uniona kālepa, Interfactory hahau komite i lilo iho i loko o ka National Hui o uniona kālepa a me Walesa like kona lunahoomalu a me ke Aliʻi Lunamakaainana. Ma Okatoba, i ka "kūpaʻa" oihana hoao ana i kauoha aku ike e ka Polish aupuni, i alakaʻiʻia e ka Hui, a me ka Lech ma na confrontations me ka mana, kaupalena i ka hiki ana o ka Soviet koa 'uao.

Leh Valensa: Nobel uku

Hui lanakila hoao ephemeral. I December 1981 Ua i ka Polish aupuni ma lalo oʻoihana kānāwai, "kūpaʻa" ua outlawed, a ua hopu ia ka hapanui o kona poe luna papa, a me Leh Valensa, kona Kawaihae lako makahiki i loko o ka hale paʻahao. Ia nā kumu kāki iā ia i loko o ka 1983 Nobel He aloha makana i ua nema aku e ka Polish aupuni. Makau i ka hua'ōlelo i ke pio, oia noho ma Poland, a me kana wahine, Danuta Walesa, hele aku la ia Oslo, Norway, eʻae i ka ia nā kumu kāki ma luna o kona 'aoʻao.

koho lanakila

E like me ka luna o ka lola honua neʻeʻana "kūpaʻa", i na hoopai ana Walesa i mau ino a hiki i ka manawa me kekahi mea hōʻemi i loko o yeiiiie? Aneeie oneiaeyie, a me ka hou nalu o ka hana unrest i ka 1988, hoʻoikaika ihola ka Polish aupuni ole, e negotiate me ia, a me nā hui ana alakaʻi. ʻO ko lākou hopena ua i ka berita, a ua hana hou loio i ke kūlana o ka "kūpaʻa" a sanctioned noa koho no i kaupalena helu o nā wahi i loko o ka hoihoi hou ma luna o ka hale o ka hale kanawai. Ma June 1989, i ka neʻeʻana i loaa ka uie kekahi hapanui hewahewa o kēia mau wahi, a me Walesa hoomalau mai i ka hāpai 'ana i lilo i kaʻahahui aupuni me ka Communists ma hope, i puʻe wale akula kēlā hale kanawai, e hoapono i ka Aha Kuhina o Kuhina ma lalo o ke alakaʻiʻana o "kūpaʻa", naʻe ia i hōʻole ia e kona luna, Kuhina Nui Kuhina.

Head o ka moku'āina

I ka 1989, Walesa kokua i kona hui colleague Tadeusz Mazowiecki e ke Kuhina Nui o keia aupuni, akā, kūkala i kona candidacy e ku e ia ia, no ka pelekikena ma ka makahiki 1990 a ua lanakila i ka mua pololei koho pelekikena ke koho ma Poland ma ka holomoku hapanui.

Like Polish Pelekikena Walesa kōkua mai, e hoopaa noa hale kanawai ke koho ana i ka makahiki 1991, a i kekahi i loko o ka loli ana o ka hoʻokele waiwai o ke aupuni, a hiki i ka noa kuai. He hoike kupaianaha kālai'āina,ʻoiai, me he alakaʻi o ka "kūpaʻa", akā, me kona hemahema hoi nīnau, confrontational mika a me ka hoole ana, e hooluolu aku au i ka wī ma luna o kapu abortion i ke olonā wāwae o kona hiʻona ma ka hopena o ka loiloi ma ka oihana. I ka 1995, oia komo i loko o ke koho ana, akā, ua hee o ia e kahiko Communist Aleksandra Kvasnevskogo, ke poo o ke aupuni hema kuikahi. Once hou Walesa holo no ka pelekikena ma ka makahiki 2000, akā, i loaa wale i kekahi hapa o na balota. I ka 1997, ua hoʻokumu, a poai puni i ka pili aupuni aoao "Christian aupuni a ka lehulehu III Repubalika o Poland."

Withdrawal mai kālai'āina

E like me ka hopena o ke pio ana o 2000 Walesa kūkala i kona hoʻomaha mai kālai'āina. A laila,ʻo ia a pau loa o kona manawa e hana ana ma ke kula, ma kona inoa iho, i kona hoʻokumu i ka 1995, e ke kaʻana like 'ike ma luna o ka piʻi like o ka "kūpaʻa", hoʻokō' ana o ke aupuni a ka lehulehu a me ka hale o ke kivila ke kaiāulu kanaka, ma Poland, a ma ke ao nei.

Ma 'Aukake 2006, Walesa ua kūkala i kona hoʻomaha, mai ke kuokoa kalepa hui ana ma ka palapala ma kona kākoʻo i ke aliʻi aoao "ka Maikaʻi a me ka hoopai» (PiS), e like me ka pono me Lech a me Yaroslava Kachinskih, ka loaʻa, i kekahi manawa, e paʻa ana i ka koʻikoʻi wahi i loko o ka "kūpaʻa "a lilo pelekikena a me ka Kuhina Nui e lawelawe, niioaaonoaaiii. E like me ia, ua lilo ia i malihini ia ia ia i ka hoʻolālā, ka mea, ua i ka 'ē aʻe ana nou, no ka pilikia i loli a me kanaka. I ka pau,ʻo ia kū'ē i ka wehe Kaczynski kanaka pili i ka mea kahiko Communist? Eia, a hoao mai ana e hoolaha papa o? Aaiuo eaa PiS-au malu makai, Poland.

Mai 2004, ka mea hana Gdansk international airport Lech Wałęsa. Mika pāhoʻonui lua a me nā alanui o loko o ka hanohano o ka mua alihi kaua o "kūpaʻa", e aia i loko o ka United States, Canada a me Palani. I ka 2009 ka mea, ua he kia hoʻomanaʻo i loko o ka Alley o ka Polish Nobel uku Winners.

I ka 1981, "Time", lilo 'o ia i ka mua Pole, e ke kumu kāki i ka inoa o "Man o ka Year" Magazine. Mai Queen Elizabeth II mau lima Leh Valensa Ua hookoia ka inoa o Honorary Member o ka Papa o ke Bateseba i. No hoi i hookoia na kauoha a me nā mau mekala o na aina e, ma ka Vol. H. koho pelekikena mekala o ka United States noho kauwa ole ana, ka Palani Legeona o Honor, ka papa o ka "makaʻu o ka Italia Repubalika", ka Kuekene Papa o ka Seraphim, ka Denemaka Papa o ka Elephant, ka Pinilana Papa o ka White Rose, ke Pukiki Papa o Liberty, a ka infante Dona Enrike, ka Norewai Papa o St. Olav, Ukrainian Papa o Prince Yaroslava Mudrogo, ka Czech Papa o ka White liona, i ka Papa "no ka kānaka apau i mākaukau o ka Pekelala Repubalika o Hawaii", ka Chilean Papa o kānaka apau i mākaukau, i ka'Ōlelo'Esetonia Kaiaulu ene Keʻa Mary Land, UNESCO kâlâ keʻokeʻo a me na mea e ae.

Personal ola

November 8, 1969 Leh Valensa mare Danuta Golos. Bogdan (1970), Slawomir (1972), Przemyslaw (1974), Jaroslav (1976), Magdalena (1979), Anna (1980), Maria-Victoria (1982), a Brigid (1985): 8 keiki i ka hui i. Yaroslav Valensa i lilo i politician, a ua he lâlâ hoʻi o ka hale kanawai i loko o 2005-2009, a ma ka 2009 i koho 'ana i ka' Eulopa hale kanawai.

I ka 2008, Lech Walesa i hana coronary artery stenting a me ka pacemaker hoʻouka kekahi.

hope paha Bolek

No ka makahiki, ka pelekikena ma mua o Poland, i hoopiiia ma ka mea i loko o nā 1970s ka mea, ua i informant no ka mea Communist malu hana, ma muli naʻe o kona categorical keakea, a me ka olelo hooholo o ka kūikawā Aha i ka makahiki 2000, ridding ia o ka hewa ana i hoopiia o ka laulima. Naʻe, i ka hype a puni i kēia mau mea i 'ōlelo ala hou i ka 2008. A laila, i paʻi i ka puke, ka meʻe ua hoʻokani Leh Valensa. Kawaihae hui alakaʻi i inā ma ka mea i hōʻike 'ana i, mai 1970 a hiki i 1976, ua hana e like me ka operative mālama' ia hoʻi nā lawelawe ma lalo o ka codename Bolek. Ua hoala mai ke kahe hou i loko o Pepeluali 2016, i ka wa a ka Institute o National hoomanao, ke hoʻololi e noiʻi ana i ka Nazi a me Communist au i loko o Poland, maiwaena mai o ka wahine kāne make o ka mea kahiko Kuhina o Kūloko Affairs o ka mea, e like me a Walesa i ka informer o ka maluhia lawelawe. I waena o nā mea a pau, ka mea, ua ike no ke kōkua 'ana me ka maluhia ahalunakanawai, i kona lima, i ka loaa ana i ke kala, a pilikino hoʻokolokolo a me nā lono ma ke alu like malu Agena Bolek. Leh Valensa iho la i haalele ai i ka pahiki o ka authenticity o ka palapala, a laila'ōlelo akula ia, aole hiki ke makamake nui i hoʻopaʻa 'confiscated mai ia ia ma ka huli' ana.