Luminosity hoku. luminosity papa o ka hoku

Ano o ka mea kino ano lani kahi hiki e loa i hookahuli ai. Wale na hoku i apparently loa nui, luminosity a me nā mea kiko'î. A me ka mea hope, e ho'āʻo mākou e maopopo. He aha ka ka luminosity o ka hoku? Anei ia i kekahi mea e hana ai me kā lākouʻike pono i loko o ka lani, ka po? He aha ka ka luminosity o ka Sun?

Nature hoku

Hoku - he loa nunui ano lani kahi e hoʻokuʻu akula malamalama. Ka mea i hana mai i ka kinoea a me ka lepo mai ana gravitational mīkini'opihia. Loko o ka hōkū mea he anuanu Kora naʻEsau, kahi nukelea reactions lawe wahi. Ka mea, he hoʻonui i ka glow o na hoku. I ka papa kuhikuhiE ano o ka malamalama pae i nui, gloss, luminosity, ka mea maloko 'ole. A pau o kēia mau mea kiko'î a hilinaʻi ma ka hū o ka hoku a me kona 'ilepili Nine Inch haku mele' ana.

Ka papa kuhikuhiE "akamai" o kēia mau kino i helium a me ka hydrogen. Ka puu uuku e pili ana ia ia i ke iloko o kalapona, oxygen, a ke hooheheeia (manganese, silikone, hao). Ka nui dala o ka hydrogen a me ka helium ma opiopio hoku, me ka manawa lākou mau huliāmahi e hoemi, e ae ana i nā oihana mua.

Hoku ma ka pahale wahi o ka pilikia ka loa "wela". Ke ana wela i loko o ia hiki mai i kekahi mau miliona degere Kelvin. Aia i ana reactions ma i hydrogen ua hoohuliia i loko o helium. Ma o ka luna, me ka mahana mea nui lalo, a hiki wale mai i kekahi mau tausani degere Kelvin.

He aha ka ka luminosity o ka hoku?

Thermonuclear reactions loko hoku pu ma ea puka o ka ikehu. Luminosity ua kapaia ka physical nui e Hōʻike 'ana i ka nui o ikehu ia produces he lani kino no manawa.

Ua Ua pinepine pioloke a me nā mea kiko'î, e like me ka mālamalama o na hoku i loko o ka lani po. Naʻe, ke olinolino, a me ka nohoaliʻi nui - e pili ana i ke ano i hiki ole ke anaia. He pili kēia i ka remoteness o ka malamalama mai ka Honua a me ka wehewehe wale pehea pono na hoku e hiki i loko o ka lani. Ka uuku o ka helu o keia nui, ka mea i oi aku kona'ē aʻe'ālohilohi.

Akä naÿe no ka mea, i ka luminosity o hoku - keia mea he Pahuhopu aiao. Ia, aole ia e hilinaʻi ma luna o kahi o ka kilo. Ua hoku he ano wā kona ikehu nona iho. Ua hiki ke oko a ma kekahi mau manawa o ka lani kino evolution.

Close i ka luminosity, akā,ʻaʻole'ālike, o ka loa nui. Ua pili ia i ka olinolino o ka malamalama i ka mea hiki i ke kilo i ka mamao o 10 parsecs, a 32,62 malamalama makahiki. IeAUPIIe, IAa IO ka mea, ua hoʻohana 'ia e hoʻomaulia i ka luminosity o hoku.

Paa o ka luminosity

Ka nui o ka ikaika a ke hookuu aku oia i ka lani kino me ka nānā 'ia ma watts (W), joules no kekona (J / s) a ma ka ergs no kekahi kekona (erg / s). Aia i kekahi mau aoao, e imi i ka makemake koho.

Ua ua hikiwawe pōpilikia mai ka haʻilula L = 0,4 (Ma -M), ina makemake e ike i ka loa cia o ka hoku. Ke'ī mai, i ka Roma palapala L ua hoʻohikiʻia luminosity, ka palapala M - o ka piha nui, a me ka Ma - ke kāpae cia o ka Sun (4.83 Ma).

Kekahi iaoia komo ai i ka hoʻokolokolo pono 'ike no ka luminary. Inā mākou i ka kahahńnai (R) a me ka mahana (T _ef ) O kona luna, ka luminosity hiki ke nānā 'ia e ka haʻilula L = 4pR ² St ⁴ _ef. Lakina ke ma keia hihia o ia hoʻi, he hale hānai physical nui - Stefan-Boltzmann a eia i.

Ke luminosity o ka Sun He 3,839 m October ²⁶ watts. No ka naau kupono, a mōakaaka, nä känaka 'epekema i hookuu hoohalike i ka luminosity o ka pā kino me keia nui. Penei, he mau mea i loko o nā tausani a me miliona o ka manawa nawaliwali a ikaika ma mua o ka lā.

luminosity papa o ka hoku

No ka e like ma waena o ka hoku, astrophysicists hoʻohana okoa Mea Maluna. Ka mea, e māheleʻia ma luna o ka spectra, nui, wela, etc. Akā, ka hapanui o nā mea a pau, no ka oi piha kiʻi o ka pono mau ano.

Aia He He Central Harvard Mea Maluna ma muli o ka spectra, i kī ana malamalama. Ua hoʻohana palapala, kela mea keia mea e like me kekahi mau 'ea puka waihoʻoluʻu (uliuli-O, B - keʻokeʻo a me ka uliuli, A - White, etc.).

Hoku o ka pae i i kekahi luminosity. No laila, ua ulu Yerkes kānakaʻepekema i ka Mea Maluna i lawe i loko o no keia aiao. Ua kaʻana lākou luminosity muli o loa nā loina. Ma keia hihia, kēlā me kēia 'ano o ka hoku ua aie me ole wale i ka laulā o nā palapala, helu, kuleana no ka luminosity. Penei, i ke kala:

• hypergiants (0);
• brightest supergiants (Ia +);
• ao alohilohi i supergiants (Ia);
• maʻamau supergiants (Ib);
• huali pilikua (II);
• maʻamau kanaka nunui (III);
• subgiants (IV);
• dwarfs ka papa kuhikuhiE kaʻina, (V);
• subdwarfs (VI);
• keʻokeʻo dwarfs (VII);

Ka nui luminosity, ka haʻahaʻa waiwai o loa nā loina. Ma kānaka nunui, a supergiants, ka mea, ua hōʻike me ka hua hoʻolawe.

Ka pilina ma waena o nā aliʻi e kāpae cia, ke ana wela huahelu, ka luminosity hoku hōʻike Hertzsprung - Russell. Ua Ua hookama hoʻi i ka 1910. Pakuhi e hoohui mai ia Harvard a me Yerkes Mea Maluna, a leie aku oe, e ninaninau, a classify i ka malamalama nui holistically.

Ke koena unuhi i loko o luminance

Hoku kiko'î i mahalo correlated i kekahi i kekahi. Ma ka luminosity o ka hoku loli ana ma ka mahana a me kona nuipa a. A me ka mea e pili kēia kalele iho ma luna o ka Nine Inch haku mele 'ana o ka hoku. Star nui i oi aku, i ka mea uuku ke kaumaha hehee (kaumaha ia ma mua o hydrogen a me ka helium).

Ka mea, i nui loa nuipa a kiʻekiʻe hypergiants supergiants. Ka mea, i ka loa a me ka mana brightest hoku i loko o ka ke ao holoʻokoʻa, akā, i ka mea ia manawa, a me ka pohihihi. Dwarfs, ma ka Akä, i ka poe uuku a me ka nuipa luminosity, akā, hoike no ma kahi o 90% o nā mea a pau hoku.

Ka loa papakaukau hoku, a ua ikeia i keia la, o he uliuli hypergiants R136a1. Kona luminosity Ua oi aku ia mamua o ka la 8,7 miliona manawa. Ee iaaanu aey hoku i loko o ka huihui Cygnus (ka Swan P) aku i ka luminosity o ka Sun 630 000 manawa, a me ka S Doradus ia aku i keia aiao mea 500 000 manawa. Kekahi o ka mea uuku i ike hōkū 2MASS J0523-1403 i ka luminosity o ka la 0,00126.