Māhele o ka lolo. Medulla oblongata. Ke 'ole, papa, i ka hopena o ka make

Wauke lolo anatomically poe anuanu oho mea naʻau i ka hapa ma waho o ka cerebral hemispheres. Kona pa 'ole ma muli o ia ka helu nui o convolutions kaawale ma ka hewa elua. Penei ka hapanui o ka pńpa aia i loko o kaʻauwaha hohonu, a he uuku hapa - ma luna o lākou ili honua. I hoʻokaʻawale hemisphere convex (mawaho) a me ka loko ili, a me ke kumu. Ma ka pā ili o ka parietal lobe ua kaawale mai ka frontal ma ka mana "rolandovoy" hewa elua. Aia ma lalo ia o "Sylvius" Groove, a me a ka mea kino lobe ua kaawale mai ka frontal a me ka parietal. Parietal-occipital sulcus hoʻokaʻawale i ka occipital lobe.

Microscopic cortex 'ole ka loaʻa o ka moʻo o ke kelepona hele, a fibrous mau papa, a ua pili i ka eono-ahu' ole type.

A pau keia ua nānā 'ia kēia mau papa:

- mawaho granular;

- maloko granular;

- hakakino;

- polymorphic keena;

- nui pyramidal keena;

- meakino a me ka uuku pyramidal keena.

'Ole a me ka medulla papa, i ka hopena o kona luku

Kona lōʻihi mea ma kahi o iwakalua-ewalu millimeters, he laula ke kiʻekiʻe, ulu aʻela, a hiki i ka iwakalua-eha millimeters. Medulla hoomau ma ka cranial lua spinal kaula ma nā Central spinal Canal. Ua ua malama i ke alo o ka waiwai kaawale he mau huhui o oho mea, a hana i ka Kora naʻEsau cranial nā aʻalolo. Ma ke kahua o ka keʻokeʻo mea āpau i komo i puluniu mau alahele. Medulla oblongata kekahi mau he nucleus, mai a na aa i ke aupuni 'nui cranial nā aʻalolo (vagus, hypoglossal, glossopharyngeal, mailaila aku). Eia hou, na nuclei komo i loko o ka reflex keʻano o ka hanaʻana e like me kamaiʻilio ana, moni 'ia, keiki omowaiu, kiheʻana, ka luaʻi, a kaawale ana o ka digestive wai. Ho okumu ana o nuclei i loko o kānaka ia lŘlŘ i kūpono 'ana i loko o ka opu. Oblong keiki lolo (me ke alahaka), kaupaona ma kahi o ewalu nā huna. Maturation mau ka awelika o ehiku makahiki.

Ma ka hele ma ka medulla oblongata aoao paʻa i ka centripetal a me ka centrifugal impulses. Kekahi o ka mea nui aoao ua noʻonoʻo i ka pyramidal ala. Ua hoʻohuiʻia ka Hawaii, iaono? I loko o ka cerebral cortex a me ka Hawaii keena o ka anterior pepeiaohao o ka spinal kaula. Ma ka palena o ka spinal kaula a me ka medulla ka oihana malama holo i loko o ka pyramidal'āpana. Kēia wehewehe i ka ooieoeiiaeuiiai hoʻohuikau o kekahi mau wahi o ka lolo ia mea, e poino. No ka laʻana, lesions ma ka pyramidal laau nui ma luna o chiasm ke kumu hemiplegia ma kaʻaoʻao e ku pono ana o ke keena kino. I ka Ia manawa i ka pio ana o ka cranial nā aʻalolo iaea ooieoeiiaeuiiai haunaele ana ma kaʻaoʻao hookahi o ke kino.

"Cerebellopontine huina" He ai pili aku kuleana pili i hanaʻia. Aia i loko o ka posterior fossa o ka puniu wale no, ka mea, o ka huina o ka uwapo, cerebellum a me ka medulla oblongata. Ma ka hanana o ka hikoko ma keia wahi e kaomi i ka kela pauku o kēia mau oihana.

Ma ka medulla oblongata e aia i ka mea nui ke ola-kākoʻo-oaio? A, i attaches maikai nui a hiki i keia oihana i loko o ka Central ko mākou hopohopo nenoaiu. Eia nō ka mea'ōnaehana mānowai koko a me ka ÷ naehana hanu-oaio? A. Ia mea ke kumu lilo nui (i nīnūnē), a oi loa aku hoi i ka wehe 'ana o ka medulla oblongata hiki aku ai i ka make ma muli o ka naehana hopu a me ka hoopau ana o aayoaeuiinoe o ka mea'ōnaehana mānowai koko nenoaiu.

Poino i ka pyramidal'āpana i alakai i kekahi mau hopena. Ua pau hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka nui o ka ino, a me ka manawa e ua hala hope o kona kumu. Ma na hihia a pau, i kēia mau lesions i kekahi kanaka loa lōlō i loko o kekahi a me nā pule.