Mihail Aleksandrovich Bakunin: Kawaihae, i ke kumu o manao

Mihail Aleksandrovich Bakunin o kekahi o ka loa poe akeakamai kaulana o ka 19th kenekulia. He ua he nui ole ma ke kahua o kēia anarchism. Kana mau hana i ua unuhi 'ia i loko o nā' ōlelo a me nā mea i pili i kēia lā. Poe akeakamai o kekahiʻike Panslavist. Hoikehonua, proponents pinepine i kapa ai i na hana o Mikhail Alexandrovich.

Kona manaʻo o Laielohelohe nui i komo o ka OkatobaʻOiʻenehana, a hoʻololi i ke ao nei ka wa pau ole. Ua mea maopopo leʻa i kekahi o nā kiʻi loa koʻikoʻi iwaena o Lūkini thinkers.

Wā kamaliʻi a me ka adolescence

Mihail Aleksandrovich Bakunin i hanau May 30, 1814 ma ka aina o Tver. Kona ohana ua waiwai nui iho la ia. I ka makuahine a me ka makua kāne, ua nui landowners me ka inoa o ke alii ko lakou. Ma waho aʻeo i ka Michael kaʻohana, he 9 hou keiki. Lākou maʻiʻo koi 'ia nunui dala i ua olelo o ka mea Bakunin. Mai noho 'ana kamaliʻi, Michael aʻo ma ka hale. I kona makahiki 15, i hoouna aku ai i ka kaua hana ia. Ma St. Petersburg,ʻo ia i hele ai i ka mea kaua aʻo. I ka makahiki o ka 19 o kona pii ana i ke kula no ka luna. Naʻe, i loko o ka hookahi makahiki ana i keʻehi mai, no ka mea, kīkoʻolā mai ai i ka ili. Mau makahiki opiopio Bakunin hoolilo ia i loko o ke kaua.

I ka 1835 haʻaleleʻo ia i ka hana, a neʻe akula i Moscow. Aia ike lea i ka mea kākau moʻolelo kaulana Stankevich. A puni keia manawa, e ka poʻe e ka Kelemānia akeakamai. Ua hoʻomaka e 'Imi makaikai i ka mōʻaukala a me ka sociology. He koke i ka entree i nā mea a pau i ka palapala, ai 'salons. Āna'ōlelo i hoʻokō me na 'elele o ka maikaʻi-ikeia ka pilina. Moscow Mikhail pinepine hele i ka makua waiwai, a ma St. Petersburg. Ka poe akeakamai o ka papa ua hoi ho onui nui hiʻona. I ka 1939, he mau makamaka, me Herzen.

emigration

I ka like o ka kālaiʻike Mihail Aleksandrovich Bakunin devotes, kokoke i kona manawa. Eia naʻe,ʻo ia ka mea i loaa o ko lākou mau a me ka maoli ola o ko lākou mau mākua 'kala. Ka ohana Aʻole i kākoʻo i ke ano o ka I Aloha Hawaii a me ka makemake Michael hoi aku la i ka waiwai, a me ka papa a hana ma laila. Aka hoi, i ka makua kāne mau hoouna dala i kana keiki. Michael pinepine ola ma ka lilo o ko lākou mau hoa, aɃe lōʻihi ma nā kanaka i ka home. He mea poeko i loko o Kelemānia. Ma ka palapala heluhelu o ka Classics o Kelemānia kālaiʻike. Ma na 1840s, e uku nui noonoo a hiki i ka hoʻokumuʻiaʻana o Hegel. He puu i kona manaʻo me ka hoa. He kākau i loko o kekahi Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo puke.

Hoʻohihi maoli me ka Kelemānia kālaiʻike hiki aku ai i ka mea e Michael ua hoʻoholo ihola i ka neʻeʻana i Pelelina e lilo hou kama'āina me kaʻikepili stratum o ka 'epekema. A puni keia manawa, na makai malu ike ia aia no he mea kekahi akeakamai - Mihail Aleksandrovich Bakunin. Kawaihae alodio kaukaualii e kamaʻilio awa me kaʻano o ka "unreliable hehee wale." Eia naʻe, he hoomaau Michael i ole i paku ole.

No ka hele ana a hiki i Pelelina ia i nele i ke kālā, a me ka nui. Mai ka loaa ana o kā lākou mau mea kākau i ole, ia huli mai ai i ka mea wale Loulou o - i kona makua kāne. E hana i kēia, i palapala mai ai i ka lōʻihi palapala, i maopopo 'ia nā pūʻulu mai i kona mau manao. Makua e haawi mai ae e hele, akā, e ole ai ia e līkaia kālā. Bakunin i ke noi i ka hoaie mai i kona hoa Herzen. He allocates He nui nui - 2000 rubles. Ano, i ke ana o ka hele ana a hiki i Germany ua lilo hou maoli.

Koke ma mua o kona hele ana, mai Michael ia lŘlŘ nei paha me Katkov mea kākau, i translates i loko o ke kaua. I ka wela ana o Bakunin ke kumu o ka hoa paio i ka Reuʻela,ʻo ia, akā, manaʻo maikaʻi o ka mea e hiki mai ana ka lā.

Ma Europa,

I ka 1940, Mihail Aleksandrovich Bakunin hele i Pelelina. Aia, ka mea, loaʻa he wahi lihi iki o ka hou hoalauna. Ninini i loko o koʻikoʻi a hanohano o reformers. Ka hapa nui o nā mea a pau āna i ua hoihoi i loko o ka akeakamai o Hegel. Russian poe akeakamai ikaika i loaa ma ka "Hegelian" laau palau. Michael kākau ma keʻano o Kelemānia nūpepa. A puni keia manawa, he pāʻewaʻewa o kona mau manao lilo nui "haʻalele". kakau iho la oia i kekahi mau hoʻokahuli aupuni palapala, i i lohe nui mahalo i waena o nā socialists likeʻole. Ma waho aʻeo i ka Kelemānia poe akeakamai ma ka pōʻai kaiapili Bakunin i hui pū Polish a me Lūkini nā meaʻeʻe moku. Mawaena o lakou ua Ivan Turgenev. Ma hope o ka makahiki kakaikahi ma Pelelina, halawai Michael me Marx, a me ka hiki mau manawa e manawalea.

hoʻokahuli aupuni ha awina

Ma hope o kekahi manawa, ua neʻe i ka poe akeakamai iā Paris, i kona wahi i pili loa hoʻokokoke mai i ka Polish intelligentsia. Ma kekahi o kaʻaha'ōlelo kākoʻo i ka pono o ka Polish kanaka i ka hoʻoponopono-paa.

Ma hope o ia, e lilo ia i hoike ia ma Rusia ia i hiki iaʻu ke hoʻi hope. Ma Paris Bakunin nana oi, a oi radicalized. Eia ka mea mea e pili i ka'ano'ē hema. Ma ka manaʻo koʻikoʻi o St. Petersburg Mikhail kipaku mai Palani. Soon, nae, o ka FebruaryʻOiʻenehana, mai hemo mai, a hoike i Bakunin.

Mihail Aleksandrovich o kāna mau hoʻolālā hana. Akā, no ka mea, o kona sweeping manao o ka hou aupuni hoʻoholo e kipaku i ka Lūkini alakaʻi i loko o Germany.

Ma hope iho o ia,ʻo ia i hele nui maʻEulopa. ʻOiaiʻo ia i loko o Palaka, publishes kekahi o kona pa-Slavic hana. Nō e noho paʻa ma Europe, akā, i ka MH 1851 ka mea i hele i ka tsarist makai, a deported i Rusia. Aiaʻo ia i ka hāhai manawa i loko o ka hale paʻahao, a hoʻokuewa wale 'ia. Eha makahiki o Mihail Aleksandrovich Bakunin noho ma Tomsk. A lailaʻo ia i mai e pakele ai i ka 'Enelani. Died June 19, 1876 ma Kuikilana, kahi āna i kanu.

Bakunin Mihail Aleksandrovich: XIX. Ideas

I ka papa kuhikuhiE manaʻo o ka Lūkini poe akeakamai ma muli o materialism. Mikhail Alexandrovich hiki ke wehewehe aku i "haʻalele" ideology. He manaoio aku ia E e loa luku i ke aupuni. Ma kona wahi, e kū mai i kekahi ano o ka hui ana o kekahi mau kaiaulu. E like me ia Bakunin, kēlā kaiaulu hiki hana loa kū kaʻawale. I ka mana o ka like. E like me ka Logical hopena o ia ka mea - i ka hooulu ana o ka ikaika nohona'ōnaehana a me ka AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN maomeka. Community i ka launa pū 'federally.

No ka pähola 'o ia i kekahi mea i loko o ke kaiāulu kanaka, a ua pinepine nema aku i ka lōpū socialists. I ko lakou manao, i ke kikowaena aupuni pono nei i ka loa hōʻole Bakunin Mihail Aleksandrovich. Nā manaʻo o ka lawelawe like, a me ka loina o ke kaiāulu a kamaʻilio i kapaia "anarhokollektivizm". Ma keia hihia, ka mea wale nō e hiki iaoiaeii ana e pili ana ia i ke kahua, e like me ka poe akeakamai, ua he kipi. E like me ka ka hoʻokukeʻana pūʻali koa noʻonoʻo i kaʻilihune Hoʻohana o ka heluna kanaka, e like me ka mea i wehewehe aku ma ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, a me ka hiki i ka mobilize. ka mea, ua hiki mai ka hoʻokahuli aupuni aupuni mai ka lalo papa.

Loiloi 'ana o communism

Bakunin nema aku Marx, a me kona kākoʻo i loko o ka pōʻaiapili o ka moku'āina.

He manaoio aku i ka dictatorship o ka proletariat e inevitably alakaʻi i ka usurpation o ka mana. Degeneration o revolutionaries i loko o ka hou papa o ka mea hoʻokaumaha i ka aoao maoli no o ka mea i manaoia nenoaiu e Marx. Eia naʻe,ʻo ia Mihail Aleksandrovich i aloha kuaiia, na hana o ka German poe akeakamai, a kakau iho la kino he mau maikaʻi nāʻana. Ma ka geopolitical poepoe ike aku la oia Austria, a Tureke like me ka papa kuhikuhi poe enemi o ka hana ka papa. He manaoio aku ia oe e anaiia mai i ke aupuni a pau ma ka mea e loaʻa ai ka holomua. Tureke a me Austria ua hoʻokaumaha na lahuikanaka he nui, i ka ua i ka papa kuhikuhiE pilikia i loko oʻEulopa, e like me Bakunin ka apono ia.

Pa-Slavism

Ma hoʻokuewa wale 'ia Bakunin nui noonoo ana i na pilikia o ka Slavs. Panslavist i kana mau hana iho la ia mea maʻEulopa. He manaoio aku i nā mea a pau Slavs pono e hui. Bakunin i i noonoo i kekahi kuokoa aupuni, e like me ka United Center. Ma ke kue, ka mea i manaoio aku i ka mea, ua pono e kūkulu i kekahi ano o ka Hui, kahi a pau i ka Slavic kanaka e like. No ke ku e ana i keia rula, oia ua pinepine nema aku i ke Aupuni o Austria a me Tureke. Kekahi uku hoʻolohe i ka Polish chauvinism. Hapa 'ia' loli i ka uaʻike manaʻo i loko o ka Russian aupuni a pau.

ukali i ka manaʻo nui

Bakunin Mihail Aleksandrovich he nui kona mau ukali a hiki i kēia lā. Holo nōhie ia mea he'ano'ē anarchists. Ka mea i loaʻa i ke ano o ka symbiosis ma waena o nā hana o Bakunin a me nā Lūkini theorist - Kropotkin. Loa pinepine marginalized subculture nānaina e hoohalike ai i ka poe akeakamai e pili ana i ka hana o ke kaiāulu pono, e lawe mai ana ia lakou a hiki i ka lae o ka absurdity.

Ma waho aʻeo i ka anarchist Bakunin a me ka hanohano i loko o nā pōʻai o nā "haʻalele". No ka laʻana, Marxists a me Neo-Bolsheviks mau haawiia i kana mau hana. Ka mea i ka Bolsheviks pili ana i ka manao o ka anarchist, hōʻike i ka palena iki 'ia paha o nā alanui o loko o ka hanohano o ka poe akeakamai. Ma ka puka e komo ai i ka Kremlin ma na kauoha o Lenin ua ia ia iho i ka palapala "Bakunin Mihail Aleksandrovich". Pōkole Kawaihae o Lūkini hoʻokahuli aupuni i komo i loko o ka muli o polokalamu o pili aupuni 'epekema institutes.