Monumental kiʻi kaula: ho'ākāka 'ana. Ka loa kaulana kia hoʻomanaʻo i ka panina, a Contemporary monumental kiʻi kaula

Monumental kiʻi kaula o kona kulana okoa mai 'ē aʻe like' ano o ke akamai. O ke kumu ho i ka mea i ka mea embodies ole wale i ka mea kākau o ka manao, akā, i ka manawa nui ma ka mōʻaukala, a me i piha manawa. Nō kāu, Ua hoʻouka 'ana i kēia mau kahua kahi e likeʻole hana i wahi, a, ma ka mea, ka mea, ua laʻa ia.

Oiai e nana ana i ka monumental sculptures Nānā Mea e hana puni. Ka mea ka mea, e like pena, kiʻi a me nā kia hoʻomanaʻo i, e nānā hou akuʻoia iʻo. Alaila, e hele a ike lea i ke akamai o ka pono, mai nā mea a pau viewpoints.

ka wehewehena

I kēia manawa, eia kekahi mau wehewehe o ke kiʻi kaula. Mua, ia mea he kia hoʻomanaʻo, stele, obelisk ai kekahi mea'ē aʻe i i kukulu ia no kekahi hana - e ka hoʻohanohanoʻana i ka hoomanao ana o ke kanaka i ua i ka puu o ka pono no ke kulanakauhale a me ka aina.

Ka lua, ia mea he kiʻi kaula hoʻolaʻa ai i nā hanana mōʻaukala. IeAUPIIe, IAa IO, ka mea, ua hoʻouka kekahi ma ka hope o ke kaua. Aia nā hihia wā kia hoʻomanaʻo i e kūkulu i loko o nā makahiki lā hoʻomanaʻo o ke kulanakauhale.

Ma maʻamau o ke ola o ka monumental kiʻi kaula - o kekahi kiʻi, a he nui Ana. Akā, i kēia ho'ākāka 'ana hiki ole ke kapa noiʻi, a hiki no nae ka mea, ai wahi.

I mea, o ka monumental kiʻi kaula o ka hana o ka oe i ua hoolaa ana i na hanana mōʻaukala. Ua hoi hiki ke kukulu ia i loko o ka hanohano o na personalities nui. Kona ano hiʻona mea he nui me ka unahiʻole, a me ka lokahi me ka puni kuhikuhipuʻuone.

Ke pale lohe ana ua noʻonoʻo i ka nui hoolohe mai. Mākou hiki ole ke olelo i ke kia hiki wale ia i kekahi kiʻi kaula me ka aka, malaila i e hou. I kekahi manawa, kūkulu piha hakakā minute me ke komo ana o kekahi mau personalities, pūpū, a no laila, ma luna o.

I ka moolelo o monumental kiʻi kaula

Ma Rusia, e like me nā mea a pau ma luna o ka honua no na kenekulia ka mea, e pono i ke akamai o ke kiʻi kaula. Mua, e like me ka lako e hoʻohana laau, alaila, o ka pohaku. I ka hoʻomaka o ka umi o ka kenekulia, ma Kiev he mea he hana mua o monumentalʻano. He He kokua no ka Virgin Hodegetria.

Akā, mai i manaoio i ka monumental a me ka Nani Loa kiʻi kaula nae hoʻomaka ma Kiev. Ka mea i ka Slavic haku aʻo i loko o ka Byzantine loea sculptors. A Byzantineʻano noʻonoʻo pono i mua o kona kulana mahalo.

Ka mua ano o monumental kiʻi kaula i laʻa,ʻaʻole kanaka mōʻaukala. Ka mea, personified i ke kaua ma waena o nā akua, Kau waihona o na kulanakauhale a me ka nahunahu hanau, a no laila, ma luna o. A wale he mau kenekulia, he kipi i loko o ke ao nei o ke akamai. Aia nō i nā kia hoʻomanaʻo i mua me ka i? Oaony e immortalize kanaka maoli? Ueony a e pili pono keia mau mea a pau ma luna o ka Honua.

Technology o? Iecaianoaaiiuo o monumental kiʻi kaula

Mua monumental sculptures e e hoʻouka kekahi ma ka wahi hoahu iho la no ka mea, he hailona o ka hana. Aia nō i ka helu o ka manufacturing i kūpono, akā, i loko o na kela mea keia mea o lakou. Ke kaʻina hana i wahi i ka 7 kapuwai:

1. Hana i kekahi sketch ma luna o ka pepa.
2. E pili ana i ka Kimia sketch, a e hoʻokū 'ia e ke kiʻi kaula, mai kekahi mau pana pua o Hawaii.
3. E pili ana i kekahi mea uuku kiʻi o ke kumu hoʻohālike o ka pahee mea. Nō kāu, keia ua hoʻohana plasticine. I ka hala ka mea, he mea hiki ole i ka ho'āʻo e sculpt he uuku kope, no laila, na sculptures a pau i i "e pono ai."
4. E pili ana i ka hana ÷, i loko o ka mea ana i helu a pau like ana, mai ia wahi uuku.
5. Helu ana i ka huliāmahi kēia i loko o ka hoʻokahi i kahi kūlike o kahua. Pinepine ua mālamaʻia sketches hou, akā, e lawe i ka mooolelo o ka hana i hana ai.
6. Noho hoʻomaka 'ana me ka mea. Kenimika sculptor kūkulu i kona wā e hiki mai hanaia'na.
7. I hope loa ana, pololeiʻiʻo nō ia o nā lāliʻi uuku e like me ka lauoho, mau maka, a me nā lehelehe'ē aʻe kihi.

Ke'ōlelo mai, no ka hanaia'na o ka uuku kiʻi e lawe makahiki a me ke ahiahi makahiki. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, e pono e noonoo i ka hailona o nā lāliʻi, e ho okumu i kekahi masterpiece.

mea? iecaianoaaiiuo

Monumental kiʻi kaula i ke i mai o kekahi mau mea. Oiaio ano akamai mea hiki ke hoʻohana i nā mea a pau āna i ma ka lima. Akā, ka hapanui o pinepine hoʻohana i nā kēia mau pono hana.

• Natural pohaku - pōhaku keʻokeʻo paha māpala. Ka mea mua e leie aku oe e hana softer laina a me nā hiʻona, akā, ia mea poorly ia kaua ke pale ona mau. Nolaila, e e waihoia ma ke alanui kiʻi māpala hoʻohana hou pinepine. Products kiʻi kālaiʻia mai o ka nui paala.
• ʻimi hoʻopunipuni pōhaku - he lua. Keia mea ua nininiia i loko o ka punahelu. Once ke kiʻi kaula ka maloo, e lilo ia i pau pau. Byʻano o nā huahana mai i ka oko ao nui mai ka kinikini a māpala, akā, ua nui ho'ēmi.
• Metal - keleawe, ke keleawe a me ke keleawe. Ke manufacturing papa hana like i ka muaʻano. Hoʻoheheʻe metala ua nininiʻia i loko o ka punahelu, a laila, hāʻawi aku ia manawa, e maloʻo.
• Gypsum. Kēia mea o ka easiest i sculptors. Mua, ua hui ka wai a me ka lepo, a laila, i nininiʻia ai ka kūpono ukuhiia iloko o ka punahelu. Na ka maloʻoʻana kaʻina i wahi koke, literally i loko o ka hapalua o ka hora.
• Tree. Ma keia hihia, kiʻi kaula i ke oki mai ka monolithic apana, a ma ka kanaka māhele e hana.

Ke koho ana o ka mea ua hoʻomōhala wale ma luna o ka makemake o ka sculptor, wale kēlā wā i kēia wā ka mea, ua koho e like me ka Customer olelo o ka huahana.

Kind o monumental sculptures

Monumental kiʻi kaula mea mana loa i loko o kona likeʻole ma. Oe ke alakai i ka hailona o examples mea e e pili me kēia nō. Eia naʻe, eia? Ueony no i ka mea, Mea Maluna Ke Ana Hoʻohālike he monumental:

• Memorial. Kēia kiʻi kaula, ma i kekahi e imi e hoʻomau i ka mea nāna i hana.
• Kapaau. Kēia kia hoʻomanaʻo, a ua hoʻolaʻa ai i nā hanana mōʻaukala a me na kii.
• Kiʻi - he kia hoʻomanaʻo hoʻolaʻa i ke kanaka.
• Stele - he vertical papa, i hanau i ka palapala kii a me ka pahi.
• Obelisk - he kia, iloko olaila o ka 4 maka i tapered keu.
• Monumental a me ka Nani Loa kiʻi kaula. Ua hanaʻia mau hana. Mua, ka mea a hoʻomau nō ka hanana a me kekahi kanaka. A me ka lua, Ua hana no laila, e like me ka pono i ke kaiapuni me ka lokahi me ia, i mea no ka mea hoʻonani.
• Triumphal kolamu, hoaka a me na puka pa ou. Mau mea nā hale i ua mālamaʻia i loko o ka hanohano o ka lanakila ma luna o kekahi, e pakele no ka hoʻoluhi hewa, a no laila, ma luna o.

He hiki ia ia ma ka keia manawa e e loea sculptors ka mea e lawe mai nā laha 'i loko o ka mau Mea Maluna. No laila, lawe kekahi i ka papa inoa hiki ia i ka manawa wale, ua hiki ole ke hoole mai kona Loaʻaʻia Recruitment.

examples

Ma kēlā me kēia aupuni, e aho rampant monumental kiʻi kaula. Ano he kumu hoʻohālike ke alakai loa. O ke kumu ho i ka mea i na moku'āina i kona iho mōʻaukala, kona nui minute o ko lākou nui na kanaka. A i kekahi, i ka ike i ka hanauna e hiki mai, kukulu kia hoʻomanaʻo i a me obelisks, kiʻi a me nā kia hoʻomanaʻo i, steles a me ka Palapala Hoopii e.

E like me ke kumu hoʻohālike Lūkini, noonoo he kia hoʻomanaʻo i Peter 1, Aia i loko o St. Petersburg. Great sculptor Falcone hana ma luna o ka mea no ka aneane 15 makahiki.

Oe E hoi e lohe i ke Alexandria kolamu. Ua Ua hoʻolaʻa i ka lanakila ma luna o Napoleon, akā, Alexander au kipaku aku kona kūkuluʻia. Naʻe, i ka Auguseto ka pua i manao ai he pono nō hoʻomau i kēiaʻano nui Lūkini mōʻaukala koke.

Mai haole monumental sculptures oe ke ike i ke kiʻi o Mareko ke Aurelius, ke aupuni 'o Roma. Kona mālama 'ana a hiki i keia la e e noʻonoʻo i ka nui holomua. Heheʻe ihola ka wā a pau i nā kiʻi Mark, keia kia hoʻomanaʻo i kēia he kiʻi loaʻa he loa okoa kanaka. I kēia lā, no laila, he mea hiki, e nana ma hope o ka hoihoi hou ia ana ka mea nana e like hou.

Ka keleawe hoʻoholo lio

I mea e hooko i ke kia hoʻomanaʻo i Peter 1, Ua kono Falcone i Rusia ma ka mea o Empress Ana II. Sculptor ma ia manawa ua ua elemakule lawa (50 makahiki) no ka nui-unahiʻole, i hana, ka mea i ole ai ia ia i loko o Farani. He ana ia ia iho, e hooko ana i na kauoha ma ka maʻamau mea kanu, no eia aʻe o ka nui papahana. A hiki aku i ke kono i hele mai,ʻaʻoleʻo ia i hiki pono i ka manaʻo. He hiki ia Rusia i koke me ia i hiki.

Falcone hoʻoili ma ka hana no 12 makahiki. Akā loa kū kaʻawale hooko kiʻi kaula ia i hiki ole ai wale i makemake ole ia. Head o ke kia hoʻomanaʻo i kāna haumāna, ka mea i hele pu me ia. A nahesa ma lalo o na wawae o ka lio, i ka i Lūkini sculptor.

Mai ka papahana ua loa ai nui, o ka haku i iʻae aku i ka ninini. A huli i nā malihini i ole financially mea hiki. Akā, laila, huli i Haylovu, ka mea i hooholo e ao aku Falcone, e kōkua ana iā ia me ka koho ana o kekahi laʻana a me huliāmahi.

It E e hoʻomaopopo i ka sculptor ua he kŘpa a uuku uku, akā,ʻo ia e hoʻokele me ke kōkua o ke keleawe, hoʻoholo lio, e hoʻomauʻia i wale i ka Lūkini Emperor, akā, no hoi lakou ia lakou iho. I kēia lā, kela kanaka keia kanaka hiki ke kiʻi ike i ke kiʻi kaula, ia mea i loko o ka lehulehu kikowaena ma St. Petersburg.

Kia hoʻomanaʻo o Mareko ke Aurelius

Aia nā sculptures, a he nui kona mau kenekulia. Kekahi o ia mea wale nō iʻikeʻia, mai palapala paha wahi e pili ana. Akā, hoʻokahi nō ola mai a hiki i kēia lā. He He kiʻi o Mareko ke Aurelius ma Roma.

I mau, ua nui like kiʻi. Naʻe, i loko o ka Middle Ages ka mea, i nā mea a pau, hehee iho ilalo ma ka likeʻole ma o ka pono keia mau mea huahana mai keleawe. Equestrian kiʻi o Mareko ke Aurelius hoolaia wale no o ka hewa. Ka mea e ia i hookahuli ai i ke kiʻi o Emperor Constantine ka Nui.

Ma ka pakebona kia i mālama ai ma o ka 'elele hāpana. He nui sculptors, me tālena a me ke ahiahi, ano akamai o Donatello, huli ae la ia ia ia, hilinaʻi ma luna ona.

Alexander kolamu

Alexander kolamuʻikeʻia i loko o ka pāhana koke ma hope o ka pio ana o Napoleon. Naʻe, i ka Auguseto i i kākoʻo i ka manaʻo, no ka mea, ua uku, a me ka hoomaikai palapala i loko o ka hanohano o Alexander I, i i hoopii ai ia ia. E hana ma ka obelisk hoʻi i kāpiliʻia.

Hope, ka wā Karl Rossi hana i loko o ka manao o ka General Staff,ʻo ia ke hakuloli i ka kuhikuhipuʻuone ma lalo o ka Alexander kolamu. No laila, i ka 1829 ma Rotehama au, aohe i waeʻia akā, eʻae i ka papahana. Eia naʻe, i kona ulu ia i waiho ole Rossi a me Montferrand.

Alexander kolamu Ua i kaʻulaʻula māpala. Kona luna ua hoʻonaniʻia me ka anela. Ua ho i ka mea kiekie loa triumphal kolamu i loko o ke ao nei. A me kona hanohano nō hoʻi hiʻona mea i lalo ka mea, aole he kumu a me ka wahie kilo. Ua paʻa wale nō i ke aloha i ka pololei i ka ho omaulia.

Ke kukulu ana o ka Admiralty

Ka hale o ka Admiralty ma St. Petersburg i lawe mai e like me na Nails o Peter I., i lilo ai i ke kūkuluʻana i ka 1704. Ma hope o 7 makahiki ma ka waena konu o ka hale mea helehelena, hale kiai, spire e hoonani i ka uuku waapa.

Ke kukulu ana o ka Admiralty ma St. Petersburg nei kekahi o na kumu nui hale o ke kulanakauhale. O ke kumu ho i ka mea i nui alanui ekolu intersect me ia. Main mea helehelena ma luna o ka lōʻihi o ka 407 mau mika. Nearby ka mea, he sculptural mea hoʻonani, i ka loaʻa o kekahi mau kiʻi a me nā kolamu.

ka hopena

Hehe, nui i wahi ma ka no o ka hana ana i ka monumental kiʻi kaula. Photos o na triumphal poʻe kiʻi, kiʻi a me kia hoʻomanaʻo i Ua wehi i ka 'aoʻao o na mea he nui moʻolelo puke. Kekahi sculptures i loko o kekahi i hoiliili ole, akā, hiki mai ka manawa i ka manawa hōʻike i nā hōʻike. Eia naʻe, no ka mea, o ka hapanui loa o nā kia hoʻomanaʻo i nā mea a pau aia ma luna o ke kūlanakauhale alanui, a me kela kanaka keia kanaka ke heluhelu ia no ka noa.