Nā palapala li'ili'i ki'eki'e: nā kānāwai laulā

'O ka'ae a me nā leka lalo nā palapala i ho'ohana'ia i kēlā me kēia lā no ka kākau'ana. 'O ka mua,'o ia ka penikala nui (nui), a'o ka lua ma lalo o kona nui (li'ili'i).

He hapa o ka mo'aukala

Initially hoʻohana wale ka wā kākau paukü palapala, ma i ka palena (luna, a malalo) e maopopo hoakaka. Ma hope o ka manawa, ua kūkulu'ia ka kākau'ana i nā kākau, a ua loa'a i nā leka kekahi puka i kā'ei'ia. 'O nā kumu o ka palapala kākau ha'aha'a o Carolingians, i kūkulu'ia e ka mea'epekema'o Alquin, ala a'ela. Ua ho'ohana lākou ma ka pā hale o Charlemagne, a ma ka manawa lō'ihi, ua ho'olaha'ia kēia leka ma'Eulopa. No laila no ka manawa mua i ho'omaka ai ka waihona kikokikona i lalo a me nā leka ki'eki'e.

Uppercase a me nā leka lalo

'O ka ho'ohana'ana i nā'eneke a me nā leka lalo iho kekahi o nā pilikia pa'akikī o nā hua'ōlelo Lūkini hou. 'O ka ho'ololi pinepine o nā mea maoli e pili ana i ka ho'ololi'ana i ka hua'ōlelo o kēia mau leka. No laila, he mea pono e ho'omau mau i nā puke hou o nā puke kūmole a me nā puke wehewehe'ōlelo, a he mea pono e no'ono'o i nā'ano hou like'ole.

Akā,'oiai, eia nā kumuhana o ka ho'ohana'ana i nā leka me nā palapala ha'aha'a. Kōkua lākou e ho'omaopopo i ka kākau'ana i nā leka nui a me nā li'ili'i,'oiai inā e nalowale kekahi hua'ōlelo i loko o ka puke wehewehe'ōlelo.

Nā'ōlelo ho'ohana o nā leka waiwai

Ua kākau'ia nā palapala ki'eki'e:

• 'O ka hua'ōlelo mua e kū nei i ka ho'omaka'ana o ka ho'oponopono a me ka'ōlelo;
• He inoa, he patronymic, he inoa, he inoa a he pseudonym (Maxim Gorky, Serafim Sarovsky);
• 'O ka inoa o ka holoholona (Ingvar dog, Borka bear, Cat Vaska);
• 'O kahi kanaka ma'amau ka mea hana e like me ka mo'olelo (Little Red Riding Hood);
• 'O kahi inoa'āina honua (Europe);
• 'O kahi inoa inoa, ka inoa o nā po'o, nā'oihana, nā inoa e haku i ka inoa'āina (Sosnovi Bor);
• 'O ka hua'ōlelo lawelawe ma ka ho'omaka'ana o ka inoa'āina (Los Angeles);
• kanaka Astronomical inoa (Mercury, nō hoʻi, i ka Hawaiian kea);
• 'O nā hua'ōlelo a pau i kapa'ia nā inoa o nā hui politika, nā'oihana, nā'ahahui, nā'oihana'ē a'e, koe na'e ka po'e luna (ka UN Security Council, ka 'Aha Kūkākūkā, ka Pā'ani Pā'ani Pā'ani);
• 'O nā hua'ōlelo a pau e ho'okau'ia ana i nā inoa inoa o nā moku'āina (Repubalika Republic, Repubalika Republic);
• 'O ka hua'ōlelo mua o nā inoa o nā'oihana ahupua'a a me nā mea ho'okipa (Moscow Operetta Theatre);
• Nā inoa o nā inoa ki'eki'e a me nā kūlana ki'eki'e, e hō'ike'ia ana ma nā palapala aupuni (Pelekikena Pelekikena o ka Russian Federation, Pelekikena o'Amelika Hui Pū'Ia);
• Nā inoa o nā hanana a me nā hui (ka manawa o Revival, ka Renaissance, ka hui o Iulai);
• Nā hua'ōlelo ma ka ho'omaka'ana o nā inoa: Central, State, All-Russian, International, Russian, World (International Monetary Bank);
• 'O nā'ōlelo Homeland, Homeland, Man, Hope, Wisdom, Center, a me nā mea'ē a'e, i loko o kahi ho'ohana ma'amau;
• 'O ke kūkā'ōlelo (a) he'ano ho'omalu maika'i'oe;
• Nā inoa o nā puke pule, nā lā hau'oli o ka hale pule (ka Bible, Easter, Trinity);
• Nā pō'ino, i hana'ia mai ko lākou inoa pono'ī (United Nations - UN);
• possessive haʻiʻano (i ka nīnau "nona?"), i loaʻa i ke kau hope - ma, Female (-ev), a i hanaʻia mai ka pono a me ka inoa kapakapa o ka holoholona (Fedina puke, Raphael ka Madonna, Ulysses ka hele ana);
• 'O ka inoa o ka mo'olelo kākau, nā'enepili hō'ike, a me ka po'e paipalapala, a pono e hō'ailona'ia lākou me nā hua'ōlelo ('o ka puke "Crime and Punishment");
• Nā inoa a me nā pōkeleke o nā inoa o nā hō'ailona hana o nā huahana pono'ī ("Volga", ZIL);
• Nā inoa o kēlā me kēia inoa o nā mokulele, nā moku, nā moku (ka moku "Titanic").

Nā leka no ka ho'ohana'ana i nā leka ha'aha'a

Kuhi'ia kahi leka ha'aha'a inā he mea ia:

• 'atikala, prepositions, (particles) ma Western inoa a me ka pono inoa (Ludwig bato Beethoven);
• Nā inoa pilikino e ho'ā'o ana i kahi pahuhopu o ka loiloi'ele'ele a i'ole ka maika'i'ole (nā pohō hou i puka'ia);
• Nouns i hana'ia mai nā inoa inoa a me nā inoa pilikino (Oblomovism);
• Nā māhele o ka Turkic a me nā inoa o Arabic, e hō'ike ana i kahi pilina a pilina paha (al, zade, bey, aga);
• Nā inoa o nā mea ana i kaupaona, i hā'awi'ia e ka inoa o ka'epekema (ampere);
• 'O ka honua, ka mahina, ka lā,'a'ole i'ike'ia nā inoa astronomical;
• ka haʻiʻano i loaʻa ka -sk- kau hope denoting mea kalaima i hana mai kupono inoa (Cechʻaoʻao);
• Nā inoa a me nā kūlana (Hope Kuhina, Luna Nui);
• Nā pō'ino, i hana'ia mai nā inoa like'ole (ke kula ki'eki'e a'e.

Eia nō ho'i ka palapala lalo loa i kākau'ia ma nā inoa:

• 'O nā wā'au a me nā manawa o ka'āina, nā ahupua'a archaeological a me nā eras (Mesozoic era);
• Nā memo a me nā inoa, nā hui kaiaulu, a me nā'oihana i koho'ia e ke aupuni'ē a'e ('o ka mō'ī o Iapana, Major-General, Ambassador);
• Nā Luna Nui o ka Hui (Lāhui o Rusia);
• Nā mea kanu o nā holoholona (dog keeshond);
• 'O nā kula i kapa'ole'ia ko lākou inoa iho (kula No. 592).

Nā kumuhana no ka ho'ohana'ana i nā ha'aha'a ha'aha'a a me nā pane

Ma hope o ke a'o'ana i nā rula o luna nei, hiki iā'oe ke ho'oka'awale i nā kumuhana ma luna o ke kumu e ho'ohana'ia ai nā leka ha'aha'a a me luna. No laila:

• 'O ke koho'ana o nā māhele kiko'ī o nā hua'ōlelo (kikokikona) he'ōlelo ho'opuka.
• Ke koho'ana i kekahi mau hua'ōlelo ma ka kikokikona:

1) Na lower-case letter ua kākau i loko o ka na ka haʻiinoa, capitalized - i kupono inoa - morphological rula.

2) Ke kākau'ia nei ka penikala ma nā inoa o ka inoa, i hā'awi'ia me kahi hō'ailona kūikawā paha (Man, Makualand), ma nā inoa o nā lā ho'omaha (Kahiki Hou, Lā lanakila) - ka'ōlelo ho'omana'o.

3) Ke ho'ohana'ia nei kahi leka kāleka i nā ho'opau'ia'ana o nā huapalapala mua.

Pono pono e'ike

E like me ua oleloia, ka mea, ua palapala ia ma lowercase adjective i pihaʻi me -sk- kau hope denoting affiliation a me ka hoʻonaʻauao ma luna o lākou iho no. No laila, ua kākau'ia'o "Pushkin prose" i kahi palapala li'ili'i. Akā, i ka possessive haʻiʻano me ke kau hope -sk- o ka nui o ka hanohano o kekahi kanaka i ka hoomanao ana, ua kākauʻia me ka kapikala palapala. Eia kekahi la'ana, "Lomonosov heluhelu".

'Ōlelo: lalo a me nā leka ki'eki'e

I ka pili'ana i ka ulu wikiwiki o ka'enehana'ikepili, ka laulaha nui o ka papahana Microsoft Office Word, kahi mea kokoke loa i ka hana a me ka ho'ona'auao. Akā ua'ike ka po'e'u'uku i ka hana'ana i nā leka ha'aha'a mai nā huapalapala po'o a me ka'āpono ma ka pā'ani ho'okahi o kekahi mau kī.

No laila, e kākau ma nā pane nui i kēia mau hua'ōlelo:

"KA LETTERS STRETCH OF ALPHABET RUSSIKA".

E koho i kēia kikokikona a pēhi i nā kī Schift a me F3 i ka manawa like. Ma hope o kēlā, e loa'a iā mākou:

"Kākau i nā leka o ka huapalapala Lūkini".

Ma hope o ka ho'omau pinepine i ka hui'ana o kēia mau kī, loa'a iā mākou kēia mau mea:

"Kākau ha'aha'a o nā Lūkini Lūkini".

A no ka ho'i i ka kikokikona kikokikona, pono'oe e kāomi hou iā Schift + F3.