'O Greenland Polar Shark: hō'ike, nā hi'ohi'ona a me nā mea hoihoi

'O Greenland Polar Shark ka mea hō'ike nui loa o ka Katrana, no ka genus Somniosidae. Ua pili ia i ka cartilaginous iʻa, a i ole i hoʻomano hoomaopopo.

Habitat

'O kēia ka mākiko makamae o nā'ohana a pau, e makemake ana i ka mahana o ka wai ma ka laulā o 1 a 12 ° C. Selachians wahi uhi i ke kukulu akau o ka Moana Pākīpika, ka Arctic Ocean a me ka loaʻa o ka Scandinavian aina e, ke USA, Canada, Rusia,'Āina Hao a me Hawaii. 'O ka Greenland Polar Shark (somniosus microcephalus) e noho nei ma kahi ākea ākea - mai ka papa'āina a me ka papa kuhi i 2000 m a'oi aku. I ke kauwela e'ike pinepine'ia ma ka hohonu 200-500 m, ai ka wā ho'omaha ke kokoke loa i ka papakū. Hana ia i nā diurnal a me ka ne'e'ana o ka wā, i ho'oholo'ia e ka ne'e'ana o ka papa honua a me nā mea li'ili'i e mālama i kāna mea'ai.

Ke'ano

'O ka Greenland Polar Shark kahi iono i ka nui ma hope o ka ke'oke'o, a hiki i ka 8 mau mika i ka lō'ihi a'oi aku i kahi o'elua tone. Akā, 4 m ka nui o ka nui o nā kānaka he nui, a he kaumaha 800 ke kaumaha.

'O kona kino he'ano ho'omāmā like'ole. He'u'uku ke po'o i ka pili pili i ke kino holo'oko'a. Aia ka waha o ka mea koho ma lalo. He ākea a me ka mālie nā jaws. 'O ka lalo i piha i nā niho kūkeke, a'o ka luna i'ōpū me nā niho niho. 'A'ole pi'i ke kiekie o kēlā a me nā mea'ē a'e ma mua o 7 mm. 'O ke'ano heterocercal, he'oko'a - ākea a li'ili'i ma ka nui.

He pena ke kino o ka Selachium mai ka'ō'ele'ele a aneane'ele'ele, i kekahi manawa me kahi'ōma'oma'u'ōma'oma'o. Aia nā'ōni'oma'o'ele'ele'ele'ele ma luna o ke kino. 'O nā maka o ka manō he mea li'ili'i,'ōma'oma'o, me ka uhi'ole o ka membrane. Hiki iā lākou ke'ālohilohi i ka pouli, i ho'ākāka'ia e ka hō'ili'ili'ana i nā coplodines bioluminescent, parasitic ma kahi e pili ana i nā maka o kēia kanaka nui.

Nā'ano o ka hanana

He ulu nui nui ka'ōpū o Greenland pola,'oi aku i ka 20% o ke kaumaha o ke kino. Hana kēia kino i ka'oihana o kahi lana'ē a'e.

Ho'opiha piha'ia nā'ili kilokilo me ka amonia a me ka'aila oxidelamine. 'O nā mea pū i ho'opili i ka ho'okahe o ke koko, mālama i ka mana hana o nā mea ho'omalu a me ka papa hana mau o nā hanu olala ma nā'ano o ke kūkulu'ākau. He mau waiwai i toxins, nae mano ole wale mai i ka mea inaina ono, akā, i hiki ke alakai i kaʻapu kōheoheo - ma lalo o ka hana ana o gastric wai trimetilaminoksid hoohuliia i ka trimethylamine, i kumu no ka hopena o ka waiʻona. Ke kali nei ka'ōmiko urinary i ka manō, no laila ua hele ka hua o ka'oihana ola ma o ka'ili.

Kūlana'ia kēia mau holoholona ma ka nui o ka nui a me ka lohi. 'O ka wikiwiki o ka holo'ana he mea li'ili'i loa -'a'ole i'oi aku ka mile'oi aku ma ka hora. Loa'a kēia ma ka'oia'i'o, e noho ana i loko o nā wai anuanu,'o ka nui o ka ikaika o ke kauhale e noho ma ka ho'omehana'ana i kona kino pono'ī. He holoholona lō'ihi ka Greenland Polar Shark ma waena o nā lālā o ka honua holoholona. I kona ho'okumu'ia'ana,'o ka no'ono'o ola'ana a hiki i ka 500 mau makahiki.

Ka lako hana

'O ka nui nui, ka li'ili'i o ka holo'ana a me ka li'ili'i o ka Selaxia e pili nui i ka mea e'ai ai ka manō Greenland. He lohi'o ia, mālie me ke'ano hopohopo'ole, no laila ke nānā pinepine nei'o ia i nā ma'i moe, ma'i a nāwaliwali paha, a pēlā, e hopu iā lākou. Ke kumu nuiʻai ninoieo o ke aloha scum, carrion a me nā holoholona liʻiliʻi, e like me'iʻa, flounder, kai nui uila,ʻAiʻAi, pāpaʻi, hee, stingray. I loko o ka'ōpū o kēia mau mea ho'olale'ale, ua'ike'ia i ke kele, ke alani, ke koena o ke kuapa'a a me nā pola pola. Hiki i ka'ala o ka'ōpoki'āpala ke ki'i aku i nā manō'o Greenland, no laila, loa'a pinepine lākou i nā moku lawai'a.

Ka hana hou

Ke kū nei kēia manawa i ka hopena o ka puna. 'O kēiaxia e pili ana i nā holoholona ola manu - huahua i nā hua i nele i ka nui o 8 cm i loko o loko. No ho'okahi o ka mea ho'oulu,'o ka Greenland shark ka mea i hana i nā keiki he'umikumamālua me ka nui o 90 cm ka nui. Ua loa'a i ka wahine nā kaha hānau ke hiki lākou i ka 150 mau makahiki,'o ka lō'ihi i ia manawa he 4.5 m, i ke kāne he emi - 3 m.

Ka pilina me ke kanaka

'O ka pola (po'o ka piko) shark he mea kū'oko'a. 'A'ohe mea e'imi ana,'o ke'enemi wale nō he kanaka. 'O kēia mau manō he mea ia e lawai'a ai no ke ake, i ho'ohana'ia e nā kānaka no ka loa'a'ana o nā momona lapa'au i nā huaora. Ua hā'awi'ia'o Greenland pola shark i ke kūlana o "Kū kokoke i kahi wahi kūpono". Ke nānā pono nei kēia'ano i nā hui kaiaulu,'oiai ke emi nei ka nui o nā mano i kēlā me kēia makahiki no ka hapa o ka ho'opau'ana.

E like me ka mea i'ōlelo'ia ma luna, he mea'ele'a loa ka'i'o o ke kūlanakauhale, no ka nui o ka Urea a me ka TMAO. Akā, ua a'o nā kama'āina o ke kūkulu'ākau i ka hana'ana iā ia no ka'ai'ana a me ka hānai'ana i nā mea'ai - ka hana'ana a me ka lapalapa hiki'ole ke pale i nā toxins. 'O Icelanders, nā mamo a Vikings nani, e ho'omākaukau i kahi'āpana'āina ma'a mau. 'O ka hana o ka mano i kēia lā e hana'ia ana ma nā'āina'ē a'e. He kū'oko'a loa ia me ka ikaika'ole. I ka mea kupaianaha, he loea nui, i hopu'ia ma ka mea kikowaena, hana maika'i loa. Mana'o kekahi po'e lawai'a e pili ana kēia mau kai moana i nā mea'eha - no ka hao wale'ana a me ka luku'ana i ka i'a.

'O nā hopena o nā manō pola ma luna o nā kānaka, he laulā loa, no ka mea, ma nā wahi anuanu kahi e noho ai lākou, ua li'ili'i loa ka hālāwai kūpono. Eia na'e, ua'ike'ia kekahi hihia i ka manawa i lilo ai ka'ōle'a o Greenland i kumu no ka pi'i'ana o kahi hui ma luna o ka wai.

Nā mea hoihoi

I kēia lā, e like me nā'ike he nui, ua'ike'ia'o ka Greenland pola shark ka loiloi mua loa ma ka honua. Eia na'e, no ka ho'okumu'ana i kēia'ano,'o ka holomua o nā mea'epekema. 'O ka'oia'i'o,'o ka hapa nui o nā'ano i ho'ohana'ia no ka ho'okumu'ana i ka makahiki o ka holoholona,'a'ole ia e pili i ka māla pola. 'A'ole ia e ho'okumu i kahi papa o ka carboncium carbonate i loko o nā pepeiao, e ho'oholo ai i ka makahiki o ka nui o nā i'a; He palupalu ka vertebrae o ke kūlanakauhale, e like me paraffin, ka mea'a'ole e'ae iā'oe e ho'oholo i ke ola ma muli o ka ulu'ana o nā mīkini lima.

Ua ho'oholo'ia nā makahiki o nā manō pola e nā mea ho'omalu i waenakonu o nā maka o ka maka. Ho'oulu ia i ke ola, a ua hana'ia kona mau protein i ka manawa o ka ulu'ana o ka'ōpū. Radiocarbon Ka Ikepili ae mai, e hooholo i ke ola ana o ka maʻiʻo o ka kalapona-14 kālaiōewe, i mai ai ma hope o ka ho'āʻo ma kēia o'ātoma hopeʻia. 'O kekahi o nā manō i a'o'ia e ka po'e akamai he 392 mau makahiki. E no'ono'o ana i ka hemahema o ke ka'ina hana radiocarbon e ho'okolokolo ai, ua ho'okumu'ia e hiki i nā manō pola ke ola a hiki i 500 mau makahiki. Ua ho'ākāka'ia kēia lō'ihi ma ka'ike'ana o nā hana ola nui a pau i ka wai anuanu e lō'ihi ka lō'ihi ma mua o ka mea o nā mānela wela o kēia'ohana.