Pehea e e caramel wahie: koe ma ka anu u alakai

A mau makahiki aku nei, i ka wa a na kanaka i raved pokoleʻimi loa i ka lewa, rocketry Hobby ua pau i ka huhu. A me na haumana, a me ka makua kane enthusiastically kūkulu i? A, eooie kükohu rockets mai ka hamoʻia lako. Ano, hoonaukiuki keia he wahi moe, akā, mea hiki e oi leʻaleʻa ma mua e holo i kona mau mokulele i loko o ka lewa? Pehea la e hiki ai e ka rocket lele? Ka loa affordable a me ka mea hiki - hoʻohana 'caramel wahie, he läÿau, o ka'amoniuma nitrate a me ka carbohydrate.

He aha kou makemake

He poʻe o nā eiiiiiaiou mea,ʻaʻole no ka nui.

1. Kauhale a sorbitol - ka maka mea no ka caramelization.

2.'amoniuma nitrate ( 'oe ke hoʻohana i ka okoa, oi e pili ana i keia ma lalo nei).

3. Metal ipu - i hookuu lawe i ka mau la e hiki ai, naʻe ia mea e ahoʻia, e lawe i nā ipu me ka manoanoa pā pōhaku - no ka oiʻaʻahu paio hahana maoli nō. O maikaʻi - enamel a kuhiliʻole kila, e pale aku i ka naoh pāʻoihana me ka tableware kiʻi.

4. uila kapuahi - sayings i wahie ma luna o ke kinoea kapuahi hiki ole e!

5. Na pepa 'ole' ē aʻe pepa e impregnate (ina kou pahu hopu - hana i pono wahie caramel a me ka Lau ka pepa). Ua ua i hoʻohana 'ia i loko o rocket kiko'ī, impregnating pau, "caramel" a maloʻo ana (me ka paio hahana maoli nō).

6. hoomalu: goggles a me Loan.

7. hoʻokomo ea.

Ekolu manufacturing hana

E caramel wahie hiki e okoa. Na easiest - wale hui na nā mea hoʻohui. Kekahi "caramel" kukeʻana - na mea a ke omoāea. I kaʻike mau hui pu iaʻi i wahie nininiʻia i loko o ke aniani ipu, a naueue ae la kekahi mau manawa, laila i hoailonaia e ole ka wai omo. Me ka pololei hana i loko o ka kiko'ī o keia ano keia ano o ka wahie E e pono sila Kao lele lako kaua, ai ole i ka pilikia o ka Naita.

Cook, a he oiaio, ua maule iho la wahie caramel i ka wela o 120-145 degere mua piha hou 'a me ke kahua o ke kō nuipa a ma ka hana mau i like i ke kinowai semolina. No ka hana ho'āla nā mea hoʻohui mai i pono ai i ka. ʻO nui, e komo i loko o ke alanui, o ka mea i hana ea Oe. Heheʻe komo ai ke omoāea me ka hou o ka wai me ka hope omoāea. Keakea o keia iaoia: ka wahie noho wai, a me ka mea ho'ēmi i kā ka uku o kona'ā.

Beauty № 1

Caramel wahie mai potasiuma nitrate (potasiuma nitrate) - ka maikaʻi loa koho. e lawe nā mea hoʻohui i loko o ka hahai huliāmahi: kō 'ole sorbitol - 35%; nitrate - 65%. Nitrate maloo ma luna o kekahi i lalo pā nui ma kahi o 100-150 degere, elua no hora. A laila, wili no ma kahi o 20 kekona - ia mea hiki ke hoʻohana papa wiliʻai, a me ke kope grinder.

Waiho like wale i kaʻai i nā huna 50. I mea ole, e bother me ka wili o ke kōpaʻa, ia mea maikaʻi, e kuai i hoomakaukau-i icing kōpaʻa. No ka mea "moa" a caramel wahie pilikino pepe, i ka maloʻoʻana ua pono. E hoomahuahua i ka hoʻokōʻana, hiki ke hou i ka läÿau, o ka 1% hao'okesaside (Fe ₂ O _3).

Beauty № 2

Caramel wahie mai ka paʻakai nitrate. Hiʻona o keia läÿau, - ia mea oi hygroscopic. Ka mea, e lawe 70% o ka'amoniuma nitrate, 30% kō, a me nā puke o ka wai (200%).

Beauty № 3

E ho ohana ia ua ole paipai. Kēia caramel wahie 'amoniuma nitrate ('amoniuma nitrate). No ke aha ka mea maikaʻi nō ia e lohe i nā ideas? No ka mea, o ka poe hui, a me ka paio hahana maoli nō ka mea e hiki ke hele hewa. E like me ka hopena o ka mea e hanaʻi, e hoʻoneʻe 'ia paha e kekahi kala ma ke ahi!

Eia hou, i ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o "caramel" o ka'amoniuma nitrate e anao? Aou loaʻawahia fumes. No laila, a pau ideas hoʻohana'amoniuma nitrate pihaʻi me nā eiiiiiaiou e hoohuli ia i loko o ka paʻakai a potasiuma. Ke easiest ala kēia me ka paʻakai. E 40%'amoniuma nitrate, 45% o ka (baking soda) a me ka 200% ka wai. 'Ōlelo Aʻo i ka kinowai' ilikai a evaporated a hiki ole ammonia ala nalo. A laila, hui ka wai a hiki i ka loiloi mua 'ilikai (ka mea, ua hapa' ia 'vaporized), hui aku 15% kō, a kali oe ia wa ka mea, hoike mai.

catalysts

E hoomahuahua i ka laulā o ka "caramel" mea hou likeʻole catalysts. The loa kaulana - hao'okesaside. Emi maopopo caramel wahie me ka Aluminum. Aʻo! Aluminum nitrate läÿau, e ignite ma ke alo o ka wai. Pakahi aku la ia mea imua o kekahi mekala 'åkilikai impurities i i e noho i loko o ka nitrate, maemae lawa ole i kū kaʻawale. No laila, i ka wahie ma luna o ke kumu o ka Aluminum nitrate like me ka hōʻeleu ua koi 'ia e hoʻokomo 0.5-1% o kekahi nāwaliwaliʻakika, a me ka ole o ka mea i keia helu, e lawa, - ka mea hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka mea e like ai o ka nitrate. Boric - ka mea maikaʻi loa koho. Oxalicʻakika a aceticʻakika mea i kupono - Aluminum reacts me ia. Inā i ka imu kaʻina Kapikoowākea i ka läÿau, hua, a hoʻokuʻu akula i ka pungentʻala o ka ammonia - pono e koke lawe ia mai na nā kile, a bapetizo i loko o ka wai.

Nui, i ka hoʻokolohua me ka maikaʻi catalysts ua hoano e raketostroitelyam ka poe i E ke Kumu i ka simplest ke ano o ka wahie. A aʻo kekahi kemika e ole ole: hoʻohana hoomakaukau-i'ōlelo aʻo ka mea, akā, e mea nui oi waiwai ma mua o kaʻike a me ka naʻauao o ka mea e huli hana, a me ka mea reactions lawe wahi i loko o ka läÿau,.

Aluminum ua hou a hiki i ka potasiuma, "caramel". Aeia mai likeʻole - mai 2,5 a hiki i 20%. Nā Mea Likeʻole haawi okoa ka nui o ka loli ana i ka wahie ahi kōmi. ? Aeiiaiaiaaia e hoʻohana i ka spherical Aluminum ASD-4.

Pehea e noho palekana, a ola

Ka noho pilikia loa wahie e kuke caramel ma ka hauneneʻe kō a me ka nitrate, akā, i kēia koho, a me ka loa lākou huahana. Nona iho ma a ke kahu "caramel", pono e wahi aku me ka maemae - haole mea hiki i ke ahi.

Nearby aole loa no auanei he hamama lapalapa ahi - Naita me ia i loko o ka lumi kuke mākou e ole e pono ai. He nui ke kanaka hoʻoponopono i ka wela o ka läÿau, - ma luna o 180 ka mea, e ole e hoalaia mai ma lalo o kekahi noho ana!

I ka hookonokono ana mea maikaʻi, e hoʻohana i ka laau koʻokoʻo, e pale aku adverse reactions. Ālai ia 'E e loa akahele, akā, i nā: Air Oe i loko o ka hoʻopau' ana i wahie hoʻohana alakai i ka Naita o ka rocket. I ka wa e hoopiha mai ana i keia wahie i loko o ka palapala i pono, e mālama pono ana i ka loaʻa nā ole Oe. Hana pono e kau ai ma ka wehe ea, o ka oi aku i loko o ka beauty me ka'amoniuma nitrate.

Mai wili ae la i ke kō a me ka nitrate ma ka mea wili palaoa a pau! Mau hea e wili ae la kaawale, i kawili pu ia ma ka haʻaluluʻana i loko o ke aniani ipu.

Malihini, e ole ana mai iaʻu i ka'amoniuma nitrate, mua ho'āʻo i ka simplest a loa ka makau ole (ma luna o ka muli o potasiuma nitrate) Caramel wahie. E hoolilo ana i kekahi homemade wahie e lawe wahi ma lalo o ke akahele hooponopono ana o ka pono o nā mea hoʻohui, wela, ona mau maʻiʻo, a me kaʻaeʻana i nā mea a pau ua malu loa ana!

Where e kiʻi i nā nā mea hoʻohui

Nitrate ua kuai lilo aku la i ka pōʻeleʻele loa a me ka oihana o ka mahiʻai muli o ka ho'āʻo no truckers i mea hoʻomomona. Sorbitol - he kōpaʻa pani no diabetics. Kuai lilo aku, niioaaonoaaiii, i loko o ka hale kūʻai lāʻau lapaʻau. Fe ₂ O ₃ - hao'okesaside - mua kuai ma lalo o ka inoa "ulaula hao'okesaside". Oe ke ho'āʻo e hana ia iho ma o ka pili moʻokalaleo. Mea pōhaku hematite - ka ia hao'okesaside. Aluminum ua kuai ma Manufacturers o Nine Inch.