Phone SIM kāleka: ka mea

SIM kāleka - he mea i mea he mea kūʻai pono'ī Module. He noniakahi kaapuni ua papahana no ka palekana pūnaewele lumi hoʻonohonoho 'lawe lima mea kūʻai' ike (IMSI) a pili ki i ua hoʻohana no ka 'ike a me ka hōʻoiaʻikepili pilikino o nā mea kūʻai mai i loko o ka lawe lima telephony manaʻo (e laʻa me, lawe lima helu kelepona a me nā kamepiula' ē aʻe). E hiki no hoi hoahu e kelepona i ka 'ike i loko o na mea he nui SIM-pepa.

SIM pepa i mau hoʻohana 'ia ma luna o GSM kaul no CDMA manao ona mea e pono ai hou i ka LTE-hana maʻalahi manaʻo wale no. Ka mea hiki ke hoʻohana pū i ukali kaul.

SIM-kāleka ka hapa o ka hana o ka paʻa noniakahi huakai kaapuni a (UICC), a ua ana i o PVC me noniakahi hui 'ana a me ka semiconductors. SIM-kāleka, he mea i ua nānā 'ana i ka' enehana kikohoʻe, hiki ke hoʻouna iʻikepili ma waena o kekahi lawe lima manaʻo.

SIM-kāleka kikowaena:

• He kū hoʻokahi pūkaʻina helu (ICCID);
• aupuni Mobile hōʻike no (IMSI);
• hōʻoiaʻikepili pilikino a me ka encryption;
• manawa ike i ka kūloko 'āpana latike;
• i ka papa inoa o nā lawelawe i ka i ka mea hoʻohana ke kōkua o;
• lima kūlana kiʻekiʻe kelepona SIM kāleka i ua mau kamaʻilio: Personal ka helu hōʻike (PIN) no ka maʻamau pono, a me ka pilikino unblocking code (ka PUK) e wehe paha i ka PIN.

Mōʻaukala a me ka manawa i ka makeke

Initially SIM waihona, ua ho'ākāka 'ia ma ka' Eulopa kele'ōlelo Standards Institute ma ka hoakaka TS 11,11 ka helu e hōʻike ana i ke kino ai a me ka Logical waiwai o ka SIM kāleka. Me UMTS kūpono 'ana o ka hoakaka hana i ua hapa' ia 'hoololiia i ka 3GPP.

Mua o ka SIM-kāleka? Ac? I loko o ka makahiki 1991 ma ka Munich Hookah o akamai pepa Giesecke & Devrient, ka mea i kuai lilo aku la i ka mua 300 kope o ka Pinilana nā pūnaewele Aʻole Radiolinja.

inactivation

Ma na palapala 'aelike "uku-hele" oe, e pono i kekahi manawa hoʻohana i ka prepayment i mea e pale aku i ka pau o ka mooolelo hana. Kēia manawa hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka mea ulana pukapuka Aʻole, akā, ua nānā 'ana ma ke au o na malama ekolu. Kēia mea ma muli o kekahi manawa, i ka mea i SIM-kāleka mea AEeOEXAaI ma ka mea ulana pukapuka.

kakau ana

Ka hapanui o nā'āina a me nā 'ana, koi' ike e haʻalele i ka hana, akā, ma laila nō kekahi hewa, e like me Hong Kong SAR.

Pehea e holo ai ka SIM kāleka kelepona?

No ka SIM-pepa he ekolu e hana ana i anakahi uila: 5V, 3V a me 1.8V pae'ōnaehana anakahi uila o ka hapa nui "simok", holo a hiki i 1998, ua 5 V. Ka hana hope pepa i hana maʻalahi me 3 V a me 5 V. Hoikehonua, nui kākoʻo 5 V, 3 V a me ka 1.8 V.

ʻikepili

Ma SIM-pepa waiho waho aʻeo ka hoʻolele 'ike hoʻohana i maopopo. A kuhikuhi i nā mea kūʻai mai ma luna o ka mea ulana pukapuka. Ka loa nui o kēia mau mea i ka ICCID, IMSI, hōʻoiaʻikepili pilikino Key (Ki), kūloko 'āpana hōʻike no (LAI) a me ka helu o ka pilikia kahea Aʻole.

SIM kāleka, a ka mea ua ma muli o ka manaʻo kekahi hale kūʻai nā ikepili, ke kaumaha ma muli o ka Aʻole, e like me ka hana kikowaena helu o pōkole memo (SMS ServiceServiceName), i ka inoa o ka mea hana pūnaewele (SPN), lumi hana helu (SDN), kiko'î Advanceofcharge a me ka noi waiwai i hoʻohuiʻia (VAS).

SIM-kāleka hiki e lako i nā ikepili nui like 'ole mai ka 8 a hiki i ma ka liʻiliʻi loa 256 KB. A pau o ia ae oe, e hoahu i kekahi i kā mākou o 250 hui 'ana, akā, inā he mea he mana o ka 32 KB makahiki no ka 33 lawe lima ulana pukapuka, nā loina (MNC) a me "ka mea ulana pukapuka hōʻike no ke", heʻano o ka 64 KB o ka hihia no ka 80 MNC. Kēia 'inideka Ua hoʻohana' ia ma ka mea ulana pukapuka, ana, e hoahu nā lātike, a uaʻano nui hoʻohana 'ia ka wā o ka SIM mea,ʻaʻole i loko o kou hale ulana pukapuka, a me ka roaming. He aha ke ano o ia ka mea kelepona SIM kāleka?

Ke Aʻole, i kuu "SIM kāleka" hiki ke hana ia e hoʻohui i kou kelepona i ka pahuhopu i ka mea ulana pukapuka, e hoʻohana i ka mea maikaʻi kalepa berita no ka loiloi mua latike huakai. 'aʻole i kēia manaʻo i ke kelepona i loaʻa i ka SIM keia, hiki ke pili ia mai i ka 33 paha latike 80, a' o ia hoʻi wale i ka SIM-kāleka issuer hiki wale kuhikuhi a hiki i keia dala o ka he makemake ko latike. Inā ka "SIM" i waho o ka he makemake ko latike, ia e hoʻohana i ka mua a me ka mea maikaʻi loa i loaʻa kekahi.

ICCID

Kēlā me kēia SIM-kāleka ua hōʻike 'ia ma kūwaho hoʻi kiʻekiʻe ma luna o ka hōʻike o ka noniakahi huakai kaapuni (ICCID). ICCID waiho ma luna o ka SIM kāleka, e like me kii a paiia ma ka AEeAaOA iloko o ka personalization kaʻina.

ICCID ua nānā 'ana i ka hoike o ITU-T E.118 helu like me ka helu. Konaʻia ua ma muli o ka ISO / IEC 7812. E like me ka E.118 helu hiki e mai i ka 22 huahelu me ke kaha huahelu mau hōʻailona i ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka Luhn algorithm. Naʻe, i ka GSM pae 1 hoakakaia me ka ICCID lōʻihi 10 octets (20 huahelu) me ka ho'ākāka 'ole o ka Aʻole.

International Mobile mea kūʻai 'ike (IMSI)

SIM-kāleka i hōʻike 'ia ma kanaka aʻeo ka hoʻolele' ana ma kekahi kūlana hoʻonohonoho 'lawe lima mea kūʻai' ike (IMSI). Ana o Mobile pukapuka i pili i ka lawe lima kelepona kelepona 'a me ka haawi aku i ko lakou SIM-pepa ma ke kuai a me kona IMSI. Lākou aʻe format.

Ka muaʻekolu huahelu ho i ka Mobile Country Code (MCC).

Na aʻeʻelua, aʻekolu huahelu i ka lawe lima mea ulana pukapuka code (MNC). huahelu-Ekolu MNC nā loina aeia E.212, akā, eʻano nui ia i loko o kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia a me Canada.

ʻO kēia mau huahelu ho i ka lawe lima mea kūʻai 'ike helu (MSIN). IeAUPIIe, IAa IO ia mea 10 huahelu, akā, i ke kumukuai, e e emi ma mua i loko o ka hihia o ka huahelu-ekolu MNC a ina ka hōʻike na rula i ka huina o ka loa o ka IMSI pono e emi malalo o 15 huahelu. A pau o kēia mau huahelu lauwili mai ka aina i ke aupuni, no laila, loaʻa paha e oko ao ma ke ala hoonohonoho SIM kāleka. Ke ano o ka ia hae, a me ka hola, ka mea wale oko ao ua ike ia ma ka hoʻopaʻa 'ike.

Ke hōʻoiaʻikepili pilikino ki (Ki)

Kni - He he 128-iki waiwai i ua hoʻohana 'ia e maopopo i ka SIM-pepa ma ka GSM lawe lima ulana pukapuka, (ulana pukapuka, USIM oe nō pono ke Ki, akā, e pono nā mea kiko'î). Ma kēlā me kēia SIM-kāleka hale kūʻai i nā hana Ki, ia ma ka Aʻole i ka personalization kaʻina. Kēia AOAIAaOO i waiho ia ma ka hōkeoʻikepili (i kapaʻia ai ka hōʻoiaʻikepili pilikino oaio, a AuC) i loko o ka hana pūnaewele i ulanaʻia.

Pehea e holo ai ka SIM kāleka me ka malamalama o ka luna? Ua Ua papahana i loko o ia ke ala like e hōʻalo ai i ka noho Ki me ka akamai kāleka mau '. Akā, i ka SIM-kāleka hoʻolako i ke kuleana pili i "Start GSM-algorithm", e leie aku ka kelepona e hoʻoleleʻikepili i ka "SIM kāleka", a pono e kakauinoa me Ki. He mea pono ina Ki hiki ole ke wehe i ka manaʻo o ka e hoʻohana ana i ka SIM kāleka mai ka SIM-kāleka paha Aʻole makemake e? Anoe i kēia koho. Ma ka hana pono, i ka GSM encryption algorithm no ka helu ana SRES_2 (e nānā. Kai 4 lalo) o ke Ki loaʻa kekahi vulnerabilities i hiki ae loaa ana o keia nui a me ka "SIM pepa" a hana i kekahiʻia i kekahi SIM-kāleka.

Ka hōʻoiaʻikepili pilikino kaʻina

A hiki i ka lawe lima ipu ua hoʻomaka ', e loaʻa i ka hoʻonohonoho' lawe lima paha, ka 'mea kūʻai (IMSI) SIM-kāleka, a hoouna mai ia i ka lawe lima Aʻole noi ka hookipaia a me ka hōʻoiaʻikepili pilikino. Mobile lako a hiki ke hoʻouna i ka PIN-code ma ka SIM kāleka mua ka mea, e wehe i ka ike.

'Ike o ka wahi āpana

SIM hale kūʻai mea ulana pukapuka, moku'āina hōʻike, i ka mea i loaa mai i ka henua āpana wahine paha, (LAI). Aʻeo ka hoʻolele 'ana i mahele ia i wahi mau mea, kela mea keia mea o ka i mai kekahi hanana LAI helu. A hiki aku ka mea hoʻololi wahi, ka mea hale kūʻai i ka hou LAI ma ka SIM-kāleka, a hoouna ia hoʻi i ka mea ulana pukapuka, i ka Aʻole i ka i ka mea hou henua. Inā ka mea hana cyclically, ka mea e extract i ka 'ikepili mai ka "sims" a huli i ka mea mua LAI. Ma keia mau hana a me kekahi mau pilikia a me ka SIM kāleka.

SMS-memo a me nā hui 'ana

Loa SIM-pepa, e ka paʻamau e hoahu i kekahi dala o ke SMS-memo a me kelepona puke hui 'ana. Hoʻokaʻaʻike i waiho ai i loko o na mea hui "ka inoa a me ka helu": mooolelo i pihaʻi mau kelepona helu a me ka hou kelepona nui ka mea, IeAUPIIe, IAa IO i waiho waho ma luna o laila. Oia na kumu i ka SIM kāleka noonoo. Hoʻokaʻaʻike hiki ke hoolaia mea i kaupalena '. No ka laʻana, ka wā i kekahi mea hoʻohana UOAAaOON e kope i na mooolelo ma ka "SIM kāleka" kelepona lako polokalamu i hookaawale ia i loko o kekahi mau mooolelo, i kāpaeʻia i kekahi 'ike i mea ole i ka helu kelepona.

Helu o ka hoolaia hui 'ana a me nā memo hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka SIM-kāleka. I Ke Ana Hoʻohālike, e hoahu i kekahi huina o ka memo elima a me 20 E leka pepa ana ke kālā no SIM pepa hiki IeAUPIIe, IAa IO hoahu oi ma mua o 250 'ikamu.

SIM kāleka: o ka manaʻo a me ka hulu

Over o ka makahiki, i ka ulu ana o SIM-kāleka ua lilo uuku, a me kā lākou functionality mea i kalele iho ma luna o ka waihona. No ka piha-nui "Simcoe" ukali ia e ka ieie-SIM, anakahi iki-SIM, a Nano-SIM. I kēia mau lā ka mea, ua i kūkuluʻia i loko o ka noonoo o kanaka.

Full-nui SIM-kāleka

Full-nui SIM kāleka (a 1FF, 1st palapala ololi) ua ka mua ano ololi. Ka mea, i ka nui o ka aie kāleka (85,60 × 53,98 × 0,76 mm). Ma hope, uuku "sims" ua pinepine kuai i piha-nui i kukulu ia-ma ka palapala, mai i ka mea hiki ke pahu.

Mini-SIM

Map ieie-SIM (a 2FF) i ka ia hui 'hoʻoponoponoʻana o Kamehameha me ka piha-pepa paia SIM kāleka, a me ka i ana lako i loko o ka piha-nui mea hoʻopili pili ana i huiiaʻi me nā lālā. Kēia noaia apono 'kona hoʻohana ma o ka nakeke, a e noi ana piha kāleka, a ma ka manaʻo, e noi ana i ka ieie-SIM-kāleka (ma hope o rupture o ai pili aku oihana mua). Mai ka piha-loa "Simca" ua hou ia, kekahi kanaka kūʻai aku kapa i kēia palapala ololi hae a regular SIM-kāleka.

Anakahi iki-SIM

Map anakahi iki-SIM (ole 3FF) i ka ia mānoanoa, a me ka wahi o ka hui 'ana, akā, ka mea, ua kapa hoʻohanohano ma ka liʻiliʻi loa a me ka laula.

Anakahi iki-SIM waihona i hoʻolauna ma ka Europa kele'ōlelo Standards Institute (ETSI) no ka mea hoʻonoho ma ka maalea, e hiki, ua ikaika uuku i ka ieie-SIM-kāleka. Palapala ololi Ua olelo ia i loko o ka 3GPP SMG9 UMTS e hana ana pae, i ka ke kino i ka haʻina puke maʻamau, no ka GSM SIM-kāleka, ma December 1998, a me ka a laila hooholo ma ka hope o 2003.

Anakahi iki-SIM i ua papahana no ka hope hoʻokaulike. I ka papa kuhikuhiE pilikia i ka papa kahi o ka? Inoaia. E hoola i ka mea ia hui 'āpana E ho oku ui ke anakahi iki-SIM e e hana maʻalahi me ka mea mua, nui ka mea heluhelu SIM-pepa ma ka hoʻohana' ana i ea notches. Ke i hoʻomākaukauʻia nō hoʻi ke hoʻololi i ka hana ma ka ia māmā (5 MHz) e like me ka mea mua mana. Ua like ka nui a me kaʻoihana o ka hui 'ana alakai aku i na mea he nui Aʻo Hoʻohanohano, a me YouTube wikiō me ka piha ao ma luna pehea e oki i ka ieie-SIM-kāleka i loko o ke anakahi iki-SIM nui. Eia naʻe, i kekahi hana ma ka hale i kekahi manawa e alakai ai i ka mea e like me ka hopena o ka SIM kāleka 'aʻole i like loa me ka mea ole hoi e lapuwale.

Nano-SIM

Map Nano-SIM (ole 4FF) Ua hooku iho la ia October 11, 2012, i ka wa a ka lawe lima hana pūnaewele i loko o kekahi aina i hoomaka ai e hoolako ia no kaul e kākoʻo i kēia waihona. Nano-SIM i Ana o 12,3 × 8,8 × 0,67 mm o, a emi ka mua waihona a hiki i ka papa kahi, oiai e malama ana na hana. A uuku Park o hō'īpale mea i koe a puni o ka papa kahi, e pale aku pokole wahi i puhi ai. Nano-SIM i ka mānoanoa o ka 0,67 mm o hoʻohālike au i 0,76 mm o loko o kona mua. 4FF kāleka hiki ke waiho i loko o ka mea hoʻopili no ka hoʻohana me ka manao maalea papahana no SIM-pepa 2FF a 3FF, a me keia i thinner, akā, he nui kelepona poe mai e waiho aku ia.

IPhone 5, nolaila ia i kuu ia ma September 2012, ua ka mua mea i hoʻohana ho'ā 'SIM pepa Nano, a i ukali ia e nā kaul.

Ka mai ana mai hou hanauna o ka SIM pepa i kapaia o ESIM ole eSIM (embeddedSIM), a mea he noniakahi pili-replaceable? Inoaia i loko o ka KEIKI-8 AEeAaOA - soldered pololei i ka huakai kaapuni papa. Ka mea, e hiki e ke M2M a kākou komo i ka SIM-kāleka.