Pōkole Kawaihae a Gorky, i mea he mea no ka mahalo

I ka 1869, March 14, ma Nizhny Novgorod i hanau mea kākau, nona ka Alia - Maxim Gorky. Currently ka mea, o ka inoa o Aleksey Maksimovich Peshkov.

Gorky: Kawaihae, he manawa pōkole mōʻaukala o ke ola ana o ka hana hoihoi kanaka

He nalowale i kona mau makua loa i kakahiaka nui, no laila, kuʻu wā kamaliʻi a me ka wa kamalii a pau e noho ana me kona kupunakane Kashirinym Vasiliem. make kona kupuna kāne ia Alex i 19, ma hope i ka wā e hiki mai kākau moʻolelo hele aku, e hele i Rusia, ka makemake e 'imi i ka manaʻo nui e ho okumu ana i hana hoihoi nā moʻolelo.

wa opiopio mea kākau

Kawaihae no Maxim Gorky, me ka pono me ke ola, ka loa eiiieaena. Ma hope o kākau inoa 'oe i loko o ke kula, ma hope o 2 makahiki, oia i haʻakoi e papa mai. O ke kumu ho i ka make ka makuahine, a me ka piha hiolo ana o kona kupuna kāne. Ma hope iho o ia, ua lilo i ka wā e hiki mai kākau moʻolelo i cobbler hana i loko o ka unuhi Workshop a makaikai i iconography. Ma mahope makahiki, ho'āʻo a pau, e hoʻi i ke kula i ka 'ole. Ana ole i loko o ke ola o ka aneane alakai aku ai i ka mea i ka mea, aneane pepehi ia ia iho. Kawaihae no Maxim Gorky i loko o kona wā'ōpiopio, a me ka olelo o ka umekaumaha o ka i unbearable. Over na makahikiʻo ia i ike i ka puu o ka hele a me ka hana ana ma loaʻokoʻa i nā wahi.

I ka makahiki o ka auwana a auwana, oia ua hiki no ka ike lea i ka mea kākau moʻolelo Korolenko, i kokua mai, e hoʻoikaika i ka hana o M. Gorky. I ka moʻolelo mua o Alexeiʻikeʻia i loko o ka nūpepa "Caucasus", ka mea i kapaia o "haku ai Chudra". No laila, ma ka 24, kākau i hele mai i ka ike i ka poʻe ma lalo o ka pseudonym o Maxim Gorky.

Ke kūlana o V. Korolenko i loko o ka mea kākau moʻolelo o ka ola

Mai ka 1892 Kawaihae o Gorky hoomaka ae la e hoʻomōhala nui aku holomua. Mai ia manawa, me kona poe hope, a mentor ua Korolenko. He kōkua i loko o ka puke o ka mahope moʻolelo o Maxim. I Vladimir Galaktionovich haawi aku ia ia i'ōlelo aʻo, a hai aku la i ka mea kākau i loko o nā hana hoʻopuka puke hale. Mai ka makahiki 1893 a hiki i 1895 makahiki i paʻiʻia aku ma mua o ehiku moʻolelo Gorky. A pau o ia i mua paiia ma ka Volga ahakanaka.

Ma hope iho o ka puke o ke Kawaihae o moʻolelo M. Gorky loaa i ka hou 'ana: hele aku la ia i kekahi mau' oihana i loko o ka "Samara nupepa", i i paʻiʻia i kela la i loko o ka mahele "i ke ala." Eia ua pololei ka peni inoa ia i pūlima Jegudiel chlamydia. Ua paʻi ia ka puke mua ( "(essay) a me Bay"), i i kākau i loko o nā puke, ka wā Maxim i ua 30 makahiki. A ua makemake nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni, no laila, Gorky hoomaka kākau "Foma Gordeyev" puke. I ia manawa, ua lilo iho la i ike kākau moʻolelo:ʻo ia ia e ike i kekahi o nā kākau maikaʻi a me ka pono-ike o ka manawa.

Next Gorky hele aku la i ka hana keaka, a kakau iho la elua o ka loa kaulana hana keaka - "ko Pilisetia" a me "Ka Lower hohonu", i loaa ka pomaikai unusually nui, akā, i ka mea ia manawa, kena ae la ka helehelena o Anati-aupuni lehulehu. Awaawa Ua pinepine ae la oia, ua hopuia, a hoouna aku la i ka paa, oia ua no hoi kekahi o ka K'lauea i komo i loko o ka hoʻokahuli aupuni neʻeʻana. I ka 1905, ka mea kākau moʻolelo i halepaahao no eono mahina no, ua hea aku ma luna o na kanaka, e hookahuli ae i ke aupuni. Akā,ʻo ia i hookuu ia no ka puʻe mai kaiāulu. Kekahi o ka loa "scandalous" o Gorky o ka puke "makuahine", i i kākau i loko o 1906, ma ka waenakonu o ke kipi.

Ma hope iho o ka puke o ka moʻolelo Maxim ehiku makahiki ana i noho i loko oʻEulopa. Ma hope o ia, i ka 1913, oia hoi i Rusia, a palapala iho la i ka puu o ka hana hoihoi hana. Ma hope o ka kipi, kona 'oihana aku i. Mai ka makahiki 1934 a hiki i 1936 ka Maxim Gorky alakai i ka Union o kākau o ka Soviet Union. Mea kākau i make i loko o 68 makahiki, ua ola ka 'ano waiwai a me ka hana hoihoi ola.