Tatar ASSR: ho okumu a me ka mōʻaukala

Neʻe maila i loko o ka mokuna o kēia Tatarstan hoomaka iho la ma kahi o 90.000 makahiki aku nei, a me ka mōʻaukala o ka Tatar lāhui pūʻulu i oi ma mua o ke kakini kenekulia. Iloko o keia manawa, no ka Tatar State i wahi ma kekahi mau kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao o? Acaeoey: mai ka Volga Pulakalia a hiki i ka lehulehu medieval khanate, ka koʻikoʻi loa, 'elele o i i ka Zolotaya Orda.

Ma ka manawa o ke kahua o kēia Tatarstan kakau ana i auou caiaiai me Turkic runes i Cyrillic. Tatar helu i loko o ka palena hope i waho Tatar ASSR ua maluna iho o 1.5 miliona kanaka. O ka poe manaoio i ka Tatar hana nona iho Soviet Socialist Repubalika - he aina ia e e pono ke ike i ka mōʻaukala o kona ho okumu a me ka ulu ana. E mai lawe i ka nana aku i ka hala a me ka ike ana i ka auaaeaiea o na republics hoomaka ma ke Soviet Union.

I ka wā o ka Tatar hana nona iho Soviet Socialist Repubalika i hana?

Bolsheviks i hoʻokokōhiʻia i loko o no ke aupuni, ke keʻena a me ka hoʻohana 'ana i nā hiʻona i ka Hana ana me ke aupuni i ke aupuni a papa hana. Ma hope iho o ke kukuluia'na o ka Soviet mana ma Kazan ma November 1917, i ka hooponopono ana o ka mea opiopio aina, e noonoo ma ka hanaia'na o ke Tatar Repubalika.

Ma Ianuali 1920, he makahiki kakaikahi ma hope o ka Bolsheviks hele mai la i ka mana, i ka Politburo kākoʻo i ke kahua o ka Tatar Repubalika. A iki ma hope, i ka Central Hoʻokō Komite kūkala i ka manao paa o Mei 27, 1920, i kukuluia i ka hou kū kaʻawale, a hoakaka i ka 'ole o ka nakeke o ka moku'āina ka mana i loko o ka wā e hiki mai Repubalika. Ka mea, ua pono, e hana i ka CEC, a i manao e lawe i ke koho ana o lunakanawai i ka kūloko Aha, a me ka 'Aha o People ka Commissars.

Repubalika Day o Education

Lepupalika Day i ke kahua o ka 25 June 1920, ka wā o ka hooko kōmike o Kazan i kona mana o ke alakaʻi, a haawi mai la o ko lākou manawa revkomitetu Tatar ASSR, i ua e hoomakaukau i ke kumu no ka hanaia'na o ka Constituent Ahaolelo Lahui o Soviets.

Ka inoa "Tatar hana nona iho Soviet Socialist Repubalika" Ua i, a paa i loko o nā palapala kūhelu ma hope o nā makahiki, ka wā ma ka pau ana o December 1922 Ua hoʻokumuʻia ka Soviet Union. Puhi iho i hana Tatar ASSR o ka Volga māhele lilo kekahi o na wahi a me ka loa kokololio papa hana.

Ka hookahakaha o ka hoʻokumuʻo o ka Tatar Repubalika

Tatar hana nona iho Soviet Socialist Repubalika i hoʻokumu i loko o nā makahiki e makau ai o ka puu hua palaoa kaumaha a me ka una hoʻololi ai i loko o ka 'ole o ka Lūkini moku'āina. ua nui loa ka loli, a me ka nānā aku o ka Tatar Repubalika June 25 ka 20th o ka hope kenekulia i kekahi o ia mau mea.

Ma ka Ewa o 18 June, ka Politburo i hooholoia ka olelo hooholo, aole wale i ke kahua o ka Tatar Soviet Repubalika, akā, i ka pono ma ka pili ana me ka manao no ka hang ulu. Loko lāʻelua o ka Kazan Executive Komite papaʻaina, a ua aponoia ka noaia no na hang, i komo pū i ke kūpono 'ana o ke kia hoʻomanaʻo i ka hoolea ana i ke kipi ana o ka Tatar kanaka Mulanuru Vakhitov a me ka lepe puke National Kino. Keia Manawa i hookama i no ka hoʻolālā o ka parade, a me ka puunaue ana o rations i ka heluna kanaka listen.

Eia hoi, ma June 25 hope ami halawai ana o ka 'Aha o Kazan me na kino o ka aoao a me ka kalepa hui mana, ma a ka moku'āina Komite ua ulele ka mana e kahu ai i ka māhele' āina hoʻokahuli aupuni Komite. i hoomakaukau no ka hookahakaha, ua ma ka makehewa. Kazan i hoʻokohu 'like me ka kapikala o ka lānai hou i hana mai i Repubalika, i hoʻonaniʻia, a i ka aha lealea Look. Ka mea, ua leʻaleʻa - poʻe hao wale e paʻa ana i ka parade, hana - ka Poaono.

Day o ka Lepupalika kuhikuhi mai ikaika akuʻoe e like me ka hiki, a me nā localities o ka māhele 'āina. Bugulma Ua kaha maha ma ka parade o ka poʻe koa hoʻonohoʻia i loko o ke kūlanakauhale. I Chistopol a Tetyushi 'aloʻahia i ka nui o ka nui o na halawai lehulehu a me nā hōʻike, a i mālamaʻia e ka hapanui o ka hoʻokiwikā heluna. Paha makemake, akā, nana i ike i?

Ma ka malama ana me ka Soviet i waha, ka hoʻomakaʻana kekahi, mai ia mau manawa a hiki i ke Komite loaa hookipa ana a me ka hoike mahalo i telegrams mai hana.

Tatar ASSR: wahi a me na kulanakauhale

Kauia revkomitetom Kuleana e paa ana i ka ia kenekoa mahele, a ho'ākāka 'ia i nā palena o Tatarstan. pili kēia i ka haku mele 'ana o ka repubalika i manao ia e like me ke aupuni ke keʻena. Teritori hui na counties me ka Tatar heluna kanaka, mua pū i loko o nā'āina. E ho ohana i aneiai ana hoʻohālike, TASSR mokuna hiki ke maheleia i na kēia mau mea:

• Predvolzhsky.
• South-Hawaiian, a North-Hawaiian Zakamye.
• Western māhū-Kama māhele 'āina.
• Western a Hawaiian Predkame.
• Akau-komohana.

Ka muli a me ka ulu ana o kaʻaila kā, Nine Inch a me ka ikehu na hana a pau i ka maikaʻi? Aneiai aʻe, a i manao ai i ka Tatar ASSR. repubalika sprawling kulanakauhale. i ke kaʻina hana o ke kūkulu hou kūlanakauhale a me nā kauhale i ee mai ka ulu i loko o ka hana-papa ka heluna nuʻa a me ka ulu ana. Ikea, a kupu kulanakauhale e like Naberezhnye Chelny, Elabuga, Leninogorsk.

Ka loio i ke kūlana o ka repubalika

Tatar ASSR ua moku'āina-loio kūlana o ka i pili paa o May 27, 1920. Kona oihana hapa o ka RSFSR hai mai i ka manao, e hookupaa nui ae i kūlike nō ma waena o nā mea a pau o nā republics, like hoʻi me keʻano papa hana o ka mahele ana i ka waiwai a me ka oaoieei kumu waiwai i waena o nā māhele'āina, mai ka mau waihona waiwai. Ua hai mai i ka mana, e ke kiaʻana i kāna i loko o nā lima o nā hana a me nā kauwa. Mai mahope hanana, ua ike no ia mea, ua he maikai, akā,ʻaʻole i ka 'ole-paa slogan ka aoao ma ka mana.

Ka 'ole o ke aupuni me ka Regional ahalunakanawai, i ka CEC a me ka' Aha o People ka Commissars. By People ka Commissariats ua nui kū kaʻawale ma ka hana, a e paha i ka Central Executive Komite. Ka oihana koa poepoe Ua pio ka polokalamu ma ka malama ana i ka Tatar Commissariat.

Kuwaho a kuai noho ma lalo o ke kuleana o kikowaena aupuni nā hale.

Ka hanaia'na o ka hana nona iho Aupuni

Kanu'ōiwi nā moku'āina mana kū kaʻawale i hua mai la i kulike ai me ke Kumukanawai i loko o ka USSR. o ka hoonohoia'na o na lala o ke aupuni, mai ka 'Aha o People ka Commissars koho ia i loko o ka Tatar hana nona iho Soviet Socialist Repubalika, ka Central Executive Komite, a me ka helu o kūloko wale, e kuka.

Ke kumu o ka mana i hoʻomākaukauʻia commissariats i ka hoohuoi ana a pau na wahi o ka'ōnaehana.

• Kalaiaina.
• Kālā.
• Mahiai.
• Hoʻomāʻikeʻike wale.
• Health a me ka pomaikai.
• Lunakanawai.

Kekahi o kēia mau Komisina e hono ana o ke aupuni pekelala aupuni, kekahi hoopaa kū kaʻawale ma ka hoʻoholo a me ka hana. Hope e pili ana i ka People ka Commissars o ka Tatar Repubalika, ka hoʻolālā noho luna ma commissariats loko o ka poepoe o ka aoao o ka repubalika.

AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN me ka RSFSR

Ma ka loiloi mua kahua o ka hale ana ma waena o ka RSFSR, a me ka hana nona iho republics o ke aupuni pekelala aupuni ho'āʻo e hoonohonoho hana kūleʻa Lako hale a ma ke kumu o ka Institute. I ka wa a ka Central Executive Komite a November 6, 1920 ho'āʻo o 'elele o Tatarstan, i i ua hoopau a me kona oihana a me ka mana, hoomaka ae la e lawe mai e hoohalike ai o ka People ka Commissariat no Nationalities.

Mai makahiki 1924, i ka Institute hoomaka kona hana i ka hoohalike o nā mea a pau i hana i ka manawa o ka aina republics i loko o ka presidium o ka Central Executive Komite. Ma ka rula ma luna o Tattorgpredstavitelstve? Ac? Aneiai a me ka waiwai ana.

Laulā o Tatarstan e hoohalike ai hana ia i kaupalena 'ia ka hoʻokele waiwai. Kū kaʻawale a me ka pekelala Aupuni kōkua 'ana ma luna o ka laulā huahelu o nīnūnē ka heluna i ka kaiapili-moʻomeheu, ka manaʻo politika a me nā aupuni Ana. No i kekahi i loko o kekahi kanalua i ka mea o ka Tatar hana nona iho Soviet Socialist Repubalika - he Russian, ua hoomaka lakou i ka helu o ka hana. Hana nona iho Repubalika o? Aiiui i ka 1938, hoohana i ka olelo hooholo helu 2575, e hoʻopau e hoohalike ai o Tatarstan ma Moscow.

Ke komo 'ana o ka Tatar Repubalika i loko o ka Great Patriotic War

kaua manawa no ka mea a pau aina ua pilikia, a no ka maluhiluhi. Ka mea, ua i koe, a me ka Tatar ASSR. Iloko o ka Nui Patriotic Kaua o ke kane heluna i mobilized e repel i ka aggressor. I ka hoomaka ana o ke kaua, ua hoololiia ka hapanui o ka mahiʻai hana, e hālāwai me ka pono o ka poe koa. I loko nō o ka paʻakikī hana rula, o ka Tatarstan kauhale hana mai, a haawi aku la i ka mea mua huahana.

He nui mea kanu o Tatarstan ua aniiei? I loko o kona mau mokuna initially evacuated, a hoomakaukau hou i? Iecaianoaaiiuo no ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o nā mea kaua, a koa lako a pan. Pake-mokulele ola mau loa a me ka pāʻoihana i ee nuipa a-hua mai la i koa huahana.

Ma ka palena o ka Tatar Repubalika ho'āʻo o 22th mea kanu, a i mālama ai e like me ka luna akamai o ka mea nāna i hana o ka Pe-2 a me Pe-8 Vladimir Petlyakov a me ka mea i manao ai office, e pili ana jets.

Tatarstan, ina pono o ka mua, ka hana i ka nui helu o nā huahana no ka oihana koa ana, e like me: leho a me nā pōkā, kapa kila Loko a me ka waapa, a me eiiiiiaiou no "Katyusha" a me ka mea o ka 'ōlelo.

Mākou E ole poina e pili ana i ka helu ana o evacuees i lawe mai, mai ka E kuai oukou panalāʻau, a luku i ka Soviet Union. Wale ma Kazan heluna kanaka mahuahua e 100.000 kanaka i ke kaua.