TAVKR "Adimarala Kuznetsov": 'ole a me ka manaʻolana' ia

TAVKR "Adimarala o ka'auwaʻa kaua o ka Soviet Union Kuznetsov" - ka waleʻeleu kreyserny kaumaha mokulele lawe i loko o ka haku mele 'ana o kaʻiʻo nō o kēia Moana 'auwaʻa kaua. Kona papa kuhikuhiE manao - ka hoʻopau o ka papakaukauʻili pale kaua, i ka pale o ka malina'auwaʻa a me ka palekana mai oleloiaʻenemi kaua. Ka moku ua kapaia ma hope o N. G. Kuznetsova, Adimarala o ka'auwaʻa kaua o ka USSR. Ieoaeunoai o ka cruiser i wahi ma Nikolaev, ma ka shipyard ma Chernomorsk, kēia manawa ia mea hapa o ka piha 'ia paha no ka Northern'auwaʻa kaua. Ka moku hiki e ma muli mokulele MIG-29K, pūʻulu SU-25, SU-33 a me ka hoʻololi 'ana helicopters Ka-27/29 / 52K.

mea i manao ai

Ke hoʻololi i TAVKR "Adimarala Kuznetsov" Ua ee aku i loko o ka makahiki 1978 ma lalo o ke alakaʻi o ka PCB mai Leningrad.

Aia i kekahi mau papahana Aey? Acaeoey, i kūpono i ka hopena? Acoeueoao i loko o ka hana ana o na moku a noho i loko o ka palapala o nā Ke Ana Hoʻohālike a me nā sketches:

• Hana Hoʻolohe 1153. Pohupani hale? Oaony moku papahana no ka 00 i ka 70 tona, ka mea, i hilahila ikaika kaua lako a (koe nae ka papa kuhikuhiE pūʻulu maunakea).
• № 1143 M. Ke manao ua ia i hoʻokomo i loko o ka cruiser supersonic Yak-41 vertical lawe-aku.
• A prototype o 1143. Ua he mea like me ka mokulele lawe i ka mua manao, akā, me ka pohupani hale he nui (hā mokulele lawe, kūkuluʻia i loko o ka Soviet Union).
• Project 1143,5 kaumaha mokulele lawe "Adimarala Kuznetsov" - kiʻekiʻe-mana, i ka lima, a me ka hope Soviet-kukulu mokulele lawe moku.

Hope oaoieei-palapala kuhikuhi i hoomakaukauia e ka hapalua like-1980 Presumably ke kukuluia'na ia e paʻa i loko o ka makahiki 1990. Naʻe, i ka manawa o ka haawi a me ka commissioning ua mau 'oni iki no kekahi mau kumu.

omaka e pili ana

I ke kakahiaka nui kupulau o 1981 Shipbuilding Plant ma Nikolayev loaʻa paakiki-lanakila 'o ia i kekahi mea no ka hana o ka hou cruisers. Naʻe, i loko o ka Akuma ka o ka hookahi makahiki i loko o ka nui e lewa a me nā loli i i i ka papahana, i ke kumu nui o ka i mea e hoomahuahua i ka pohupani hale o ka moku, he 10 tona.

Ke kūpono waiwai o kēia 'inideka ua 67 000 Halau Eia, i i ke kēia mau mall hoʻololi .:

• luna o ka moku, he ia e hoʻolako pono me ka mea hoʻonoho o RCC "māpala".
• Aia i ka pono, e hoʻonui i ka lewa pae o i ka 50 machines.
• A nui loli i ka mea i ka Launch mokulele i ia e hana me ka catapult ma ka Ski-Jump takeoff. ua hoemiia kēia kuanaʻike o ka lilo o ke kūkuluʻia, a hou hooloihi i ka hana ke ola ana o ka mokulele lawe.

pau ai i ua hana hou

TAVKR "Adimarala Kuznetsov" Ua hope hoohalike a hiki i 1982. A i loko o September, i ke kulanakauhale o Nikolayev shipyards. Initially, o ka moku i ka inoa "Riga", he mau mahina ma hope i Kapa hou i ke i "Leonid Brezhnev". Ma ka pau ana o ka makahiki ma ka cruiser no ka piha polokalamu ua i ka mea hoʻonoho o ka mua hale hihia. Ka moku ia (no ka manawa mua i loko o ka mōʻaukala o ka Soviet Union) oia loa o ka elua kakini hihia manao.

Ka lōʻihi o kēlā me kēia aeie TAVKR HA. 11435 "Adimarala Kuznetsov" ua ma kahi o 32 mau mika a me ke kiekie o ka 13 m. Ka nui o kēlā me kēia hehee ai mea like i 1.5-1.7 tausani. Nā kana. Superstructure nunui mokulele lawe kekahi i ma ka māhele kahua. Ua mea waiwai 'ana i kumumanaʻo ana ia o ka moku, me ka like lako o ka mea, mea, a me ka pono, hiki ke kūkulu pono eha makahiki, ka mea i piha mooolelo makemake ia. Eia naʻe, 'ole' ana me ka mai ana a me na mea hana o ka mea kanu i kauoha hoʻokali kūpono 'ole i loko o ka hoʻokomo' ia 'ana o ka moku ma ka hana.

Mea hoʻonoho onboard lako a

Ka mokulele lawe i ee mai o nā lāʻau kūpeʻe ma ka hope o ka makahiki 1985 makahiki. Mass hale, a hoʻouka kekahi hale, aole ia i oi aku mamua o 32 000 nā kana. Developers Ua oaeuiinoe makemake i / h 20506 kaumaha mokulele lawe "Adimarala Kuznetsov" ma ka 39%.

Next makahiki no ke aupuni lawe mea no hoi,ʻaʻole me ka loli. New akamai P. Sokolov ua i ka hoʻoponopono ', a ma ka waenakonu o ka 87th nō paʻa hapa a hiki i ka hopena o ka moku i Kapa hou i hou. Ano ka mea, ua lilo "Tbilisi". mākaukau pakeneka mahuahua i 60%. 'Ole' ana mai mai ana e ole ae i ka hoʻomaka koke ke hoʻokō i ka hana, i loaʻa wale 70% -s mākaukau ma ka pauʻana o ka 1989

Kāki o kaumaha mokulele lawe "Adimarala Kuznetsov" i ia manawa ua oi aku mamua o ehiku haneri miliona rubles. Soon hou hoʻololi i ka luna akamai,ʻo ia lilo L. Belov. Ka nui loa o ka lolouila mākaʻikaʻi? Ieaoa Ua hoʻouka kekahi ma ka eha a me ka hapalua makahiki ma hope o ka OOIeEe, mākaukau i ka moku i ka ua 80%.

Hike i loko o ke kai

Kēia hanana hiki October 20, 1989 I ka manawa, o ka mokulele lawe ua kokoke lakou, koe wale no i ka wa e kaawale aku o ka maunakea pae. Kaʻa mau ae la oi ma mua o ka malama, o ua i ka mua o Nowemapa i laweia mai keia hookolokolo ana kanu o ka MiG-29 a me SU-27 no ia makahiki.

Loa a me nā Radio nenoai i / h 20506 kaumaha mokulele lawe "Adimarala Kuznetsov" Ua hoʻokūpaʻa wale nō i loko o ka makahiki 1990 (huina mākaukau ua like ia ma kahi o 90%). Ma ka Ia manawa wā mawaena hua kai hoao ana i ka moku. Ma ka waena o ka Akuma ka moku i loaa mai i ka inoa hope ma lalo i hele manawa.

Ma ke kahua mua o ka hoao i ka mokulele lawe kū kaʻawale E ka Haku e oi aku mamua o 16 tausani mile. Me runways moku mokulele hua mai la aneane elima haneri sorties. All pae cruiser hana me ka moku'āina o ka pilikia i no e hoʻomaka ana i ka moku hoao ana - he maikai loa result.

Nā ho'āʻo mua i pau i ka hope o ka makahiki 1990. More ma mua o ka makahiki i hala i ke kahua hope loa o ka moku'āina kona mea e like ana, ma hope i ka moku i häʻawi mai ai iä ka Northern'auwaʻa kaua.

E noa ka hiʻona

E like me kekahi hapa o ka papahele, a me ka kakaka trampoline kūikawā fairings lele akula. Na mokulele ma luna o ka papahele o ka mokulele lawe i haawiia mai ma ka 'auamo aku, kela mea keia mea o ka a e lanakila maluna iho o 40 tona. E like me ka laula o ka papahele, he 67 mau mika. Ke cruiser lōʻihi like i aneane 305 mika, ka uku o kona hoʻokomo kālā - 10,5 m.

Purposefully hoʻohana no ka awa mokulele kāhiko hapa 250, a me ka lōʻihi o 26 mau mika ka laula. Ua loaʻa i ka hene o ehiku degere. He mau o ke kumu o hoʻomaka '-i paa.

Kiko'ī i TAVKR "Adimarala Kuznetsov" ieoaeunoai a me ka mīkini peahi uila, chetyrehvalnye me ka ikaika nā mīkini uila a me ka kakolina diesel nā mīkini uila. Like propulsor nei iluna eha nā kui nao (kēlā me kēia he 5 kōmi 'ana). Reserve māmā holo hahauʻana, he 29 knots (55 km / h). Ke hana nona iho hoʻokele cruiser ke lawe mai i ka eono mahina. Ka luina - aneane elua tausani kanaka.

weaponry

Ma lalo nō ka hakakā luina, a me ka manawa kūpono o ka mokulele lawe:

• Navigation'ōnaehana - "Beysur".
• Radar - "Mars-Passat", "Fregat-MA", "'alapa kūlaʻi", "Vaigach".
• 'Ano o ka lolouila type - CICS "Woodcutter" SJC "polynomial", "Star" luna' "Buran-2", "huihui - br";
• Anati-mokulele ammunition - 6 × 6 AK-630; (48 tausani na lako.)
• Rockets - PU SCRC "māpala", "penei wale", "pahi";
• Antisubmarine mea kaua (60 hopeʻia) - RBU-12000;
• Group maunakea - kanalima huahelu (helicopters a me Kekoa).

immensity

E maopopo i ka nui o ka cruiser, ka mea, i ke kaulana i kona kiekie i like me ka hale 27-yoa? Iiai. Loko ka mea, ua lako pono me ka aneane eha tausani kekahi mau keena. Ma ka hana ka mea, ua lilo 4000 kilomika o ka uwea, 12.000 kilomika o na ohe o okoa ka ho a me functionality. Kekahi ka ua ma luna o ka moku, he mea e pili ana i kanalima apana. Hangar paʻaʻano (153 * 26 * 7,2 mika) lawa regular pūʻulu 70 pakeneka ea. Papa anuʻu loa kai mall hoomalu ninoieo o ke kapa kila a me ka lonikū paia, kona hohonu - ma kahi o elima mau mika.

Hoikehonua, ka loiloi 'ana i ka papahana 1143,5

Nānā akula au i moku hiki maluhia ke kapa i ka piha-fledged mokulele lawe. Eia naʻe,ʻaʻole nā mea a pau pela smoothly me ka lana lōʻihi-makahiki no? Ieoaeunoaa. Ka hapa nui o ka manawa ia i ka hāhai i loko o ka hoomaemae docks.

Lula 'koi ana e hiki i ka maka aha. mai ma ka moana pinepine pu e loli iki ana degere o kekahi hanana. It E e ua hoʻokoʻikoʻiʻia i kela lōʻihi hele ana cruiser hele a me ka tug. ʻO nā komo i ke Kaiwaenahonua Sea - kekahi e hooiaio ai.

He nui kali no ka mea kaumaha mokulele lawe "Adimarala Kuznetsov" ka wā hele ana i Suria. Aʻaʻole i lōʻihi aku nei ia hiki. O ka holo ana,ʻaʻole me kona pilikia, akā, i ka moku nō lanakila i ke ala i laila, a hoʻi. Ma ka mau makahiki e hiki mai ana ecia ieaie? Oaony i ka pili nui overhaul o ka cruiser.