Transnistrian kaua: nui, haku mele 'ana

Ka'opi o ka Soviet Union ua kŘpa koko ole. Ka nui o na republics, wale nei i noʻonoʻo kaikuahine, ka nui kākoʻo i ka manaʻo o ke kaawale ana o ka mō'ī Hawaii i loko o ka manaolana i ke ola, e lilo aho, waiwai a me ka oi carefree. I ka mana ma na aina Puhi hiki i hookiekie ae nationalists expertly posing me kākoʻo o ke aupuni a ka lehulehu, a me ka ai-kapaia "Western nā loina."

Next hoomaka kaua e mai ai i loko o ka mua Soviet Union mea ma ka ia manawa, i me kekahi haʻahaʻa. Ka mea, i vaguely kapaia interethnic pāonioni, akā, ka mea mau i emi iki mahope o ia i ka hookahe koko ana i nā kaua. Au e i noho aʻe a me ka mālie a me ka maluhia Moldova. Ka repubalika o ka alakaʻiʻana i hoʻoholo e hookupaa i ke kuʻikahi, aupuni ma ka ikaika ole e lawe i ka mooolelo kekahi hiʻona o ka mōʻaukala? Acaeoey o ka aina. Akä naÿe i keia oihana hoike ia malaila Transnistrian poe koa, i ka pōkole manawa ua lilo ka loa efficient i loko o ka'āina, a me nā ana kipaku i ka hoouka. A me ia mea i keia la, kokoke i ka hapaha o ke kenekulia?

Mōʻaukala o Moldova a me Transdniestria

Mai ka manawa o Dacia Moldova ole i kekahi alii moku'āina. Ka hapa nui o ka papa aina no a hiki i ka 1940 Alii Romania, a me ka lahui ka hoʻonaʻauao ma o ka Soviet Ukraine i wale i nā kuleana o ke kū kaʻawale. Ma hope o nā ultimatums mele kauoha e ke Aupuni o ka USSR, ua haawi mai ka Lomānia aupuni alanui a hiki i ka Bessarabia a pau, ae hōʻike ana i kekahi akahele. I ole ia, i ka Red Army, i lana ai, makemake i hoʻohana 'poe a pau e hoʻonui i ka palena o ka USSR. I ka hoʻomaka o June 1940 VII kau o ka USSR Aha Kukamalu kauoha aku i hoʻokumu i ka Moldavian SSR like hapa o ka mau ana o ka hoao ana. Ka MSSR hookomoia 6 mamuli o Lomānia counties a me 6 SSR wahi mua i hana i ka hana nona iho repubalika MASSR. Ma hope o ke kaua, Moldova ka palena neʻe, akā, wale iki. Ālai 'hoʻololi i loko o ka 50 la - 80 la, a me ka aina haku mele' ana o ka heluna kanaka o ke kulanakauhale ma Tiraspol a Bendery E neʻe i 'Oihana, a hoʻomaha loa koa nā limahana, mai nā wahi mai o ka USSR. Ma keʻano nui nui o ka confrontation he nui wale o lakou i hana i ka lānai hou i hana koa o Transnistria.

Kanaiwa-mua makahiki

I ka makahiki 1991, ma hope o ka loaa ana o ke aupuni kuokoa, ka mea, ua hoʻomaka iholaʻo ia i ka nui loa o ka heluna o Moldova moe o ka reunification me Romania. Ma lalo o kēia manaʻo ka mea i noi ia no ka mōʻaukala kumu, a me ka nā kaʻao o ka oleloia hoahanau ola ma waena o nā nā lāhui kanaka, he Europa nui, a me kekahi, uuku kekahi. Ma ka lokomaikai o keia kumumanaʻo mai la, a kokoke e piha paha, ka 'o nā'ōlelo, ka loa e like me ka nuipa a hookohukohu haipule manaoio, a me aʻo Kīwala'ō o na loina. Naʻe, ua kekahi. Poʻeʻelemākule kanaka e hoomanao i loko o ke aliʻi Lomānia Moldovans e e hana e like me keʻano o nā mea o ka okoaʻano, o ka hailona a ua holo nōhie i ka hana ma luna o ke kahua.

Aka hoi, o ka manao i pio i nā manaʻo, a me ka Aha Kukamalu seriously hana me ka ninau o ka hiki hoʻohui ',ʻaʻole e ninau ina paha ka mea, makemake i ka "nui hoahānau" e hui pu iho la me ka "kaikaina". A pau i kēia alakaʻi ai i ka mea e noho ana o Dubossary, Tiraspol a me Bender ua kāheaʻia lākou hoa pāonioni me ka papa alualu ia e ka? Eia o ka Repubalika o Moldova, a hana Pridnestrovian Moldavian Repubalika. Kēia hou quasi-moku'āina me ka ho okumu i loaa i na trappings o ka mō'ī kumuhana o ke kānāwai,ʻo jure mea ole ia. I mea Transnistrian koa (laila, ka mea i kapaia o ka Republican poe kiai) Ua hoʻokumu September 24, 1991. Koke iholaʻo ia i ke kaua.

kaua

ʻaneʻane i ka makahiki ma hope, June 19, 1992, i ka Moldovan Aupuni hoʻoholo ihola nā kenekoa manao pono, e hoihoi mai ma ka poe ikaika no lakou. Ke clash mua i wahi ma Dubossary ma March 1991, a me ka manawa ka mea, ua ma luna o ka outskirts o Bender. Ia'ku i Moldovan makai a me nā huahelu o ka puali koa hoakaka Transnistrian koa mea nae i ka poe o ka militia nāʻaʻa, ma kaʻaoʻao i i hiki ai i loko o ka hoopaapaa māhele o Cossack huahelu. Hoomahuahua i ka helu o ka Uwao kōkua lehulehu i luahi i waena o ka sīwila heluna a me na excesses o kaʻaoʻao hoouka mai i. 14th Russian kaua ma Transnistria i ole lawe komo, akā, ua laweʻia ma lalo o ka mana o ka TMR Sun kona armories I ka hopena o ka makahiki o ke kaua ua hoounaia'ku na tausani o ka poe make ma na aoao elua, a me ka stalemate ma ke alo. Kekahi o na hoao mua e limanui hoʻokō i ka "aloha o ke aupuni", laila, i ka 1992, i hōʻike ai i ka piha impotence o ke kaua ana e ku ei na militias kākoʻo ma ka heluna kanaka. Haʻawina no ka wā e hiki mai i i hele e like "ana" mau i keia la.

mua luna koa

Ka Republican koa, i hanaia ma lalo o ke alakaʻi o ka 'oihana koa o ka Soviet kula, mea e noho ana a pau na luna o ka poe koa i loko o Transnistria. I ka mua o ia i ka hope luna o ka poʻe koa e kiaʻi Republican, Colonel SG Borisenko, a laila Stefan Kitsak, he veteran o Afghanistan, ka poe i hookauwa aku mua i loko o ka 14th zamnachshtaba kaua. Ua i ka mea nana i hana i ka 'ole o ka puali koa, a malaila i ka muaʻano hana. Ma ka haule ana o ka makahiki 1992, i ka lāʻau kū o Pale Kaua Kuhina i UAIAaIN e S. G. Hazheev i nui palapala hōʻoia no luna, ka hapanui o kona ola ana e lawelawe i loko o ka Soviet Army nana i haawi mai. Lalo o ke alakaʻi, i ana aʻei ka puali koa o ka unrecognized Repubalika, i kūpono i ka Transnistrian koa lilo i formidable pūʻali koa e aku i ka hakakā ioeaie o ka paha ka papa kuhikuhi o nā 'āina enemi, hoʻowahāwahā i ka mea i ana i ua kahikoia me na obsolete mea kaua Laʻana o nā hua mai la i loko o ka USSR. Currently, i ka puali koa o Moldova, ma kā lākou uku nui a me nā mea kaua, haalele ho'āʻo i ka oihana pāʻoihana a hiki i ka ia kenekoa pilikia.

Loaʻaʻia enemi

ua Lomānia kaua ma Transnistria ole i ke kaua, akā, kōkua i ka hoʻolālā o "liberation kai eʻe" luna o keia aina, e hoʻoneʻe 'ia paha i ka i, e like me na nāʻaʻa hiki. Ma ka makahiki mahope mai o ke kauwela kaua o ka makahiki 1992, aʻo i loko o ka 'āina o NATO a me ka Russian Hui i ua me na luna o na puali koa o Moldova. I ka hopena o keia aʻo, nae, mea haʻahaʻa, mai ka armament, i ka mea ma ka hoʻolilo o ka aina koa i OOAOAaXUEE. I ka papa kuhikuhiE forge o ke kauoha a nā limahana ua manaoia e ia i ka oihana kula kēia Oana cel Bun ma Chisinau. Moldovan National Army (US) ka loaʻa o nā 'ano o nā koa (aina, a me ka lewa), kona kookoo o ole oi aku mamua o eha a me ka hapalua tausani hao wale. ʻaha hui US ua maheleia i ekolu eiiaiaeu:

- "Moldova" (Balti).

- "Stefan cel Male" (Chisinau).

- "Dacia" (Cahul).

¶ A i loko o ka Moldovan koa komo peacekeeping battalion (22th), ma i "hele"ʻaneʻane a pau ka poe i ka mea mua eono, (huina mobilized no ka makahiki) i mālama aku.

Moldovan kaua poʻina nalu i loko o laila, Kekoa a me helicopters i hooku iho la ia, aole i symbolically.

Branch 'ole na la PMR

Kilakila ma nā mea a pau nā moʻokāki nana Transnistrian poe koa, i helu 7,5 tausani kanaka. Eiiiiiaiou i ma ka pūʻali koa a me ka aelike me nā loina. I kaʻaha hui 'ole nui reminiscent Moldovan, me ka' āina 'musculoskeletal dislocation. Brigades (māhele) e aia i loko o ka nui kūlanakauhale eha (Tiraspol, Bendery, Dubossary a me Rybnitsa). I kela a me keia o ia - ekolu mechanized infantry battalions, a, ma ka huli, ua i mai o,ʻehā poʻe lākou. Eia hou, ke kime komo papa wiliʻai na pu ki aloha a me ka hookaawale platoons (ka 'enekinia, a me ka palapala). I ka huina helu o kēlā me kēia māhele - ma kahi o kekahi, a me ka hapa tausani hao wale.

Poʻina nalu a me ka mea kaua

Source PMR i na mea kaua Nā Kia kila kauwela kaua o ka makahiki 1992, a i ole i manawa e hookaawale ia i ka poe koa hoʻonohoʻia ma Transnistria. Poʻina nalu i ekolu ano (T-72, T-64B a me T-55), kā lākou mau huina dala ua oaeuiinoe ia e ehiku makahiki, akā, me ko lakou ano maikai, e like me ka poe akamai, i hou aku 18.

Kaumaha mea kaua nō hoʻi i loko o kona haku mele 'ana 40 nenoai BM-21 "Kuisa:", ekolu kakini pū, a howitzers a me ka papa wiliʻai o like calibres, ZSU "Shilka" a me ka hoʻoponopono'-propelled pū.

Kaawale mai ka mea kaua kaumaha i ka hoʻolilo o ka poe koa PMR mea a me ka olelo hoopomaikai i na mea o ka luku ana i ai mana iloko o ka pāonioni paʻa o ka hala makahiki - MANPADS ( "pua", "kui kele ma", "piʻo"), RPG (7, 18, 22, 26, 27) a me ka LNG-9. I ka hakakāʻana me nā mea kaua kaa (a Moldova i kokoke ole, koe wale no ka BMP a me BMD) e papahana Anati-pahu alakaʻi Kao lele lako kaua "Fagot", "Baby" a me ka "Competition".

maunakea

Ka mea i Transnistria i kona iho air, kanaka e hoohalike ai i ka parades paʻa ma lehulehu aiiia, oiai i na makaainana o Pridnestrovie hōʻikeʻike koa. Haku mele 'ana a me ka oaoieei'auwaʻa, nae, o he uku. Pono he mau Kekoa a me helicopters, 29 o ia pono poe hana o KE-2 a me HE-26 i papahana no ka ukana a me ka amo a pae parachutists (VDV mea i loaʻa), a me ka haʻuki Yak-18.

Ma ka olelo o kēia hakakā pololei kākoʻo poʻe hao wale i i rotorcraft, i Soviet au, a, nae, o nō ma ka hana i loko o na aina - ka Mi-24, Mi-8 a me Mi-2.

Me ka pili ana i ka Air Max formally Moldova mea i oi, ia i ka lepo maluna mokulele-interceptor MiG-29, nae, haʻalele ia i kona wahi, o ka oi aku i ka maikai ke ano. Ka hapanui o Soviet koa kaa i ua kuai lilo aku i waho.

no?

Aia o kekahi nui, ao ke ano o ka i OAOOUIEeE me ka nui loa na puali koa o Moldova a me Transnistria koa. PMR helu i loko o ka hanana o ka hoʻoweliweli 'e mahuahua hou ma mua o tenfold manawa a hiki i ka mobilization o reservists. i paa holo 'awelika o ka retraining o na ilamuku a me na kanaka kumukuai, e like me kā lākou uku mau, a me ka mai e imi i ka hapanui o ia no ka oihana koa hana i kona palekana mai, a me ka poe paa kiʻekiʻe oihana i loko o ke aupuni. Eia hou, aia no he okoa Cossack regiment, he pa alima o ka Kalaiaina Kuhina, a me ka KGB. E hoʻokaʻawale aʻe kūikawā battalion "Aaeuoa" a me ka "Dniester" lāʻau hahau lā, ma ka pono-i hoomakaukauia ka 'Oihana, kekahi no ia o ka makai, ua i manaoia e e waiwai. No ka nane hea - ka mea mau mobilization o Moldova caiiaaaiiai kokoke i hoʻokahi haneri tausani kanaka, oiai ka loa kiʻekiʻe ka outflow o makaainana, mai ka aina, a me ka loiloi ia objectively paʻakikī, nā quantitatively a qualitatively. Ikamu a me ka aʻo ana o reservists ma ka aina ua, ua paa no na makahiki.

He aha hana Russian ma Transnistria?

Ke kaua Lūkini ma Transnistria i hoʻolauna i ka 1992 e like me ka hapa o ka peacekeeping koa. Ke kūloko heluna aloha mai ia e like me kā lākou i poʻe ho'ōla, a me ka hiki 'ana i loko o ka kaua koa o ka puali koa i komo, akā, i ka lanakila o Transnistria pili kēia aie ia. Inā, ma mua o ka'opi o ka Soviet 14th Army i he kaumaha-hana hāmare hoao ana, akā, i kēia lā ka mea, ua kokoke loa wehe i ka mokuna o ka Russian Hui. I ka huina helu o ka Russian kaua ma Transnistria ua a ianoiyuaa a i proveschal ekolu tausani koa a me na tausani o civilians civilians. A nui ke ano o ia mea i nā kama'āina i ke kupa hoohiki, a me ka Russian Hui. He aha ka mea e hana a me ke ano o ka hana i?

peacekeepers

Peacekeeping battalion makana ma Transnistria ma ka OSCE mandate kikowaena 335 Lūkini servicemen. Kaawale mai kēia mau mea, olelo mana o ke kulana lawe mai ma ka poeikohoia o ka puali koa o Moldova (453 kanaka), PMR (490 O nā.) A i kilo kamaʻilio mai Ukraine (he 10 keneta.).

I nā mea a pau i ka manawa e ua hala hope o ka hoʻokomo 'ia' ana o ka ciia o ke kue peacekeeping ikaika,ʻaʻole he hookahi hihia o ka hoʻohana 'ana o nā mea kaua, i kekahi kanaka i make.

Ke uuku ka helu ana o ka haku mele 'ana a me kona oihana i pololei kaʻawale i kekahi manaʻo hoʻopiʻi nui ku ei ka mea i haʻi Moldovan, a me ka nui nei, Ukrainian nationalists nā mea mahuʻi e pili ana i allegedlyʻano pākīkē ano o ka Lūkini alo i loko o ka māhele' āina.

Maluhia pūnaewele № 1411

Russian kaua ma Transnistria hanaʻia kekahi hana nui. 'Aʻole loa, mai laila mea i ke kauhale o Rybnitsa Kolbasna i makemake e unremarkable hooponopono ina kona nā wahi e ole ke aupuni' ia wä, ammunition nei āpana o 130 aa. Aia mau hopeʻia, pūpū, a he nui nā koa waiwai wehe 'ia mai hikina' Eulopa, a waiho waho mai mamua manawa. Ka huina kaumaha o ka pōkā pahū na ma ka ammunition, oi ma mua o 20 kilotons, i ka mea, i ka mana pili i ka'ātoma pōkā pahū "Little Boy" kulu ma Hiroshima. He aha e hana i keia mea pepehi ukana i kēia lā,ʻaʻohe kekahi ike. Waho pūnaewele kumu worsen me kela mea keia mea, i koʻu hele makahiki, pahu waihona e pinepine luku. Ua like ka helu i mua, ua i hooakea ai, akā, laila, ua calmer manawa.

83rd a 113th kaawale motorized kiai a me 540th battalion o ka hooponopono a me ka 'ohana ka palekana ua ole ae i hiki mai i ka ulia weliweli.

He aha e hiki mai ana?

I kēia lā, Transnistria mea he wahi paiki loloa o ka aina o Hawaii ma waena oʻenemi'āina, Moldova a me Ukraine, maoli hai blockade o ka unrecognized Repubalika. Ma keia kulana, ike PMR koa ma kiʻekiʻeʻeleu. Ignite i kekahi kaua e kue ana i loko o ka palena o ke kahiko USSR, ia wale ua ālai 'hoʻokahi wale ikaika - ka uwao. A lua o hoao e hoʻononiakahi Transnistria me Moldova ke huli i nui ka pilikia. Ka ninau a pehea i ka pono e hiki ke hana i ka PMR koa i kēia mea,ʻaʻole nui. Na ka papa kuhikuhiE mea - e pale aku kaua i nā mea a pau.