Viktor Petrovich Astafev - Kawaihae. ʻike hoʻokumu, aloha ola, kiʻi

He nui no mākou e hoomanao i ka hana o Victor Petrovich Astafieva ke kula laulā maʻamau. Kēia kaua moʻolelo, a me ka moʻolelo o ka paakiki ola i loko o ke kauhale o Lūkini kua'āina, a me nā manaʻo ma ka wahi ma mua, a ma hope o nā hanana o ke kaua i loko o ke aupuni. Oiaio no, o ke aupuni, kākau moʻolelo ua Viktor Petrovich Astafev! Kona Kawaihae - he vivid mamuli o ka ehaeha a me ka poino ola ana o ke kanaka, he pono i loko o ke au o Stalinism. Ma kana mau hana o ka Lūkini kanaka ua hōʻike,ʻaʻole i loko o ke kino o ka mea a pau-mana aupuni meʻe, a hiki Makuakane i kekahi ke kālā a me ka poino, e like me ka mea i laweʻia e ko i ka manawa. Ka mea kākau hōʻike pehea paakiki i ke kaumaha o ke kaua a me ka totalitarian? Eia i lanakila ma ia manawa ma ka aina, no ka poe noonoo ole Lūkini kua'āina.

Viktor Astafjevs: Kawaihae

Hânau 'ia i kākau moʻolelo May 1, 1924 ma ka Krasnodar'āina, i loko o ke kauhale o ka Oatmeal Soviet wahi. Ua hele no hoi i ka wā kamaliʻi o ka mea kākau moʻolelo. Ke keiki ka makua kāne, Peter Pavlovich Astafjevs, a me ka makuwahine, Lydia Ilinichna Potylitsyn he mau kauwa, i ka ikaika o. Akā, ma ka manawa o ka collectivization 'ohana i hookuke aku. Mau mua kaikamahine Peter Pavlovich a me Lydia Ilinichny make ma kaʻuʻuku mai. Victor koke haʻalele me ka makua. Kona makua kāne i halepaahao no ka "sabotage." A makuahine poho ma ka Yenisei, ia ia i 7 makahiki. Ua ua he ulia. Ka waapa ma a Lydia Ilinichna i waena o kekahi poe i uka o ka muliwai e halawai mai ai me kāna kāne i loko o ka hale paʻahao, capsized. He haule i loko o ka wai, i ka wahine hopu kēlā no ka Bon a me ka hanu. Ma hope iho o ka make ana o kona mau makua i ke keiki i lawe mai i loko o kaʻohana o nā kūpuna. Link i hakuʻia i kekahi keiki mai ka wanaʻao. Ma hope, e like me ka mea kākau, Astafjevs hoomanao pehea koʻu kupuna wahine Katherine i kapa ia "vrushey" no boundless paʻakikī. Life ma ke keiki kahiko ua i ka poʻe hoʻokalakupua moʻolelo. ʻO ia ka mea wale alohilohi Memories o kona wā kamaliʻi. Ma hope o ka hana 'ia, i hoouna aku ai i ke kula i ke kula Victor i loko o ke kūlanakauhale o Igarka. Aiaʻo ia i noho ai i ka pilikia ke ola. Ke keiki pinepine besprizornichal. Kumu Christmas ee Ignatius i kekahi i loko o nā haumāna i ka makemake no ka heluheluʻana. He ho'āʻo e hoʻomōhala ia. Haku i ke keiki, e pili ana i kona Lake punahele hope e kapaia make ole i kana hana "Vasyutkin lake" ka wā i lilo ai i ka mea kākau moʻolelo kaulana. Ma hope o ka pau 'ana o ke ono paha o ka papa o ke kula kiʻekiʻe, Victor hiki i ke alahao kula FZO. He pau ia i ka 1942.

adulthood

Ma hope o ia, i ke kanaka'ōpiopio i kekahi manawa e hana i ke koa aʻo 'ia hana a kokoke i ke kulanakauhale o Krasnoyarsk. Ke kaua i lawe mai ai e pili ana i loli i loko o kona ola. Ma ka Akuma ka o ka ia, i ka 1942, oia hāʻawi manawaleʻa no ka alo. Here ka mea, ua, a me ka artrazvedchikom, a me ka Keaukaha a me ka signalman. Viktor Astafjevs kaua no Poland, Ukraine, kaua ma Kursk. Iloko o ke kaua,ʻo ia ua seriously eha a me ka iwi-hoohikilele au ia. Kona koa hoʻomanaʻo i i hookoia mau mekala "No ka makau ole ma ia", "No ka mea liberation o Poland", "No A ia la aku no Germany" a me ka Papa Hanohano o ke Red Star. Ma hope o demobilization i ka makahiki 1945 ma ka Urals Chusovoy kikiʻo Viktor Petrovich Astafev. Kona Kawaihae i hana i kekahi hou a. Ua hoʻomaka kekahi, maluhia ke ola. Here ia i lawe mai, a me kana wahine, ka mea ma hope la ia mea e like me ka mea kākau - M. S. Koryakinu. Ka mea, he kanaka loaʻokoʻa. Around Victor mau hovered wahine. Ua ua He loa hana hoihoi kanaka. Ua ua ike ia he mau illegitimate kaikamahine. Kona lili wahine, Maria. Ua moe au i kana kane, ua malama pono wau i kaʻohana. Here, Chusovoy, Victor lawe ma luna o kekahi 'oihana e hānai kā lākou poʻe keiki. Ka mare, ua ua hanau ekolu o lakou. Ka mua ua kaikamahine Maria a me Victor nalowale. Ua ua wale i kekahi mau mahina i kona wa i make ma ka haukapila mai loa dyspepsia. Ua hiki i ka makahiki 1947,. A ma ka 1948, Astafieva lua o ke kaikamahine i hanau, i kapaia o Ira. Ma hope o 2 makahiki ma ka ohana a pau he keiki Andrew. Children Viktor Petrovich Astafieva ulu ma i hoʻohalahala ana. Aie i ka moku'āina o ke ola, ke olonā wāwae ma ke kaua, i ka wā e hiki mai kākau moʻolelo uaʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻi i kāna hana kūikawā, i hoomakaukauia ma ka hola aʻo. Chusovoy ka mea, he e hana paakiki a me ka mechanic, a me ka loader, a me ka foundry ma ka kūloko hola, a me Kauai mau kupapau ma ka sausage hola, a me ka kamana i loko o ka nei.

Ka hoʻomaka o ka makakū ala

Kākau hana nō komo ai i ka wā e hiki mai haku o ka olelo. Here, Chusovoy,ʻo ia i hele ai i ka palapala, ai 'p ÷ ai. Kēia mea i kona hoomanao Viktor Petrovich Astafev. Kona Kawaihae ua uuku ike, no laila, i kona heluhelu nui kekahi au mamuli pili i kona ola a me kaʻike hoʻokumu. "Ka makemake no ke kākau 'ana, au i koke ia. I hoomanao loa pono, i ia manawa, i ka wa au i hele ai i ka palapala, ai 'kaiapili, hoʻokahi hana a heluhelu i kona e kākau hou moʻolelo. Hana noʻeau hahau mai iaʻu me kona artificiality, unnaturalness. Au i ka mea a palapala iho la i ka moʻolelo. Ka mea, ua koʻu mua hanaia'na. I ka mea au e olelo ana e pili ana i kona mau wartime hoa "- kamaʻilio e pili ana i kona Debut Mea. Ka inoa o ka hoonui mua - "He sīwila". "Chusovoi limahana" i paʻiʻia ma ka nupepa i ka 1951, ia mea. I ka moʻolelo i ka pomaikai. Next eha makahiki, i ka mea kākau moʻolelo o ka palapala, ai '÷ ino o ka puka Revised edition. I ka 1953, ma ke kulanakauhale o Perm, me kona mau mua ohi o pōkole nā moʻolelo ma hope mai "A hiki i ka kekahi luawai." A ma ka 1958 Astafjevs kākau ihola i ka puke "Ka Heheʻe Ua Snow", i kahiāuli i ka pilikia o ka kua'āina like aina ola. Soon, i ka lua o ka ohi ana o pōkole nā moʻolelo ma hope mai "Lights" hookuu Viktor Astafjevs. "Bay no na keiki" - i ho'ākāka 'ia i ka mea kākau o kona hanaia'na.

Kaao, "Starodub". Ka popoiwi wahi i loko o ka mea kākau moʻolelo

Viktor Astafjevs ua manaoia e e pakiko-ao mai la. Education like ia ia i kiʻi, akā,ʻo ia mau ho'āʻo i ka hoʻoikaika 'ana i kā lākou professionalism. No keia hopena, ka mea kākau moʻolelo i loko o nā makahiki 1959-1961 këia ma ka palapala, ai 'Higher papa ma Moscow. Nā Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo puke o na Urals kekahi manawa publishes kana mau hana Viktor Petrovich Astafev, kona Kawaihae ua hōʻike 'aneʻi. Ma ia,ʻo ia ke hoala mai i ka huʻi pilikia o ke kahua o ke kanaka kanaka, e ulu ana i loko o noho pilikia ana nei 30s, 40s. Mau mea i ka moʻolelo e like me ka "aihue", "Hope kakaka", "Somewhere kaua rattles" a me na mea e ae. Ua mea waiwai 'ana i kumumanaʻo i na mea he nui o ko ia mau autobiographical. Here a me ka weliweli orphanage ola, a hooku iho la ia ma nā mea a pau kona brutality a me ka dispossession o kauwa, a me ka mea 'ē aʻe. Ka popoiwi wahi i loko o ka hana Astafieva lilo kona puke "Starodub", i kākau 'ia ma 1959. Hana ia i wahi i loko o ka kahiko Siberian noho. Manaʻo a me moolelo o ka Old manaoio i ole i walohia no Victor. Taiga kānāwai, "ma kona ano maoli manaoio", e like me ka mea kākau, aole ia e hoola i ke kanaka mai ka loneliness, a hoʻoponopono i ua e pilikia. Ke culmination o na hana - o ka make ana o ka protagonist. lima ke make ke kanaka ka kahi o ka ihoiho - pua Starodub.

Astafjevs o ka Lūkini ano i loko o ka moʻolelo "ke koa a me ka makuwahine"

A hiki i ka moʻo o ka mea kākau i ka hana i hoomaka ai ma luna o ka "Lūkini aupuni pūʻulu"? E like me ka hapanui o ka palapala, ai manaʻo kiʻiʻoniʻoni, a me ka moʻolelo Astafʻeva i "koa a me ka makuwahine." Ma ka papa kuhikuhiE ano i hanaiaʻaʻohe inoa. Ua embodies a pau nā wāhine Lūkini ma ka naau o ka i i hala i ka "kaumaha hao huila kaua". Eia ka mea kākau moʻolelo hana ia mau kanaka ano i aloha ia i ko lakou ike maopopo, pono, "oiaio ano." Me ka haohao, a pehea maluhia ka haku i loko o kana mau hana hōʻike mai i ka puka pilikia o ka lawelawe? Acaeoey. Ka papa kahi, a ua kokoke mai ka hoʻoulu manaʻo o Astafev Viktor Petrovich - Kawaihae. Ka pōkole mana o ia mea olelo lealea, e ho'āla i ka mea heluhelu ka naau reciprocal aloha. A no ia mea, ka mea, ua manaoia he pilikia ke ola o ka mea kākau mea nui au mamuli.

Ke theme like o ke kaua i loko o nā hana o ka mea kākau moʻolelo

I ka makahiki 1954, hele mai "punahele keiki" o ka mea kākau. Ua mea e pili ana i ka moʻolelo "ke kahu hipa, a shepherdess." Just 3 lā haku, palapala iho la i ka hei ana o 120ʻaoʻao. Ma hope,ʻo ia wale anaiia kikokikona. Moʻolelo i makemake ole e kakau paʻa excised mai kona mau hakina holoʻokoʻa i i ole ae censorship. Wale ma hope o 15 makahiki, o ka mea kākau ua hiki ke hoʻokuʻu aku ia i loko o ka palapala ano. I ka waenakonu o ka kakou kamailio ana - i ka moʻolelo o ke keiki koa Boris Kostyaeva platoon, a uaʻike piʻi i ka weliweli o ke kaua, akā nō make mai eha a me ka exhaustion ma luna o ka huakaʻi lawe aku la a hiki i ka hope. Ka wahine ka mea i aloha ai, aole ia e hoola i ka papa kuhikuhi ano. Ma ka moʻolelo o ka mea kākau kokoke mai ka mea heluhelu i ka weliweli kiʻi o ke kaua a me ka make, a ua hāpai. ke kumu o ka huina hoonui i i makemake i ka e ma ka malamalama i oi aku paʻakikī i ka ike. Na kanaka, ka poe kaua a lanakila i ke kaua, he mea mau i ka mea eh ÷ ike i ka mana, ikaika, Kaueleau. E like me nā moʻolelo o ka haku, oia ole wale hoʻohei akā, i luku aku. A me ka make a me ka deprivation ana o kanaka e ae aku, aole wale no o ka mea komohewa, ka poe i hele mai i kā lākou'āina, akā, no hoi ma ka makemake o ke totalitarian'ōnaehana, maʻamau i loko o ke aupuni. Astafievaʻike hoʻokumu Victor hoʻolakoʻia, a me nā lei hana, e like me "Sasha Lebedev", "nee hiamoe", "Hands wahine", "India", "uliuli wanaʻao", "Russian Diamond", "Ma ka maopopo lā ma laila" a me na mea e ae.

Kaao, "Ode Lūkini lumi kuke māla" - He Himeni i ke kua'āina ikaika

I ka makahiki 1972, kona aʻe huahana ke hookuu aku oia Astafev Viktor Petrovich. Kawaihae, pōkole hoʻokolohua o i ua hōʻike mai iā iaʻaneʻi ka loa hana hoihoi. Ka mea kākau e ulu ana i loko o ke kauhale. He ike aku la ia maloko mai. He ua i malihini i ka ehaeha a me ke kālā o ka poʻe āpau i komo hoʻi-wawahi ae hana i ka mea maʻa iā ia, mai ka wā kamaliʻi. Kaao, "Ode Lūkini lumi kuke māla" - he hana ia mea heʻano o ka mele o ke kua'āina hana. Mea kākau E. Nosov aku la no ia: "Ua ua i narrated a hīmeni i ..." No ka mea kauhale keiki mahinaai - ka mea, aole pono i kekahi wahi kahi oe e "hoʻopiha i ka opu", a me ka honua piha o nā mea pohihihi a me nā mea i pau. O aku la ia ia, a me ka kula o ke ola, a me ka Halau o Nice Arts. ka "Ode" I ka heluhelu ana, aole ia i waiho i ka manao o ke kaumaha no ka nalowale aloha o ka mahiʻai ka hana, a e leie aku i kekahi kanaka e 'ike i ke ola-haawi pilina me ka makuwahine ano.

Moʻolelo "hope ke kakaka" Life i loko o ke kauhale

Kanaka kua'äina theme like kākau Viktor Astafjevs ua ulu i loko o kona 'ē aʻe hana. Kekahi o ia mau mea - he moʻo o pōkole nā moʻolelo ma hope mai "Last kakaka". Ka kakou kamailio ana i loko o ke kanaka mua. I ka waenakonu o ka hanaia'na o ka mea kākau - i ka hopena o na keiki kauhale, kona wa kamalii coincided me na makahiki o na 30s, i ka wa a ke aupuni, hoomaka ae la ka collectivization a me ka wa opiopio, - i "ahi" ka 40th. It E e kaulana i keia moʻo o ka moʻolelo i hana mau makahiki (mai ka 1958 a hiki i ka makahiki 1978 makahiki). Ka moolelo mua oko iki lyrical exposition, maalea Quotes. A i loko o ka moʻolelo hope ua akaka ai ka makemake o ka mea kākau paa denounce i ka'ōnaehana i pepehi i ka aupuni o ke kulanui i ke ola. Ka mea, hoailona iho awaawa a me ka hamama hoomaewaewa ia.

Kaao, "King-iʻa" - holo ana i kona'āina hānau

Ma kana mau hana, i ka mea kākau moʻolelo e hoʻomōhala ana i ka theme like o ka mālama 'ana o ke aupuni kuʻuna. Kona moʻolelo kuleana "King-iʻa", nolaila ia i kuu ia ma ka malamalama i ka 1976, ua kokoke ma ka naau i ka pōʻaiapuni o ka moʻolelo e pili ana i kua'āina ola. I ka 2004 ma Krasnoyarsk i he kia hoʻomanaʻo i loko o ka hanohano o ka 80th lā hoʻomanaʻo o ka mea kākau moʻolelo. Ano, oia no kekahi o ka hōʻailona o ke kulanakauhale. Ma ka manawa o ka puke i paʻi mua recognizable, a kaulana mea kākau lilo Viktor Astafjevs. Picture ia - ma luna o ka mua 'aoʻao o ka palapala, ai' Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo puke. He aha hiki mākou e'ōlelo e pili ana i ka puke? An hana hoihoi 'kela ano keia ano o ka hanai ana mea i loko o ka huahana. Ka mea kākau pena he kiʻi o pristine ano, untouched ma ka noho maikai ana, kanaka ka ola i loko o ka hohonu o Siberia. People nona ka pono mau hae i ua lilo, i loko o kona mau kahua e thriving ka ona ana, poaching, aihue, ka makau ole, i walohia.

War puke "poino, a make" - noʻonoʻo loi o Stalinism

I ka makahiki 1980, ua neʻeʻo ia i kona'āina - ma Krasnoyarsk - Viktor Astafjevs. Kawaihaeʻaneʻi ka mea, 'aʻole e hoʻololi i no ka maikaʻi. A makahiki kakaikahi ma hope o neʻe koke make kaikamahine Irina mea kākau. Viktor a me Maria Semenovna lawe hoʻi kāna mau keiki, kona mau moopuna Pauline a me Vitya. Ma ka kekahi lima, ia meaʻaneʻi, ma ka hale, aia no he haku makakū impulse. kakau iho la oia i na hana me "Zaberega" "Spotty", "ʻano hau 'Aeʻa," "Make," i ka hope mokuna "hope ke kakaka," a me na mea e ae. Eia ka mea i hana mai i kona ledger o ke kaua - ka puke "poino, a make". Kēia hanaia'na o ka mea kākau distinguishes ka oi, categorical, kuko. No ka kākau Romana Astafev i i hookoia ka State makana o Rusia.

Ka makahiki 2001 ua no ke kumu o ka make ole moʻolelo ona. He hāhai nui manawa i loko o ka haukapila. Mau mapuna koe i ka manaolana o ke ola. Kona mau hoa hoopii i ka Krasnoyarsk Regional Council o lunakanawai ma ka auaaeaiea o dala no ka iapaau ana o ka mea kākau ma kahi e aku. Noonoo o keia pukana ua lilo i ka hoao ana o ka mea kākau. Aia uaʻaʻohe kālā i anao? Aou. Kauka, hohola i kona mau lima, i hoounaia mai ka hale i ka hoʻomanawanui i ka make. November 29, 2001, make iho la Viktor Astafjevs. Film i mai i kana mau hana, a me keia mea he loa hana hoihoi hoolohe mai.