Vladikavkaz: ka heluna kānaka, ki'i. 'O ka heluna o Vladikavkaz

'O kekahi o nā kūlanakauhale maika'i loa o ka Caucasus Caucasus'o Vladikavkaz. 'O ka lehulehu ma'ane'i he pilikino a me ke aloha. Ke noho nei kēia kūlanakauhale i ka lehulehu o nā lāhui a me nā ho'omana like'ole. E a'o i nā kiko'ī i nā hō'ailona'ike nui e'ike'ia ana ka heluna o Vladikavkaz.

'O kahi kūlana'āina

E'ike koke kākou i ke kūlana'āina o kēia wahi, ma mua o ka ho'omaka'ana e a'o i nā hō'ailona o ka heluna kanaka o ke kūlanakauhale. Aia'o Vladikavkaz i loko o ka Caucasus Caucasus ma 692 m ka nui ma kahi o nā kahawai nui loa o ka'āina i kapa'ia'o Terek, ma kahi kokoke i kona kumu. 30 km mai ke kūlanakauhale aia ka Daryal Gorge.

Aia ke kūlanakauhale ma kahi pāna'i wela me ka'ano ho'omehana honua. 'O ka mahana wela o ka mahina makena o Iulai'o ia he 20.7 degrees Celsius. 'O ka maximum'oi loa he 39.2 o kekelē. 'O ka mahana o ka mahina makali'i i loko o ka makahiki - Fepuari - he 5.6 kekelē ma lalo o ka zero, me ka palena palena loa o 27.8 kekona. 'O ka awelika o ka laulā o ka makahiki ma Vladikavkaz he 9.2 kapua'i ma luna o ke zero.

No ka makahiki ma ke kapikala o North Ossetia, he 933 mm ka huina o ka pali.

'O ke'ano laulā, ke'ano o ka ho'omehana honua a me ke kauwela lō'ihi.

I kēia manawa,'o kēia kūlanakauhale ke kikowaena ho'omalu o ka Repubalika o Alania (North Ossetia), a aia ma loko o kēia māhele.

Ka Moolelo o Vladikavkaz

No ka ho'omaopopo'ana i ke'ano o ka ho'okumu'ia'ana o ka po'e hou o Vladikavkaz, pono mākou e hele iki i loko o ka mo'aukala.

Mai ka ho'omaka'ana o ko kākou wā,'o ka'āina kahi e noho nei'o Vladikavkaz i ka'ohana o Alans, no Scythian-Sarmatian pū'ulu. 'O lākou nā kūpuna kūpono o ka po'e Ossetian o kēia manawa. Ua ho'ouka'ia e nā lāhui'ē a'e, i ka Mongol-Tatars mua, ua hele lākou i nā mauna, mai nā po'e o ke kuahiwi i ka mauna.

I ka makahiki 1774, ua ho'ohui pū'ia ka'āina o'Ohotelani o kēia wā i ka moku Lūkini. I ka makahiki 1784, ua ho'okumu ka pū'ali Lūkini i ka pākaua o Vladikavkaz ma kēia'āina. I lilo ia i mea ikaika a me ka mea e ho'omoe ai i ka holomua o ka moku Lūkini i ka Caucasus. 'O ka inoa i hā'awi'ia i ka pu'ukaua i hā'awi'ia e Count Pavel Potemkin, he hoahānau pili loa o ke ali'i kaulana, a pani i kahi'ano pōkole o ka hua'ōlelo "Vladika Kavkaz".

Aia ke kūlanakauhale ma ke komo'ana i ka Hale Hō'ike'ike'o Daryal, a'o ia kekahi o nā kiko o ke alanui o Georgian.

Ma hope o ka manawa, ua kūkulu'ia ka pā kaua. I ka makahiki 1860, ma hope o ka hopena o ke kaua Crimean, ua loa'a iā ia ke kūlana o kahi kūlanakauhale i lilo i kikowaena o ka papa'o Tereka. Mai ia manawa, ua ho'opiha piha'ia ka heluna kanaka o Vladikavkaz e ko'Ossetians o nā wahi.

Me ka mana o ka Soviet i ka makahiki 1920, ua lilo'o Vladikavkaz i kūlanakauhale nui o Gorsky ASSR. Ma hope o kona wāwahi'ia'ana, ua'ike'ia'o ia ke kikowaena ho'omalu o ka moku o ka'Oehana'Oihana Ostetian a me ka manawa ho'okahi ho'i'o ka moku'āpana'o the Ingush, akā,'a'ole ia no kekahi o kēia mau hui. Ma hope o ke kūkulu'ana o ka Chechen-Ingush Autonomous District i ka makahiki 1934, lilo ke kūlanakauhale i wahi o ka'āpana'āpana o'Ossetian o North, a lilo ia i kiko waena.

I ka makahiki 1931 ua kapa hou'ia'o Vladikavkaz'o Ordzhonikidze no ka mahalo'ana i ke kanaka kaulana kaulana a kipi'o Sergo Ordzhonikidze.

I ka makahiki 1936, ua ho'onohonoho hou'ia ka North Ossetian AO i ka'Ohana Soviet Socialist o North Ossetian. Ua lilo'o Ordzhonikidze i kikowaena.

I ka wā o ke Kaua Honua II, aia ma ka'ao'ao o Vladikavkaz ua ho'oholo'ia ka hopena o ka māhele Caucasian. Ua hiki i nā pū'ali Soviet ke pale i ka'enemi a ho'omalu i kēia noho'ana.

I ka manawa mai 1944 a hiki i 1954. Ua kapa'ia ke kūlanakauhale'o Dzaudzhikau. 'O kēia ka inoa'o'Ossetian,'o ia ho'i ka'ōlelo i unuhi'ia ma ka'ōlelo'o "Deaug settlement".

I ka makahiki 1981,'o Ordzhonikidze kekahi o nā pilikia mua o ka'ekalesia ma ka USSR, i pale i ke kaua ma waena o'Ossetians a me Ingush.

I ka makahiki 1990, ua ho'iho'i'ia ke kūlanakauhale i kona inoa hou.

I kēia manawa, ke ulu nei'o Vladikavkaz,'o ia ke po'okela o ka mana'o o ka Russian Federation -'o ka Repubalika o North Ossetia - Alania.

Kahi

'O ka waiwai waiwai o Vladikavkaz ke kumu o ka noho ma kona'āina no nā waiwai waiwai a me nā mea hi'ona.

He pālahalaha nui ka pa ma ka mo'omeheu a me ka ho'olimalima, kahi papa keiki, he hale ali'i o nā pionia. 'O ke kāhiko nani o Vladikavkaz'o ia nā Kumu Puna. Hiki i nā'ōpio ke'olu'olu a ho'ona'auao i kahi ka'aahi ka'awale o nā kamali'i, i wehe'ia i ka makahiki 1967, ka mea e ho'olapai i ka ho'ona'auao'ana i nā'ōpio ma nā'oihana ka'aahi.

'O ke kikowaena mo'omeheu maoli o ke kūlanakauhale,'o ia ka Prospect Mira, i kapa mua'ia'o Aleksandrovsky. Aia ma laila ka hale nui nui "Alexandrovsky", ka māla o ka pā kaua o Vladikavkaz, kahi hui nui o nā hale mō'aukala. Eia kekahi mau monuments no Lenin, Khetagurov.

Ma waena o nā hale ho'okipa o Vladikavkaz, i kūkulu'ia ka Ho'omana'o'ana i ka Nani ma ka makahiki 2005, ua ho'oka'awale'ia nā monuments iā Pliev, Bulgakov, Barbashov, a me Djibilov.

He nui nā mea maika'i i ka mahele o'Ossetia, akā'o kāna waiwai nui loa ka po'e noho ma Vladikavkaz. Hiki ke'ike'ia nā ki'i o kēia kūlanakauhale nui ma luna.

'O nā po'e o Vladikavkaz

Ua hā'awi aku ke kūlanakauhale iā Rusia a me ka po'e o ka honua he nui i ka waiwai. Mawaena o na kupa kaulana a me kanaka o ka Wahiiki E e kaulana pūkaua Issa Pliev, George Khetagurova a me Aleksandra Karaseva, i ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā o ka GRU Haji Umar Mamsurova USSR meʻe a me Russian Sergey Grigoryan, Kaurbeka Toguzova, Lado Davydov, People ka Artist o Rusia Valery Gergiev.

Akā,'o ke'ano,'a'ole kēia he papa inoa piha o nā kānaka kūlana i hānau'ia a noho i Vladikavkaz.

Ka nui o ka lehulehu

I kēia manawa e'ike i ka heluna o Vladikavkaz. He mea nui kēia hō'ike no nā helu helu heluhelu. No laila, pehea ka heluna o ka heluna kanaka o Vladikavkaz? 'O ka heluna o ka po'e noho o kēia kūlanakauhale, ua like like me 307.5.

He nui a he li'ili'i paha? E ho'olālikelike kākou i ka heluna o Vladikavkaz a me nā kūlanakauhale nui'ē a'e o ka District Caucasus Federal District. Ma Stavropol, aia 429.6,000 kānaka, ma Grozny - 287.4,000 kānaka, ma Nalchik - 239.0,000 kānaka, ma Makhachkala - 587.9,000 kānaka, ma Cherkessk - 123.1 Nā tausani. Pela, ke kapikala o North Ossetia, o ke kolu ma ka North Caucasus heluna. 'O Vladikavkaz kekahi o nā mea nui loa ma kēia moku pekelala.

Ma ka papa inoa o nā kūlanakauhale Lūkia a pau,'o ia'o Vladikavkaz he 64th ma ke'ano o ka heluna kānaka. Pono e ho'oka'awale'ia e kokoke i ka hapalua o ka heluna o ka Repubalika o North Ossetia e noho nei ma kēia kūlanakauhale.

Dynamics o ka helu

I kēia manawa, e 'ike i ke'ano o ka heluna kanaka a Vladikavkaz i hana ai ma mua. 'O ka heluna o ka po'e noho i nā manawa like'ole o ke kūlanakauhale, ua like'ole lākou i nā'ao'ao like'ole: ua ulu a ua hina paha. Ua loa'a kēia mau kumuhana'elua a me nā kumu kumuhana.

Ma ka makahiki 1784, ua ho'okomo'ia nā'ike helu helu mua o ka heluna o ke kūlanakauhale. E noho ana i ka Vladikavkaz a me 2,036 mau kānaka. Ua ho'onui nui'ia ka heluna kanaka ma hope o ka loa'a'ana o kahi kūlana o ke kūlanakauhale. No laila, inā ma ka makahiki 1870 ma Vladikavkaz he'umi tausani kānaka noho, a ma ka makahiki 1888, ua hō'ea kēia hō'ike i kahi kokoke i 38,000.

Ma ka makahiki 1992, pi'i mālie ka heluna o ke kūlanakauhale. Ua ho'onui'ia'o Vladikavkaz, akā he mau makahiki o ka emi iki'ana o ka helu. 'O kēia mau makahiki he 1895 - 1897, 1915 - 1920, 1937, 1969, 1979, 1985. Akā, ma ke'ano holo'oko'a, he palpable ka pi'i. No laila, i ka makahiki 1992, hiki i ka heluna o nā po'e noho o Vladikavkaz a hiki i ka palena o ka palena nui, 325,000 kānaka. A laila, mai ka makahiki 1993 a hiki i ka makahiki 2002, ua hiki mai kahi manawa i ho'ololi'ia nā makahiki o ka ho'onui'ana i nā helu i nā makahiki o kona hā'ule'ana, a'o ka hope. Mai ka makahiki 2003, ua emi mai ka nui o ka Vladikavkaz. Ke emi mālie nei ka heluna kanaka. 'O ka makahiki ho'okahi wale nō i koe i kēia hanana holomua'o 2015. Akā, i ka 2016 ua ho'omau ka heluna o ka heluna.

Ka nui o ka lehulehu

'O kahi o nā'ike kaiāulu nui o ka nui o nā lāhui. E'ike i kona waiwai ma ka wahi i ho'ākāka'ia. Ka nui o ka heluna o ka heluna o Vladikavkaz, aia ma ka palena o 291 mika mika. Km, kahi kokoke i 1.1,000 mau kānaka i ho'okahi mile mile. Km.

No ka ho'ohālikelike:'o ka nui o ka heluna o ka po'e kānaka o Grozny he 0.9,000 kānaka i kēlā me kēia mika. Km, Stavropol - 2,5,000 kānaka i kēlā me kēia mika mika. Km, a me Makhachkala - 1,3,000 kānaka i ho'okahi mika mika. Km. No laila, he kaulike kaulike'o Vladikavkaz i ka ho'ohālikelike'ana me kekahi mau kikowaena ho'omalu o nā wahi o ka North Caucasus.

Nā papahana ākea

'O kēia ka manawa e nānā ai i ka lāhui e no'ono'o ana i ka hale o Vladikavkaz. 'O ka nui o ka heluna kanaka ma ke kūlanakauhale.

'O ka hapanui o nā po'e noho o Vladikavkaz he mau'elele lākou o ka lāhui aupuni o ka Repubalika o Alania - Ossetians. 'O ka māhele o ka heluna kanaka o ke kapikala he 64%. 'O ka nui o nā po'e Lūkini ma Vladikavkaz'a'ole i'oi aku i ka 25%.

'O nā luna o nā lāhui'ē a'e he'u'uku iho: Armenians - 3.5%, Georgian - 2.2%, Ingush - 1.1%. 'O ka heluna o nā Azerbaijan, Ukrainians a me Helene,'a'ole i hiki i ka 1% o ka heluna nui o nā po'e noho ma ke kapikala o Ossetian. Kumyks, Turks, Kabardians, Chechens, Greeks, Gypsies, Tatars, Iudaio a me ko Koreans kekahi o ka poe e noho ana ma Vladikavkaz. 'O ka nui o ka heluna o ke kūlanakauhale, e like me kā mākou e'ike nei, he'ano like'ole ia,'oiai'o kona kumu hope nui o nā'Ossetia a me nā Lūkini.

'O ka ho'omana

I kēia manawa, e 'ike i ka mea a Vladikavkaz i pani ai ma ka hā'ina ho'omana. 'O ka heluna kanaka o kēia kūlanakauhale ma ka hapanui o ka po'e i kapa'ia ka Kristiano Orthodox. 'O kēia ho'omana ho'omalu i'oi aku ka mana ma waena o ka po'e Ossetians a me nā Lūkini,'o ia ka'oihana nui o nā kama'āina kūlanakauhale. Aia ma Vladikavkaz no ka mo'olelo holo'oko'a o ke kūlanakauhale he 13 mau hale pule. 'O ka hapa nui o lākou ua pani, ua wāwahi'ia a ua wāwahi'ia i ka manawa Soviet. Akā i kēia manawa, ua ho'iho'i'ia kekahi po'e,'o ia ho'i ka luakini o Alexander Nevsky. Eia kekahi, ma ke kaona o ke kūlanakauhale'o Pokrovsky Women's Monastery, ka mea i pani'ia i ka makahiki 1921. 'O ka halepule nui'o St. George's Cathedral.

'O ke po'okela o North Ossetia ka waena o nā alapule Alan a me Vladikavkaz o ka Ekalesia Orthodox Russian, i mālama'ia e ka'Ake'Ahopihopa o Vladikavkaz.

'O ke kaiāulu o Armenia, ka po'e Parishiana o ka Hale Pule'o'Ameniana, ua ikaika loa ma ke kūlanakauhale. Aia lākou i ko lākou luakini pono'ī, i kapa'ia'o St. Gregory the Illuminator. Ua ho'okumu'ia ia i ka makahiki 1868.

Aia ma Vladikavkaz kekahi mau pūnaewele o nā'au'au Karistiano'ē a'e,'o ka po'e Protestant, akā, he'u'uku ka heluna o nā'ekalesia i loko o lākou. 'O ka po'e'Ano Ho'okūkū'ehiku, he po'e'oi loa lākou, a he mau hale pule nō ho'i lākou.

'O ka halepule Katolika ma ke kūlanakauhale aia kekahi o kona parisa.

Akā'o ka hapū Muslim i Vladikavkaz he'oi aku ka Katolika a me ka Protestant,'oiai he'oi aku ka mea i'oi a'e ma mua o ka Orthodox. 'O'Ilamana ka'oihana nui o ka Ingus, nā Azerbaijan, Chechens, Kumyks, Kabardins e noho nei ma ke kūlanakauhale. 'O ka hapa nui o nā Mākuika e kāko'o ana i ka hana Sunni. Ma Vladikavkaz aia kahi moska Mukhtarov, i kūkulu'ia i ka ho'omaka'ana o ke kenekulia XX, i ka manawa o ka Soviet Union no ka manawa lō'ihi he hale kū'ai. 'O nā makahiki he 90 wale nō i ho'iho'i'ia i nā mismana no ka hana'ana i nā'oihana ho'omana. Ma hope o kēia, kūkulu hou'ia ka hale.

Aia ma Vladikavkaz kahi kaiāulu Iudaio, nona ka halepule pono'ī, a me nā hale kupapa'u Iudaio.

Eia hou, ma Vladikavkaz e noho nei i mau 'elele o ia mau kaiaulu ho'omana e like me Buddhist a me Hindu. 'O ka hopena he luakini kona no Brahma.

'O nā mea e pili ana i nā'oihana ho'omana'ē a'e ma Vladikavkaz, ua pani'ia i loko o ka nui'ole o ka hana no ka ho'okumu'ana i nā kaiāulu. Hiki iā mākou ke'ōlelo he ho'okahi lākou.

'O ke kālā o ke kūlanakauhale

'A'ole i lawa ka wehewehe'ana o ka heluna o ke kūlanakauhale'o Vladikavkaz me ka hō'ike'ole i ke kūlana waiwai o ka noho'ana.

Ua kūkulu ke kūlanakauhale i ka hale mīkini hale, nā metallurgy, ka mālamalama a me ka'oihana mea'ai. I waena o nā'oihana nui loa o Vladikavkaz, he mea pono e'ike i ke'ano o kahi mea kanu hale-kālai, kahi mea hana ka'a ka'a,'o ka Pobedit Enterprise, i ho'olako'ia i ka hana'ana i nā pāleka'oi aku.

Eia hou, aia i'elua mau mea kanu waihuhu ma ka'āina o ke kaona o ke kūlanakauhale e hana ana i ka'aila.

Ua pili'o Vladikavkaz me nā kūlana'ē a'e o ka Russian Federation ma ke alanui, ka hale ka'a a me ka ea. Aia i loko o ke kūlanakauhale he mau ka'a ka'a a me nā laina tram. A hiki i ka makahiki 2010, ua loa'a iā ia kāna mau'auwa'a holo.

Nā 'ano ma'amau

Ua mana'o'ia ma luna nā'ike nui o ka nohona o Vladikavkaz. E like me kā mākou'ike'ana, e noho ana ka heluna kanaka he nui i ka nui o ka mokupuni o North Ossetia. 'O Vladikavkaz kekahi o nā kauhale nui loa o ka Caucasus North. Noho nā luna o nā lāhui'ē a'e i kēia wahi, akā'o ka iwi nui o'Ossetians a me ko Lūkini,'o ka ho'omana ho'omana i waena o lākou,'o ia'o ka Kristiano.

Pono e ho'omaopopo'ia i loko o nā makahiki he'umikumamālima i hala iho nei, ua emi iki ka emi'ana o ka heluna o Vladikavkaz, me kekahi mau kumu'ē a'e. Eia na'e, ua hā'awi aku ka 2015 i ka manaolana i ka wā e hiki mai ana i kahi e hiki ai ke loli ke kūlana o ka lehulehu no ka maika'i.