Vladimir Odoyevski: na hana ma ka 'ano moʻokalaleo, kā lākou mau poetics

Russian moʻokalaleo o ka hope kenekulia, e malama no ka mamo i nā inoa o nā loea haku mele o na mea he nui, a kākau moʻolelo. Odoevskogo hana - kekahi o ia mau mea - i ka hoihoi manawa. Kona poʻe hoʻokalakupua kaʻao, he utopian puke "4338 i ka makahiki: St. Petersburg palapala," haul "Lūkini Nights" E e kūkākūkā i ka pauku.

periodization o kaʻike hoʻokumu

mea kākau o ka hana a ua maheleia conditionally i ekolu manawa - ke kaumaha ma muli o ka wahi, kahi i hana Odoyevski hana. Ka mua "Moscow" ke kahua me ia ma kona komo i loko o ke kaiapili "Lyubomudry" a me Eia kekahi laʻana o ka peni. Once i ka 1826 Odoyevski neʻe i St. Petersburg, hoomaka ae la oia i ka hou wā o kana hana, hua nui. Ka mea kākau moʻolelo i paʻiʻia kekahi mau hoiliili ole o ka manao, ka mea e e oluolu ia i ka heluhelu a hiki i kēia manawa, ma hope o aneane 200 makahiki. Ka lua o ka "Moscow" ke kahua me ua hoailono aku la ma ka hanaiia'na mai o Odoyevsky "Lūkini Nights" - kona maikai na hana, a me ka hana ma luna o ke mele.

"Lei Fairytales"

Odoyevski kā lākou mau hana pinepine i hoonohonoho i loko o nā puka lou. No laila, e pili ana i ka "Motley aoi", ka mea kākau moʻolelo hana ma ka laua ma luna o ka ohi ana o "Madhouse", hoolaa i ka theme like o''he huhu. I ka welelau o ka cyclization hiki ke wehewehe ma kekahi, he pono ole keʻano o ka hanaʻana hoʻomaopop 'ana i Lūkini moʻokalaleo o ia mau manawa. A laila, ma ke kakahiaka nui 30s, i loko o ka malamalama, hele mai "Belkin" a me ka "ahiahi, ma ka aina kokoke Dikanka", a oia ka mea'ē aʻe ma mua o ka pōʻaiapuni. Kohoʻia ma luna o Pushkin ke kumu a me ka luna 'kakou kamailio ana'ōnaehana "Motley poʻe hoʻokalakupua kaʻao." Hōʻuluʻulu Odoevskogo i ka huina hoonui ( 'ole kekahi kakaʻina) hoʻolauna iā' i ke kii o ka narrator - Irenaeus Modestovich Gomozeyko. Haʻalele kauoha aupuni Ivan Petrovich Belkin, ka narrator ma "Motley manao" ua hai autobiographical hiʻona. A laila,ʻo ia, e ho'āʻo i ka kūlana o ka "palapala, ai 'kaulua", ma ka aoao o ka mea a ka mea kākau moʻolelo, e hoʻomaka i keʻano o ia me ka loaa aoao - i ka mea heluhelu.

Ua nane lā "kūlanakauhale i loko o snuffbox"

I mea, o ka mea kākau moʻolelo i kekahi o Yonamine i loko o ka 'ano moʻokalaleo o ka palapala, ai poʻe hoʻokalakupua kaʻao, manao ia e heluhelu i loko o ka mua kahi i ke keiki. I ka 1834, ua paha ka loa kaulana hana Odoevskogo - "kūlanakauhale i loko o snuffbox". Ke kuka Ua puni hoʻi: Pāpā hōʻike ke keiki Misha mele pahu, he snuffbox. Keiki makemake e ike pehea e hana, ke pa ia (ia, ma ke alanui, he mea hiki, i ka wa a ke kanaka lures he keiki-pahu manamana lima). halawai Michael a me na noho o ka kūlanakauhale - nā hāmare a me ka bele - a hoala i maopopo i ka loina o ka hana o ka lilo ana gizmos. A me nā mea a pau o kona mau noʻeau hana maikai e like me ka hana hoihoi moʻolelo holomua pu ana o ka hoʻonaʻauao pathos a me ka fiction. Ke kiʻi i ka manaʻo o ka mea hana - e hoomaopopo i ka mea heluhelu i ke keiki pono e aʻo i ka manaʻo, e kālailai, ia mea e pono ke hoʻonaʻauao i ke keiki o kona makemake no kaʻike.

"Lūkini Malam"

Ano moʻokalaleo Ke paʻi i ka makahiki 1844,, "Lūkini Nights" Ua paʻakikī i ka hōʻike. Pinepine keia hana Odoevskogo hoakakaia like me ka ohi ana o 'atikala e lawe ana i ka philosophical ano. Ka mea, i maopopo lewa i kona manaʻo o ka hoopahaohaoia'na o ko ke ao nei, i ke ala ma a Rusia mea e hele. It E e hoʻomaopopo i ka lehulehu ākea o "Lūkini Nights" Ua ma mua ma ka Wa Mamua Odoevskogo na mea pohihihi o ke kiko'ī sciences - makemakika, physiology a me kaʻike manaʻo e like me kālaiʻike.

I ka Ia manawa, o ka mea kākau moʻolelo koe loea launa 'ole ka oiaio o ka olelo. Like Voltaire, kuu manaʻo i loko o succinct kiʻi philosophicity hūnā i nā hana hoihoi'āina. A Odoyevski hale hana ma ka makakū. Ke kuka revolves puni ka ohi ana o kekahi mau keiki kanaka, ka poe e hele ana e i ka manao hoa, i kapaʻia Faust. Aia ka mea, kūkākūkā i ka mōʻaukala, ho'āʻo ana e maopopo i nā kānāwai o ka lawelawe ola, a me ke komo i nā mea huna o ko ke ao nei. I ka hana a ua kapa hoʻohanohano ma intellectualism, a hiki i ka i kā mākou i loko o ka wehewehena o ka makakū kaʻina. Ma keia hihia, e Odoyevsky hooko i ka hana o ka meta-'ōlelo: ka no o ka moʻolelo e pili ana i ke akamai. Penei, ka Lūkini kākau moʻolelo o ka hapa mua o ka hope kenekulia mea surprisingly kokoke i ka hope hana o nā kākau o ka iwakalua kenekulia (la me ka manao kuhikuhi 'imi naʻauao novels o Thomas Mann).

Dialogism "Lūkini Nights" - i ka mea apo la Odoyevski. Nā hana i hoonoho iho i loko o ka ohi, me he mea makau iho la lakou i ka haawi aku i ka definitive pane e kiko i ka i. Akā, ua kokoke no ia e komo i loko o speculation o ka mea heluhelu, nūnē nui. Kēia "Lūkini Nights" e kokoke ana i na hana o kekahi poʻe kākau moʻolelo - Herzen a me Belinsky - loa palaka, au pono aku nei au, i haawi i ka oko ao i loko o kā lākou aesthetic kohoʻia.

"4338 i ka makahiki" me he utopian puke

Mau kenekulia aku nei i ka comet Biely hana i ka puu o ka leo. Ua Ua manaoio ia ma hope o ka wa ia e he alo a hiki i ka ili o ka Honua. hana kekahi Odoevskogo lewa keia "mea o ka comet," iwaena o lakou - o ka utopian puke "4338 i ka makahiki: St. Petersburg palapala," a, Eia naʻe, i haʻalele paʻa hapa. Ka mea kākau portrays ke ao nei ma 2500 makahiki, i ka wa o ka ulu ana o na kanaka, e hiki ai e hoola i ka honua mai ka pōʻino e hiki mai comet. Ke huahana loaʻa ka prognostic hiʻona o ka fiction a me ka utopian puke; ka mea kākau Wānana hoʻi i ka wā e hiki mai helehelena o na hana, a me ka Internet. Naʻe, ke kaiāulu kanaka, ua kākauʻia,ʻaʻole i ka pono me he mea: ai ka wa pau ole-e māhuahua nalu o ka 'ike, aole ia i hookoe i ke kanaka lolo me ke koe. Utopia huli i loko o ka dystopia, ma ka mea e alakaʻi mai i kēia 'ano moʻokalaleo Ke i hope palapala (oi loa i loko o ka "City me ka inoa").