Volkhov HPP: i ka hōʻike a me ka Hawaii photo. I ka moolelo o ka Volkhov ieie-ku

E like me ua ikeia, Alessandro Volta invented ka mua uila o na pu ki i ka 1800, o ka makahiki. Mahope o ehiku makahiki i hele mai i ka mana mua, a me kēia hanana i ka wa pau ole hoʻololi i ke ola o na kanaka. He nui no ia, ua nele maila i loko o oaoieei-hua'ōlelo, a me ka loa koke haawi ala i ka oi efficient wahi. Naʻe, i waena o nā mea kanu, a he mau centenarians. No ka laʻana, ka mea Volkhov ieie-Plant, i hana i keia la, ua kekahi o ka kūkulu i ka Soviet au mua. Ua Ua ike me he kia hoʻomanaʻo o ka 'epekema a me ka' ike loea hou a ua manaoia e lilo i kekahi o ka hanalima kahua o ka Leningrad māhele.

Volkhov

Rusia - i ka aina o ka nui muliwai, no laila, i loko o ke kakahiaka nui iwakalua o ke kenekulia, hoomaka ae la na mea he nui inventors e hoʻomōhala papahana ma ka hoʻohana 'ana o kona hydropower Loaʻaʻia. Ua UaʻAʻole hele unnoticed a me ka muliwai Volkhov. Ma ka palapala 'o ko mākou'āina ia mea oluolu i ka loaʻa, no ka mea, o ka mea wale nō e kahe ana mai o Lake Ilmen. A ka mea, ke ole ka hope o kona hiʻona like Volhov i ka hiki i ka hoʻololi 'ana i ka ao ao. Keia ia lŘlŘ ma haʻahaʻa pae o ka wai a me ka ilmenite ku i ka pressurization o ka lako wai.

Volkhov HPP moʻolelo pāhana

I ka manaʻo o ke kūkulu o ka hydropower mea kanu ma ka muliwai Volkhov mua koho lunaʻenehana E Graftio i ka 1902. Heʻumikumamālua nā makahiki ma hope,ʻo ia i hōʻano hou i kona haawi ana i ka muli o ka nui loa aku kou mana turbines, a hoʻokomo i kekahi a hiki i ka noho aupuni ana o tsarist Rusia. Ka papahana i ole, kena ae la ka nui o ka uku hoopanee i waena o luna, a hele aku la, e like me ka mea, e olelo aku nei, ma lalo o ka moena. I ka 1917, i ka lunaʻenehana ua hiki ke ulu i kā lākou keiki Kuikawa Aupuni, i ka mana i ka hana e hoomakaukau ai no ka hana o ka hou ieie-mea kanu. Lakou mau ae wale i kekahi mau mahina, a ua ua kau no o ke kipi, a me nā hanana mahope i alakai aku ai i ka'opi o ka hoʻokele waiwai. Ke ho'āʻo lua e hoʻomaka i ka hana o ka hydropower mea kanu ma ka muliwai Volkhov i apo akuk ai i ke kōkua o V. I. Lenina i ka 1918, ka makahiki, aka, ka mea i koke hooleia. Ka mea, o wale nō i loko o 1921, keia hydropower kanu i E wehewehe pū mai i loko o ka electrification kumumanao.

? ieoaeunoai

Volkhov HPP kauoha koke hoʻolauleʻa ai kona 95th lā hoʻomanaʻo. Ua Ua ai na makahiki aku nei, i ka Soviet aupuni aponoia i ka olelo hooholo ma luna o kona kūkuluʻia. A i loko o ka palapala hookama ma ka huiʻana o ka Central Hoʻokō Komite o ka RSFSR walu o ka halawai, ka mea i olelo i ka mea e kōkua ke hoʻoponopono i ka pilikia o ka uila ma Petrograd, a hoopau iho la i ka protracted wahie ulia. Eia hou, i ka 1922 Ua aoia mai no ke Aupuni o ka RSFSR pili kino, e kōkua 'loa Volkhovstroy. E like me ka hopena o ka'ōlohe wiwo hooikaika ana o na hana ma July 1926 ana o ka'īpuka o ka hou ieie-noaioee i ee aku, i 'ae' e wehe ma hoʻokele ma luna o ka muliwai Volkhov. A hiki aku ka mea i waikahe? Aieeeua 10 tausani aa, ec eioi o mahiʻai aina.

hana mama

Inauguration o ka Volkhov ieie-ku i paʻa i loko o December 1926. A laila, ka mea, i ka ho'ālaʻana i i ekolu ieie, a me ka poe i koe i haʻalele no loko o ka ia 12 mahina. I ia manawa, Volkhov ieie-ua 58 MW. Ma mahope makahiki ia ia i nā nui ae, a ma ke kakahiaka nui '40s ka mea, ua 66 MW.

I ka hookokoke ana aku i ke alo laina ma HPP makahiki hookahi kanaha-mua o ka Volkhov ieie-ipu dismantled a wehe. Mea pōmaikaʻi, ke Nazis pii ole mai i ka hopu i ka strategically ano nui nā kaʻa, a ma ka Akuma ka o 1942, ka wā i ke kulana stabilized i kekahi mau mea, ekolu ieie-ua hou-a? Ac, a waiho aku hoʻi i loko o hana. Eia hou, ma ka lalo o Lake Ladoga e moe uwea, a mai ia manawa, Volkhov ieie-kanu i (Hawaii photo o ka wā kokoke i ola makou mahope o) ua hiki mai i ka hula i keʻano nui kūlana i loko o ka mana kokuaia o ka hoʻopilikiaʻia Leningrad. Ma ia laua i keia hana mākou poʻe e lawe i ka mana o ka mea a hiki i nā kiʻi mālama '-kaua, nā mea i loaʻa ma ka October makahiki 1944, a me ka piha hoihoi hou ia ana o HPP i pau i ka makahiki 1945.

Ma ke kēia mau makahiki Volkhov ieie-mea kanu hoʻohana smoothly, a ma ka 1966 no ka hana makakū o kona hui i haawiia i ka Papa Hanohano o ke Red Banner.

Retooling

Ma waena o ka makahiki 1993 a me 1996, i ka makahiki o ka Volkhov ieie-koa, o kona mau kiʻi hāʻawi aku i ka manaʻo o kona kuhikuhipuʻuone helehelena, ua hōʻano hou. Ma kekahi, i ka hope o ka ekolu ia hanauna aku huahelu kaua kī pūʻana ma luna o ka nui ikaika o 12 MW kēlā me kēia. Initially ka mea, i? Aaony e puku i ke koena o ka mīkini peahi uila, nae, ma muli o ka nele o ke dala, i kēia kaʻina ua me ka nui loa hoolohi. Ka mea a ka mea, ua, ma ka hope o 2007, ua komo i loko o kekahi 'aelike, e puku i ka mua ieie-kanu i mea hiki ke lawe mai iʻelua wale nō makahiki ma hope. I ka minute, ka Volkhov ieie-ku modernization hana hoi i keia manawa i ka hoʻopiha 'ana. Ua Ua manaoia ia ma hope o mahuahua i 98 MW i ka hope o nā mea a pau neaa huahelu o kona 'auhau, e e.

GES i keia la

Volkhov ieie-kanu i kekahi wahi haʻahaʻa puʻe. I ka haku mele 'ana o kona mau hana nā:

• Pōhaku puna makua spillway lōʻihi o ka 212 mika;
• kūkulu hydropower mea kanu;
• rybohodnoe? ieoaeunoai;
• ke keʻena o ke kāki hoʻouna laka;
• floodgate;
• ledozaschitnaya pā me ka lōʻihi o ka 256 mau mika.

Ka makahiki auaiaea uila mana o 347 Volkhovskaya Mill. KvVtch. Ka mana laau hale, he umi kahahānai-iho neaa naehana ke hoʻohana i ke poo o ka 11 mau mika. Puʻe ieie-eiiieaena e hoolilo Volkhov? Aieeeua. Kona wahi o 2,02 sq. ei, a me ka mea pono keia mau mea nona iho - 24,36 miliona cubic mika ..

hele

E like me ua oleloia, o ka Volkhov ieie-Plant mea he hoihoi 'kia o ka' epekema a me ka 'ike loea, no laila, he mea mau i ka hailona ana i makemake aku, e kipa i kēia paena, a loaaʻi ka ike a me kona mea i manao ai hiʻona. E hana i kēia, e pono e hele i ka mua mooolelo ma ka hoʻonohonoho hui huakaʻi, i mea hiki wale ma luna o ka hōʻike o ka palapala holo'āina'ē. I ka polokalamu o ia alakaʻi Kauai loaʻa i ka hele ma ieie-makua, e hoʻopaʻi ana naʻe i ka iau-keʻena Genriha Osipovicha Graftio a me ka mīkini lumi, e like me familiarization me ka mōʻaukala o ka makua. Nō hoʻi, inā ma mua e palapala i ka Volkhov, laila, nānā nui pono, e hiki ike ia kokoke i ka piha o ka hoihoi 'hoi na mea makau i ka makua. Ma kekahi, ina oe i nele i oe e kele i ke City Hale a me na Ekalesia Mihaila Arhangela.

Volkhov ieie-ku ma ka palapala 'āina

E kiʻi i ka ieie-ku ke ia ma luna o ka huakaʻi, a haalele mai ka Moscow alahao ku i ke alahao noaioee "Volkhov", a ma ke kaʻa ma luna o ke ala "kola". HPP e kōkuaʻoe loaʻa i ka palapala 'āina o ka Volkhov, hōʻike ma lalo, ma ka i' oe pono e 'imi i ka helu wahi o ka: alanui Graftio, 1.

Ano, e ike, i ke kaulana Volkhov ieie-koa, i ke kūlana hoʻokaniʻia e kēia maoli-ola kākoʻo o ka hoʻopilikia Leningrad, a me ka mea hoomakaukauiaʻi iā ia i loko o ka wā e hiki mai.